Project of Solar ppt
- 1. Under the Supervision of Asst. Prof. Pratyay Konar DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (4th Year Student) By SOUMYA DATTA 1
- 2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1. Introduction to Solar Integrated SMART Street Lighting System 2. Solar power & it’s conversion to electricity 3. General Design of SMART Street Lights 4. Electrical components required for implementation 5. Implementation of the circuit I. Charge Controlling Circuit II. LDR based Circuit III. Alternative Power Supply IV. Controlling Circuit V. Adjustable Voltage Regulator VI. Complete Circuit 6. Conclusion & Future Scope of the project 7. Appendix 8. Bibliography & References 2
- 3. Introduction to Solar Integrated SMART Street Lighting System SMART Street Lighting System (solar integrated) utilizes street light controllers which are smarter versions of the mechanical or electronic timers previously used for street light ON-OFF switching operation using the solar energy for it’s power. They come with energy conservation options like twilight saving, staggering or dimming as they are designed primarily for energy efficiency. A comprehensive system usually consists of: - LED Control unit Sensors installed in each lamp pole or group of lamp poles Communication units Management center 3
- 4. Benefits of SMART Street Lighting System The benefits of this type of technology can be: Energy savings Reduction of maintenance cost Reduction in CO₂ emissions Reduction of light pollution Maintenance of safety 4
- 5. Solar power & it’s conversion to electricity Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, directly using photovoltaic (PV). Solar Cells converts light into an electric current using the photovoltaic effect. 5
- 6. General Design of SMART Street Lights 6
- 7. Primary Electrical Components required for the setup Solar Panel (12V,10Watt) Solar panel refers to a panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source of energy for generating electricity or heating. 7
- 8. Primary Electrical Components required for the setup Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) A light dependent resistor works on the principle of Photo conductivity. Photo conductivity is an optical phenomenon in which the materials conductivity reduces when light is absorbed by the material. 8
- 9. Primary Electrical Components required for the setup Battery (12V) o An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices. Transformer(230/12 V, 1Amp) o Electrical power transformer is a static device which transforms electrical energy from one circuit to another without any direct electric connection and with the help of mutual induction 9
- 10. Other Electrical Components required for the setup 10 Voltage Regulator Capacitor Relay (12V) N-P-N Transistor
- 11. 11 DIODE Double Pole Switch LED Resistor Connector Other Electrical Components required for the setup
- 12. Implementation of the Circuit Charge Controlling Circuit Line diagram 12
- 13. Implementation of the Circuit Charge Controlling Circuit Fabrication 13
- 14. Implementation of the Circuit LDR based Circuit Line diagram 14
- 15. Implementation of the Circuit LDR based Circuit Fabrication 15
- 16. Implementation of the Circuit Alternative power supply Line diagram 16
- 17. Implementation of the Circuit Alternative power supply Fabrication 17
- 18. Implementation of the Circuit Controlling circuit Line diagram 18
- 19. Implementation of the Circuit Controlling circuit Fabrication 19
- 20. Implementation of the Circuit Adjustable Voltage regulating circuit Line Diagram 20
- 21. Implementation of the Circuit Adjustable Voltage regulating circuit Fabrication 21
- 22. Implementation of the circuit Complete Circuit Perspective-1 22
- 23. Implementation of the circuit Complete Circuit Perspective-2 23
- 24. Implementation of the System Complete System Final Perspective 24
- 25. Conclusion The following conclusions can be drawn after completion of the project: Solar integrated SMART street lighting system is one of the leading innovations in the 21st century as it is not only eco-friendly but also more energy efficient. Automatic controlling by LDR and its circuit leads to more energy conservation/lesser energy losses. As the system is controlled by a controlling circuit including charge controller, 2-pole switch and 3-pole switch, the system is very protective, low maintenance cost and very useful. As they are automatically controlled using LDR, dimming and brightening are the key points of the SMART street lights. The governments of different countries should initiate this type of solar integrated projects to further promote a healthy environment for humans as it is pollution free. 25
- 26. Future Scope The initial investment in solar LED street light system remains a major problem. However, the efficiency of the solar cells is increasing, while the price is decreasing. At same time, the efficiency of the LED light is in a rapid increase, but the prices are lower. So following development of the outdoor lighting technique, the solar LED street light system has shown us that it will have promising applications and infinite vitality in future. We can use AC lamps or lights instead of DC LED’s by using a inverter which is used for converting DC to AC voltage. We can use dual axis solar tracker for efficient charging of battery from solar energy. It also helps to generate more power from solar means. If we want to increase the load this will be one of the most efficient methods. 26
- 27. Appendix Equipments Quantity Specifications POT 2 10KΩ NPN Transistor 2 BC547 Relay 2 12V Resistor 4 1KΩ, 1KΩ, 500 Ω, 500 Ω Connector 2 - 27 Charge Controlling Circuit Equipments Quantity Specifications Light Dependent Resistor 3 - Resistor 5 50KΩ, 150KΩ, 20 KΩ ,1KΩ, 1KΩ Relay 3 12V NPN Transistor 3 BC547 LED 3 - Connector 3 - LDR Based Circuit
- 28. Appendix-2 Equipments Quantity Specifications Transformer 1 1 Amp, Capacitor 2 1000μF, 470μF Diode 4 IN4007 Voltage Regulator 1 IC7812 28 Alternative Power Supply Controlling Circuit Equipments Quantity Specifications NPN Transistor 2 BC547 Relay 1 12V Double Pole 2-Way Switch 2 1Amp, 1Amp Triple Pole 2-Way Switch 1 1Amp Resistor 3 10KΩ, 10KΩ, 10KΩ LED 3 -
- 29. Essentiality of Proteus in the Project Proteus has helped us in the completion of the project technically in recreating the design of the circuit and simultaneously checking for errors in any kind of wirings and other important factors like voltage drops and led tests. Without Proteus it would’ve been impossible to design the overall circuit as any kind of errors can be pre-checked to be sure for the final design. 29 Proteus 8
- 30. Bibliography and References www.telematics-wireless.com www.solarpowernotes.com “Art of Electronics, 3rd Edition, errata”. Horowitz, Paul. April 7, 2015 The American heritage science dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2005 http://www.electrical4u.com/ Robert S. Mroczkowski, Electrical Connector Handbook Theory and Applications, McGraw Hill Re-considering the economics of photovoltaic power. UN- Energy (Report) (United Nations). 30
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