Psy 326 Enhance teaching / snaptutorial.com

PSY 326 Entire Course (2 Set)
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This Tutorial contains 2 Set of Papers for each Assignment, Quiz (DQs –
1 Set)
PSY 326 Week 1 Assignment Research Article Identification (2 Papers)
PSY 326 Week 1 DQ 1 Ethics in Research
PSY 326 Week 1 Quiz (2 Set -- 100% Score)
PSY 326 Week 2 Assignment Annotated Bibliography of Research
Methods (2 Papers)
PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 1 Research Design
PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 2 Hypothesis Testing
PSY 326 Week 3 Assignment Critique of a Research Study (2 Papers)
PSY 326 Week 3 DQ 1 Descriptive Research

PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 1 Survey Research
PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 2 Data Analysis
PSY 326 Week 5 DQ 1 Experimental Versus Quasi-Experimental
Designs
PSY 326 Week 5 Final Paper Research Proposal (2 Papers)
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PSY 326 Week 1 Assignment Research Article
Identification (2 Papers)
This Tutorial contains 2 Papers

Research Article Identification. Read each of the abstracts for the
articles listed below and then select oneof them to be the full article that
you will use for all the written assignments in this course. The abstracts
and full-text versions of the articles can be accessed through the
EBSCOhost database in the Ashford University Library:
· Baldwin, V. N., Powell, T., & Lorenc, L. (2011). Factors influencing
the uptake of memory compensations: A qualitative analysis.
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(4), 484-501.
· Goodman, S. H., Dimidjian, S., & Williams, K. G. (2013). Pregnant
African American women’s attitudes toward perinatal depression
prevention. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 19(1),
50-57.
· Hetrick, S. E., Simmons, M., Thompson, A., Parker, A. G. (2011).
What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to guideline
recommendations for the treatment of depression in young
people?Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 45, 993-
1001.
· Ivandić Zimić, J., & Jukić, V. (2012). Familial risk factors favoring
drug addiction onset. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 44(2), 173-185.
· Kaewprom, C., Curtis, J., & Deane, F. P. (2011). Factors involved in
recovery from schizophrenia: A qualitative study of Thai mental health
nurses. Nursing & Health Sciences, 13, 323-327.
· Kirtadze, I., Otiashvili, D., O’Grady, K. E., Zule, W., Krupitsky, E.,
Wechsberg, W. M., & Jones, H. E. (2013). Twice stigmatized: Provider’s
perspectives on drug-using women in the Republic of Georgia. Journal
of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(1), 1-9.
· Moore, R. C., Viglione, D. J., Rosenfarb, I. S., Patterson, T. L., &
Mausbach, B. T. (2013). Rorschach measures of cognition relate to

everyday and social functioning in schizophrenia. Psychological
Assessment, 25(1), 253-263.
· Scullin, M. K. (2013). Sleep, memory, and aging: The link between
slow-wave sleep and episodic memory changes from younger to older
adults. Psychology and Aging, 28(1), 105-114.
Refer to the tutorial titled, “Finding an Article When You Have the
Citation”, which is available within the Ashford University Library for
questions on how to search for articles. It is located under the “Getting
Research Help” tab, in the top center of the navigation heading on the
library’s homepage, then select “Tutorials”.
After making your selection, read the “Methods” section within the
article. Write a two- to- three page paper (excluding title and reference
pages) that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center, presenting the information listed below. Your
paper should begin with an introduction paragraph (including a thesis
statement) and end with a concluding paragraph reaffirming the thesis
and summarizing the major points made in the body of the paper.
The body of your paper must contain the following criteria:
1. Identify the study by title and authors.
2. Determine what question(s) the authors are trying to answer by doing
this research.
3. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research methods
and terminology. Specify which approach is used in the study.
4. Explain whether the study is qualitative or quantitative by citing
specific clues from the article, such as sample size, data collection
techniques, the nature of the data collected, or the data analysis
techniques used.

5. Associate the chosen study with a specific research area of
psychology based on the information on research area in Chapter 1 of
your course textbook. Explain your reasoning.
6. Summarize ethical issues which were addressed in the article and
analyze the ethical principles applied. Can you discern additional ethical
issues that apply but were not mentioned?
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PSY 326 Week 1 Assignment Research Article
Identification (Social identity reduces depression
by fostering positive attributions)
Research Article Identification. Read each of the abstracts for the
articles listed below and then select oneof them to be the full article that
you will use for all the written assignments in this course. The abstracts

and full-text versions of the articles can be accessed through the
EBSCOhost database in the Ashford University Library:
· Baldwin, V. N., Powell, T., & Lorenc, L. (2011). Factors influencing
the uptake of memory compensations: A qualitative analysis.
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(4), 484-501.
· Goodman, S. H., Dimidjian, S., & Williams, K. G. (2013). Pregnant
African American women’s attitudes toward perinatal depression
prevention. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 19(1),
50-57.
· Hetrick, S. E., Simmons, M., Thompson, A., Parker, A. G. (2011).
What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to guideline
recommendations for the treatment of depression in young
people?Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 45, 993-
1001.
· Ivandić Zimić, J., & Jukić, V. (2012). Familial risk factors favoring
drug addiction onset. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 44(2), 173-185.
· Kaewprom, C., Curtis, J., & Deane, F. P. (2011). Factors involved in
recovery from schizophrenia: A qualitative study of Thai mental health
nurses. Nursing & Health Sciences, 13, 323-327.
· Kirtadze, I., Otiashvili, D., O’Grady, K. E., Zule, W., Krupitsky, E.,
Wechsberg, W. M., & Jones, H. E. (2013). Twice stigmatized: Provider’s
perspectives on drug-using women in the Republic of Georgia. Journal
of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(1), 1-9.
· Moore, R. C., Viglione, D. J., Rosenfarb, I. S., Patterson, T. L., &
Mausbach, B. T. (2013). Rorschach measures of cognition relate to
everyday and social functioning in schizophrenia. Psychological
Assessment, 25(1), 253-263.

· Scullin, M. K. (2013). Sleep, memory, and aging: The link between
slow-wave sleep and episodic memory changes from younger to older
adults. Psychology and Aging, 28(1), 105-114.
Refer to the tutorial titled, “Finding an Article When You Have the
Citation”, which is available within the Ashford University Library for
questions on how to search for articles. It is located under the “Getting
Research Help” tab, in the top center of the navigation heading on the
library’s homepage, then select “Tutorials”.
After making your selection, read the “Methods” section within the
article. Write a two- to- three page paper (excluding title and reference
pages) that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center, presenting the information listed below. Your
paper should begin with an introduction paragraph (including a thesis
statement) and end with a concluding paragraph reaffirming the thesis
and summarizing the major points made in the body of the paper.
The body of your paper must contain the following criteria:
1. Identify the study by title and authors.
2. Determine what question(s) the authors are trying to answer by doing
this research.
3. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research methods
and terminology. Specify which approach is used in the study.
4. Explain whether the study is qualitative or quantitative by citing
specific clues from the article, such as sample size, data collection
techniques, the nature of the data collected, or the data analysis
techniques used.

5. Associate the chosen study with a specific research area of
psychology based on the information on research area in Chapter 1 of
your course textbook. Explain your reasoning.
6. Summarize ethical issues which were addressed in the article and
analyze the ethical principles applied. Can you discern additional ethical
issues that apply but were not mentioned?
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PSY 326 Week 1 DQ 1 Ethics in Research
Ethics in Research. After reading Chapter 1 in your text, the APA ethical
principles articles Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of
Conduct (paying particular attention to Standard 8) and Guidelines for
Ethical Conduct in the Care and use of Nonhuman Animals in Research
, as well as viewing the video Obedience and Ethics: Benefits and Costs
of Psychological Conformity Studies, analyze and critique the
principles introduced and applied in the various sources. Summarize
what you feel are the ethical pros and cons of Milgram’s research.

Include in your post definitions and a discussion of terms such as,
informed consent, confidentiality, deception, debriefing, and
institutional review board. Find an additionalexample of a completed
research study that has raised ethical concerns. Evaluate the ethical
pros and cons of that study and explain your reasoning for each aspect.
Your initial post should be 250-300 words. Utilize a minimum of two
peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years and
are documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
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This Tutorial contains 2 Set of Quiz
Set 1

Question 1. Barbara is a research psychologist examining how our
interactions with friends and family change over our lifespan. For
example, she wants to understand how peer interactions change from
childhood to adolescence. What area of psychological research best
describes Barbara’s work?
Question 2. Diane is conducting a research study in which she is
examining the best practices for understanding, treating, and preventing
depression in college students. In which of the following areas of
research is Diane working?
Question 3. Dr. Jones is a research psychologist conducting studies on
the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. His focus is on developing
interview techniques for police departments to use that will increase
correct identification of suspects and minimize accusations against the
innocent. Which of the following best describes the type of research Dr.
Jones is performing?
Question 4. Textbooks, academic books, and theoretical review articles
are all examples of ___________:
Question 5. Which of the following research areas of psychology is used
to study the connection between human behaviors, thoughts and feelings
with processes occurring in the body, such as genetic influences,
hormones, and other systems?

Question 6. Sue is finalizing the design of her thesis project on the
effects of exercise on depression in older adults. She has decided to use
the score on the 10 item depression scale to specify whether her
participants are depressed and the score from a 30 item fitness scale to
assess fitness levels. Which stage of the research process has she just
completed?
Question 7. ______________ is an approach to decision-making
primarily involving the use and reliance on logical arguments.
Question 8. Which of the following is tasked with reviewing and
monitoring all research involving nonhuman animals in order to protect
the welfare of research subjects?
Question 9. Steve has observed that he has more difficulty parallel
parking his car when there are people watching. He then sits outside a
café and notices the number of attempts to park and total time to
successfully parallel park in nearby parking spaces and the number of
people near the parking space. He observes that others also seem to
have more trouble parking with people watching as well. He therefore
develops a general hypothesis that parking ability is related to being
observed. What process has Steve used in developing his hypothesis?
Question 10. Which section of a research article presents the previous
research in the area, starting broadly and narrowing to the specific area
covered by the article, ultimately leading the reader to the authors’
hypothesis?

Set 2
PSY 326 Week 1 Quiz (Set 2)
Question 1. ________________research is a descriptive approach
which is used to gain a deep understanding of particular cases and
contexts.
Question 2. ______________ is the federal policy establishing
Institutional Review Boards and prior review of all research at federally
funded institutions.
Question 3. Textbooks, academic books, and theoretical review
articles are all examples of ___________:

Question 4. Which section of a research article explains how a
hypothesis was translated into a specific set of measurable variables?
Question 5. Steve has observed that he has more difficulty parallel
parking his car when there are people watching. He then sits outside a
café and notices the number of attempts to park and total time to
successfully parallel park in nearby parking spaces and the number of
people near the parking space. He observes that others also seem to
have more trouble parking with people watching as well. He therefore
develops a general hypothesis that parking ability is related to being
observed. What process has Steve used in developing his hypothesis?
Question 6. Barbara is a research psychologist examining how our
interactions with friends and family change over our lifespan. For
example, she wants to understand how peer interactions change from
childhood to adolescence. What area of psychological research best
describes Barbara’s work?
Question 7. Data which is collected without any identifying
information from participants is said to be ___________.

Question 8. A research study being conducted to test the effects of
administering nicotine to healthy volunteers, who have never smoked,
nor used any tobacco products, on their attention and memory would
most likely require which level of IRB review?
Question 9. A (n)____________ is a collection of ideas used to
explain the connections between variables and phenomena.
Question 10. Diane is conducting a research study in which she is
examining the best practices for understanding, treating, and
preventing depression in college students. In which of the following
areas of research is Diane working?
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PSY 326 Week 2 Assignment A Quantitative look
at Social Identity (Social identity reduces
depression by fostering positive attributions)

Week 2 assignment
Using the databases and the Research Methods research guide in the
Ashford University Library, locate and read peer-reviewed articles
about the features of qualitative research and quantitative research.
Also read the full text of the study you selected in Week One.
Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research methods and
terminology. Specify which approach is used in the study. Explain
whether the study is qualitative or quantitative by citing specific clues
from the article, such as sample size, data collection techniques, the
nature of the data collected, or the data analysis techniques used. Using
information in the instructor guidance and Chapter 2 of the textbook,
determine whether the research study you selected is non-experimental
or experimental. Explain your reasoning.
Your paper must be a minimum of four pages (excluding title page) and
formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing
Center. All sources must be documented in APA style, as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center. For more information about APA style, please
see the Ashford Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 2 Assignment Annotated
Bibliography of Research Methods (2 Papers)

Annotated Bibliography of Research Methods. Using the Ashford
University Library databases, locate and read peer-reviewed articles on
a variety of research designs and methods. Be sure to include at least
one article regarding the method used in the study you selected in Week
One. Create an annotated bibliography in which you select, summarize,
and evaluate at least six of these peer-reviewed sources. The sources
chosen must have been published within the last 10 years. Note that the
articles required for this assignment are not research studies; instead,
they are articles about how to do various aspects of research.
At least three of the sources should be about qualitative research
methods, and at least three of the sources should focus on quantitative
research methods. Do not select any articles about both qualitative and
quantitative methods or about mixed methods. For each source, identify
the approach (qualitative or quantitative) and the research design
category (non-experimental or experimental). Summarize each source in
your own words, describing its purpose and how the information would
be useful to a researcher designing a new study. Do not use quotations
from references for this assignment.
Refer to the Tutorials section within the Ashford University Library for
help with searching for articles. To find these tutorials, click on the
“View Tutorials” button on the Library’s home page. There is also a

subject guide devoted to Research Methods. On the Library’s home
page, click on Subject Guides, then select “Psychology,” then click on
“Research Methods.” In searching for articles on topics in psychology
and other social sciences, it is strongly recommended that you utilize the
EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and SAGE Journals Online databases. You may
only select articles that are available in full-text format. To do this, limit
your search criteria by selecting the Full-Text box in the search function
of the database.
Your paper must be a minimum of four pages (excluding title page) and
formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing
Center. All sources must be documented in APA style, as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center. For more information about annotated
bibliographies and APA style, please see the Ashford Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 1 Research Design
Research Design. Consider the following scenario: You have been
approached by a pharmaceutical company that has developed a new

drug that is supposed to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Before mass producing the drug they want to be sure that it is more
effective than the drug they are currently producing. They have offered
you an opportunity to pitch your design of a research study to determine
the effectiveness of the new drug compared with the old one. The
company will hire the person with the most effective research design.
In your posting/pitch include the following:
· Compare and contrast the characteristics of non-experimental
(descriptive and correlational) and experimental research designs.
· Specify whether the aim of the implied research question is to describe,
predict, or explain.
· Choose a research design to evaluate the relative effectiveness of the
two drugs.
· Provide a brief overview of the study you would design.
Your initial post should be 350 to 400 words. Utilize a minimum of two
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PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 2 Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis Testing. Based on the study you designed in the Research
Design discussion, apply the scientific method by specifying the five
steps of hypothesis testing for your study.
· Step 1: State the hypothesis.
· Step 2: Collect the data – For the purpose of this discussion, you will
state how you would collect the data.
· Step 3: Calculate statistics – For the purpose of this discussion, you
will indicate the statistical analysis technique(s) you would use.
· Step 4: Compare to a critical value – For the purpose of this
discussion, you will indicate where you would set the alpha value and
why. Note: This step is hypothetical, as you are not actually conducting
a statistical analysis. Consequently, you will choose if the results of your
hypothetical analysis are above or below the critical value.
· Step 5: Make a decision – For the purpose of this discussion, you will
create a conclusion based on the hypothetical results from Step 4. Be
sure to include a recommendation on the effectiveness of the new drug
based on the results.
Utilize a minimum of two peer-reviewed sources that were published
within the last 10 years and are documented in APA style, as outlined in
the Ashford Writing Center.
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Set 1
Question 1. A psychology instructor wants to examine the consistency of
his exam questions for his psychology course. He uses a computer
program to compute the average correlation between each pair of items
to compute Cronbach’s alpha, a measure of ____________________.
Question 2. Dr. Simon is trying to determine how taking an exam causes
an increase in subsequent memory for material covered on the exam.
What research design should she use?

Question 3. ______________________ is a framework for organizing
and discussing research designs in terms of the amount of control the
research has over the design.
Question 4. An investigator is testing a new assessment of anxiety. To
examine the efficacy of this new measure, he gives the assessment twice
to a group of participants at the beginning of the fall and spring
semesters. He is testing for _______________ .
Question 5. Grip strength is a common physical fitness assessment tool
which is highly reliable; however, research has demonstrated that it has
little relationship with actual fitness levels. Which of the following best
describes the use of grip strength as a measure of physical fitness?
Question 6. A researcher is testing out a new personality assessment to
determine a participant’s personality type. He shows that scores from
his new measure are unrelated to measures of mood and cognitive
ability. He demonstrated that his new assessment has
___________________.
Question 7. Event-related potentials (ERP) is a commonly used
_______________________ in which electrodes are placed on the scalp
of a participant to measure the electrical activity of the brain during
psychological studies.
Question 8. In null hypothesis significance testing, power refers
to__________.

Question 9. Studies have shown there is a relationship between the
economic prosperity of a nation and the health of newborn infants. One
study found that there was a negative correlation between wealth (as
measured by gross domestic product or GDP) and infant mortality.
Which of the following best describes this relationship?
Question 10. In null hypothesis significance testing, we have made a
Type II error when___________.
Set 2
Question 1. ______________ is the statistic representing the
probability that our results are due to random chance.

Question 2. Dr. Jones is conducting a study with 50 participants. She
created a spreadsheet in which she sorted participants in order of birth,
so the oldest participant was first in the list and the youngest participant
was last. Next, she coded an AGE variable for each person according to
the order they were born (so the oldest is 1 and the youngest is 50).
What type of measurement scale has Dr. Jones used to code her variable
of AGE?
Question 3. ________________ isan assessment of validity based on
the association between our measures and relevant behavioral
outcomes.
Question 4. Rhonda conducted a study in which she has tested the
effectiveness of the drug DHEA on improving episodic memory in older
adults. She tested her subjects on two different occasions; in one session
her subject received a placebo, and second they received 50 mg of
DHEA. At each test session the subjects completed a recognition
memory task to measure episodic memory performance. What is
Rhonda’s dependent variable?
Question 5. A graduate student at Big State University has begun
data collection for a thesis project in which she is asking students about
their use of social networking websites. Her primary interest is in
determining how often students use these sites, in what ways, and if
there are differences across majors. What type of research design is this
student using?

Question 6. Dr. Simon is trying to determine how taking an
exam causes an increase in subsequent memory for material covered on
the exam. What research design should she use?
Question 7. ______________________ isa framework for
organizing and discussing research designs in terms of the amount of
control the research has over the design.
Question 8. In null hypothesis significance testing, power refers
to__________.
Question 9. In null hypothesis significance testing, we have made a
Type I error when__________.
Question 10. A psychology instructor wants to examine the
consistency of his exam questions for his psychology course. He uses a
computer program to compute the average correlation between each
pair of items to compute Cronbach’s alpha, a measure of
____________________.

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PSY 326 Week 3 Assignment Critique of a
Research Study (2 Papers)
Critique of a Research Study. Read the full texts of the study you
selected in Week One and the sources you included in your Week Two
bibliography. Evaluate the usefulness of each source and write a
critique of the study from Week One, using the textbook and relevant
articles from the Week Two assignment to support your analysis of the
study. Use the following section headings and content in your paper.
5. Introduction
· State the purpose of the paper. Clearly identify the study being
critiqued, by title and authors. Summarize the research question,
hypothesis (if a quantitative study), and background information on the
topic from the study’s literature review. Did the authors present a well-

balanced summary of current knowledge about the topic? Is there any
apparent bias in the literature review?
II. Methods
· Differentiate the research design (experimental or non-experimental)
and approach (qualitative or quantitative), sampling method, and data
collection methods. Indicate the sample size, variables and measures (if
a quantitative study), statistical tests (if a quantitative study), coding and
analysis procedures (if a qualitative study), and any assumptions made
by the researchers. Were the procedures chosen appropriate for the
study? What alternative methods would you suggest?
III. Ethical Aspects
· Analyze ethical issues pertaining to this study. Did the researchers
explicitly address ethical issues in the article? If not, was there evidence
in the report that the participants’ safety and confidentiality were
protected? Was an approval process by an Institutional Review Board
or similar ethics review committee mentioned? Were any of the practices
ethically questionable (deception, coercion, etc.)?
IV. Results
· Present a summary of the results of the analysis performed in the study.
Did the authors keep their interpretations and conclusions separate from
the analysis results (evidence)?
V. Discussion and Conclusion
· Analyze and critique the conclusions drawn by the researchers. Do the
conclusions follow logically from the results of the analysis? Evaluate
the overall efficacy of the research study by identifying the strengths and
weaknesses of aspects of its design and implementation. Identify the

limitations noted by the researchers and add any limitations you see that
were not mentioned in the article. Describe the directions for future
research proposed by the authors and evaluate their appropriateness.
Recommend at least one idea for a future study that will overcome some
of the limitations of this study. Keep in mind that this suggested future
study will serve as the basis for your Final Paper.
Your paper should be four to six pages in length (excluding title and
reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in
the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of five peer-reviewed
sources that were published within the last 10 years and are
documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
These sources should include the article being critiqued and three of
the sources from your Week Two assignment, as well as the course
textbook. If at least three of the articles from the Week Two
assignment are not useful in evaluating the study being critiqued or for
suggesting alternative methods for studying the topic, search the
Ashford Library for other suitable peer-reviewed sources.
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PSY 326 Week 3 Assignment Critique of a
Research Study (Social identity reduces
depression by fostering positive attributions)

Week 3 assignment
Reread the full text of the study you selected in Week One. Evaluate the
study and write a critique, using the textbook and relevant journal
articles to support your analysis of the study. Use the following section
headings and content in your paper.
Introduction
State the purpose of the paper. Clearly identify the study being critiqued,
by title and authors. Summarize the research question, hypothesis (if a
quantitative study), and background information on the topic from the
study’s literature review. Did the authors present a well-balanced
summary of current knowledge about the topic? Is there any apparent
bias in the literature review?
Methods
Differentiate the research design (experimental or non-experimental)
and approach (qualitative or quantitative), sampling method, and data
collection methods. Indicate the sample size, variables and measures (if
a quantitative study), statistical tests (if a quantitative study), coding and
analysis procedures (if a qualitative study), and any assumptions made
by the researchers. Were the procedures chosen appropriate for the
study? What alternative methods would you suggest?
Analyze ethical issues pertaining to this study. Did the researchers
explicitly address ethical issues in the article? If not, was there evidence
in the report that the participants’ safety and confidentiality were
protected? Was an approval process by an Institutional Review Board
or similar ethics review committee mentioned? Were any of the practices
ethically questionable (deception, coercion, etc.)?

Present a summary of the results of the analysis performed in the study.
Did the authors keep their interpretations and conclusions separate from
the analysis results (evidence)?
Analyze and critique the conclusions drawn by the researchers. Do the
conclusions follow logically from the results of the analysis? Evaluate
the overall efficacy of the research study by identifying the strengths and
weaknesses of aspects of its design and implementation. Identify the
limitations noted by the researchers and add any limitations you see that
were not mentioned in the article. Describe the directions for future
research proposed by the authors and evaluate their appropriateness.
Recommend at least one idea for a future study that will overcome some
of the limitations of this study. Keep in mind that this suggested future
study will serve as the basis for your Final Paper.
Ethical Aspects
Results
Discussion and Conclusion
Your paper should be four to six pages in length (excluding title and
reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in
the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of five sources that were
published within the last 10 years and are documented in APA style, as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. These sources should include
the article being critiqued, at least three peer-reviewed journal articles,
and the course textbook. It is recommended that you visit the Research
Methods research guide in the Ashford University Library for suggested
articles, as well as searching for articles in the Library’s databases.
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PSY 326 Week 3 DQ 1 Descriptive Research
Descriptive Research. Evaluate and briefly discuss the three descriptive
designs presented in Chapter 3 (case studies, archival research, and
observational research). Be sure to discuss the strengths and
weaknesses associated with each approach. Which of these three
approaches do you think is the best descriptive design and why? Finally,
recommend research questions or topics for which each of these
designs would be effective in investigating.
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PSY 326 Week 4 Annotated Bibliography (Social
identity reduces depression by fostering positive
attributions)

Week 4
Annotated Bibliography
Read the instructions for the final paper to determine the kinds of
articles you will need to use as references. Also read the Example
Research Proposal provided in the course materials to help you
visualize your final paper. Search the Ashford University Library’s
databases and the Research Methods research guide to find appropriate
peer-reviewed sources for your proposal. Read the selected articles and
reread relevant sections of the textbook and the full text of the study you
have been working with throughoutthe course. Using the Sample
Annotated Bibliography information and example from the Writing
Center as a guide, create an annotated bibliographyof the sources you
will use in your final research proposal.
The references in the annotated bibliographymust be listed in
alphabetical order, formatted in APA style, and published within the
past 10 years. All selected sources other than the textbook must be
available in full text in the Ashford University Library. After each
reference, insert two paragraphs. The first paragraph should summarize
the main points of the source, in your own words. Do not use any
quotationsor verbatim wording from the source for this assignment. In
the second paragraph, explain how you will use the source to support
your research proposal.

For this assignment, a title page in APA format is required but it is not
necessary to include a separate reference page, because the paper
itself is the reference page with additional information inserted. If you
do include a separate page of references, be aware that it will not be
counted towards the required page count. Your paper must be a
minimum of four pages (excluding title page) and formatted according
to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 1 Survey Research
Survey Research. For this discussion, choose a research area you would
like to learn more about. Design a study using one of the survey
approaches introduced in Chapter 4 of your course textbook. Include the
following in your post:
· Briefly describe the main points of your study.

· Apply aspects of the scientific method to your study by including the
type of sampling you will use in your research design and why you chose
the approach that you did to study this topic.
· Include two sample questions that will be a part of your study. Explain
why each of these would be good questions based on the principles
presented this week.
· Analyze the ethical principles which may affect your study. What are
the specific ethical concerns associated with your research question or
approach?
· Finally, suggest ways to improve the response rate or participation
levels in your study.
**************************************************
PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 2 Data Analysis

Data Analysis. Assume that you applied the method proposed in the
research study you designed for the first discussion activity this week
and now have the data. Which of the methods used for analyzing survey
data would you use and why? Be sure to explain why the approach that
you are proposing to use for data analysis is consistent with the survey
research method that you employed. In addition, identify the
measurement scale (nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio) of the data you
obtained and differentiate the research terminology used.
**************************************************
PSY 326 Week 4 Quiz (2 Set – 100% Score)

Set 1
Question 1. ________________ isa measure of dispersion that
represents the average difference between the mean and each individual
score which is calculated by taking the square root of the variance.
Question 2. One of the key issues in observational research is
simplifying the process of observing behavior by taking ____________
or small snippets of the environment.
Question 3. An important principle in writing items for a survey
questionnaire is to avoid _______________ which are written in such a
way that they suggest an answer.
Question 4. Cory is putting together a presentation on her data and
wants to present the frequency of binge drinking by gender (males and
females) and student status (graduate vs. undergraduate). Which of the
following should she use?
Question 5. A(n) _______________ is a survey that involves a written
question-and-answer exchange between the researcher and the
participant.
Question 6. Which of the following measures represents the number in
the middle of our dataset, with 50% of scores both above and below it?

Question 7. Dr. Bassey is conducting a study of methamphetamine users.
The problem she faces is finding and recruiting participants for her
study. She is able to tap into a group of people in the community who
then recruit other users for her study. She asks each participant to try to
recruit other users they know. What type of sampling strategy has Dr.
Bassey used?
Question 8. If we are interested in describing the most typical case in
our dataset with a numeric descriptor, which of the following should we
use?
Question 9. Dr. Blue is conducting a research study examining the
effects of heat on aggression in urban environments. On days in which
the heat index exceeds 100 degrees he observes people interacting on
public transit and counts the number of aggressive acts and compares
his observations with days in which the high temperature is between 70
and 80 degrees. What strategy best describes Dr. Blue’s project?
Question 10. Rose is taking her weekly trip through her local mall when
a researcher stops to ask if she would be willing to answer a brief
survey. What type of sampling strategy has this researcher used?
Set 2

Question 1. ________________ isa descriptive design that provides
a detailed, in-depth analysis of one person over a period of time.
Question 2. Phineas Gage, an unfortunate railroad worker who
suffered a severe injury from an accident that severed connections
between his frontal lobes and other areas of the brain, resulting in
dramatic personality changes, is a famous and classic example of a(n)
________________.
Question 3. In order for a sample to be representative, it needs to be
______________________ to/ as the population you are interested in
studying.
Question 4. Roberto is a graduate student interested in understanding
in-group/out-group interactions among gay males, so he joins a gay
men’s rugby team to record information about how people within the
group and outside the group are treated. Which of the following best
describes Roberto’s research?

Question 5. Although observational designs are well suited to a wide
range of research questions, one critical issue is that the questions must
be addressed through ___________________ events and behaviors.
Question 6. An important principle in writing items for a survey
questionnaire is to avoid _______________ which are written in such a
way that they suggest an answer.
Question 7. Dr. Black is discussing the results from the mid-term
exam he recently gave with his class and indicates the lowest score was
a 58 and the highest score was a 98 making the ______________ forthe
mid-term 40.
Question 8. If we are interested in describing the most typical case in
our dataset with a numeric descriptor, which of the following should we
use?
Question 9. ________________ refers to the degree to which
characteristics of the sample differ from the characteristics of the
population.

Question 10. Dr. Goody is conducting a research study of Old
Southern University students in which he has selected participants at
random from a registrar’s list of all students at Old Southern University.
The registrar’s list refers to what aspect of Dr. Goody’s study?
**************************************************
PSY 326 Week 5 DQ 1 Experimental Versus
Quasi-Experimental Designs
Experimental Versus Quasi-Experimental Designs. After reading
Chapter 5 in the course text compare and contrast the similarities and
differences between experimental and quasi-experimental designs.
Describe the different ways in which an independent variable can be
manipulated. Demonstrate application of the scientific method and
ethical principles by explaining what dictates the selection of design
(experimental versus quasi-experimental) and the type of manipulation

used in a research study. Finally, give an example of a situation that
could be studied with an experiment or quasi-experiment and assess the
appropriateness of one design over the other in light of practical and
ethical concerns.
**************************************************
PSY 326 Week 5 Final Paper (Social identity
reduces depression by fostering positive
attributions)
Week 5
Review the Example Research Proposal provided in the course
materials. Design a research study on the topic of the study selected in
Week One and critiqued in Week Three. Your design should seek to

resolve the limitations you identified in the study you critiqued. Your
paper must address all of the components required in the “Methods”
section of a research proposal:
• State the research question and/or hypothesis.
• Specify the approach (qualitative or quantitative), research design,
sampling strategy, data collection procedures, and data analysis
techniques to be used.
• If the design is quantitative, also describe the variables, measures, and
statistical tests you would use.
• Analyze ethical issues that may arise and explain how you would
handle these issues.
Your Final Paper must be six to eight pages in length (excluding title
and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined
in the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of six peer-reviewed
sources that were published within the last 10 years, in addition to the
textbook, that are documented in APA style as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center. The sources should consist of the following:
• One source should be the article you critiqued in the Week Three
assignment.
• At least two sources should be about the research methodology you
have chosen for your study.
• At least one source should be on ethical issues in research.
• The remaining sources may be about anything pertinent to your study.
In accordance with APA style, all references listed must be cited in the
body of the paper.
Required Sections and Subsections (use these headings in your paper)

I. Introduction – Introduce the research topic, explain why it is
important, and present your research question and/or hypothesis.
II. Literature Review – Summarize the current state of knowledge on
your topic, making reference to the findings of previous research studies
(including the one you critiqued in Week Three). Briefly analyze and
critique these studies and mention the research methods that have
previously been used to study the topic. State whether your proposed
study is a replication of a previous study or a new approach using
methods that have not been used before. Be sure to properly cite all of
your sources in APA style.
III. Methods
A. Design – Indicate whether your proposed study is qualitative or
quantitative in approach. Identify the specific research design, using one
of the designs we have studied in Weeks Three through Five, and
indicate whether it is experimental or non-experimental. Evaluate your
chosen design and explain why you believe this design is appropriate for
the topic and how it will provide the information you need to answer the
research question. Cite sources on research methodology to support
your choices.
B. Participants – Identify and describe the sampling strategy you would
use to recruit participants for your study. Estimate the number of
participants you would need and explain why your sampling method is
appropriate for your research design and approach.
C. Procedure/Measures – Apply the scientific method by describing the
steps you would use in carrying out your study. Indicate whether you
will use any kind of test, questionnaire, or measurement instrument. If
using an existing published instrument, provide a brief description and
cite your source. If you are creating a questionnaire, survey, or test,
describe the types of information you will gather and explain how you

would establish the validity and reliability. If you are not using such an
instrument, describe how you would collect the data.
D. Data Analysis – Describe the statistical techniques (if quantitative) or
the analysis procedure (if qualitative) you plan to use to analyze the
data. Cite at least one source on the chosen analysis technique (from
your Week Two assignment).
E. Ethical Issues – Analyze the impact of ethical concerns on your
proposed study, such as confidentiality, deception, informed consent,
potential harm to participants, conflict of interest, IRB approval, etc.
After analyzing the ethical issues that apply to your research proposal,
indicate what you would do to handle these concerns.
IV. Conclusion – Briefly summarize the major points from your paper
and reiterate why your proposed study is needed.
Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
• Must be six to eight double-spaced pages in length, and formatted
according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a title page with the following:
• Title of paper
• Student’s name
• Course name and number
• Instructor’s name
• Date submitted
• Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis
statement.

• Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
• Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
• Must use at least six peer-reviewed sources that were published within
the last 10 years, in addition to the textbook.
• Must document all sources in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center.
• Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA
style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
**************************************************
PSY 326 Week 5 Final Paper Research Proposal
(2 Papers)

Focus of the Final Paper: Research Proposal
Design a research study on the topic of the study selected in Week One
and critiqued in Week Three. Your design should seek to resolve the
limitations you identified in the study you critiqued. Your paper must
address all of the components required in the “Methods” section of a
research proposal:
· · State the research question and/or hypothesis.
· · Specify the approach (qualitative or quantitative), research
design, sampling strategy, data collection procedures, and data analysis
techniques to be used.
· · If the design is quantitative, also describe the variables,
measures, and statistical tests you would use.
· · Analyze ethical issues that may arise and explain how you would
handle these issues.
Your Final Paper must be eight to ten pages in length (excluding title
and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined
in the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of six peer-reviewed
sources that were published within the last 10 years, in addition to the
textbook, that are documented in APA style as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center. The sources should consist of the following:
· · One source should be the article you critiqued in the Week Three
assignment.
· · At least two sources should be about the research methodology
you have chosen for your study.
· · At least one source should be on ethical issues in research.

· · The remaining sources may be about anything pertinent to your
study.
In accordance with APA style, all references listed must be cited in the
body of the paper.
Required Sections and Subsections (use these headings in your paper)
5. Introduction – Introduce the research topic, explain why it is
important, and present your research question and/or hypothesis.
II. Literature Review – Summarize the current state of knowledge on
your topic, making reference to the findings of previous research studies
(including the one you critiqued in Week Three). Briefly analyze and
critique these studies and mention the research methods that have
previously been used to study the topic. State whether your proposed
study is a replication of a previous study or a new approach using
methods that have not been used before. Be sure to properly cite all of
your sources in APA style.
III. Methods
A. Design – Indicate whether your proposed study is qualitative or
quantitative in approach. Identify the specific research design, using one
of the designs we have studied in Weeks Three through Five, and
indicate whether it is experimental or non-experimental. Evaluate your
chosen design and explain why you believe this design is appropriate for
the topic and how it will provide the information you need to answer the
research question. Cite sources on research methodology to support
your choices.

B. Participants – Identify and describe the sampling strategy you would
use to recruit participants for your study. Estimate the number of
participants you would need and explain why your sampling method is
appropriate for your research design and approach.
C. Procedure/Measures – Apply the scientific method by describing the
steps you would use in carrying out your study. Indicate whether you
will use any kind of test, questionnaire, or measurement instrument. If
using an existing published instrument, provide a brief description and
cite your source. If you are creating a questionnaire, survey, or test,
describe the types of information you will gather and explain how you
would establish the validity and reliability. If you are not using such an
instrument, describe how you would collect the data.
D. Data Analysis – Describe the statistical techniques (if quantitative) or
the analysis procedure (if qualitative) you plan to use to analyze the
data. Cite at least one source on the chosen analysis technique (from
your Week Two assignment).
E. Ethical Issues – Analyze the impact of ethical concerns on your
proposed study, such as confidentiality, deception, informed consent,
potential harm to participants, conflict of interest, IRB approval, etc.
After analyzing the ethical issues that apply to your research proposal,
indicate what you would do to handle these concerns.
IV. Conclusion – Briefly summarize the major points from your paper
and reiterate why your proposed study is needed.
**************************************************
PSY 326 Week 5 Quiz (2 Set – 100% Score)

Set 1
1. Question : ______________ assesses the degree to which
our results can be attributed to our independent variables.
Question 2. Dr. Poe is conducting an experiment in which he is
examining the effect of taking tests on later memory for studied material.
He has his participants study two standardized test passages. For one of
the passages, participants are given a second opportunity to study the
passage, followed by a recall test. For the other passage, they are given
a multiple choice test followed by a recall test. He finds that
performance in the recall test is better for the passage for which
participants were tested than the passage that was studied twice. Which
of the following best describes Dr. Poe’s study?

Question 3. Dr. Washington is conducting an experiment in which he
is interested in the effects of the drug alprazolam on episodic memory in
adult participants. He conducts an experiment in which he gives one
group a pill containing 1 mg of the drug and a second group a placebo
pill. One hour following drug administration he has the participants
study 50 words, one a time, and then asks them to recall as many of the
words as possible. What is Dr. Washington’s independent variable?
Question 4. __________________ are mean comparisons that
involve comparing only the means for which differences were predicted
by the hypothesis.
Question 5. ___________________ isthe occurrence of a change in
behavior resulting from the mere expectation that change will occur.
Question 6. ____________________ is a criterion for judging
external validity which indicates the research replicates the
psychological conditions of the real world.
Question 7. Dr. Grey is conducting a research study in which she has
assigned her participants to conditions prior to the experiment. She has
flipped a coin to determine if each participant is in condition A or B

until she has an equivalent number of participants in each condition.
What procedure has this investigator used?
Question 8. Dr. Jefferson is conducting an experiment in which she is
interested in the effects of caffeine on visuospatial ability in adult
participants. She conducts an experiment in which she gives one group
a pill containing 20mg of caffeine and a second group a placebo pill.
One hour following pill administration she has the participants complete
a mental rotation task. What is Dr. Jefferson’s dependent variable?
Question 9. The threat to validity known as reactive arrangements is
a problem for __________.
Question 10. A(n) _____________ is the effect of each independent
variable on the dependent variable, collapsing across the levels of other
independent variables.
PSY 326 Week 5 Quiz
Question 1. Sheila is a graduate student interested in how the
presence of odors influences mood in adults. She measures the mood of
participants and then divides them into three groups: one is placed in
room with a pleasant odor, one group is placed in a room with no odor
(the air is purified with a filter), and the final group is placed in room

with a very unpleasant smell. Then, Sheila measures their mood again.
Which of the following best describes her study?
Question 2. ______________ assesses the degree to which our
results can be attributed to our independent variables.
Question 3. Dr. Grey is conducting a research study in which she has
assigned her participants to conditions prior to the experiment. She has
flipped a coin to determine if each participant is in condition A or B
until she has an equivalent number of participants in each condition.
What procedure has this investigator used?
Question 4. Robert is a graduate student interested in the effects of
exercise on attention. His hypothesis is that brief exercise will improve
attention performance in college aged adults. He tests half of his
participants following a 5 minute step test and the other half of his
participants following a five minute period of sitting quietly. Which of
the following best describes the exercise group?
Question 5. The threat to validity known as treatment diffusion is a
problem for __________.

Question 6. ____________area type of order effect that occurs when
participants’ performance decreases over time due to repeated testing.
Question 7. A researcher is conducting a research study in which he
is concerned about verbal ability differences across the conditions of his
experiment. As a result, the first participants complete a verbal learning
task that ranks based on their score on this task. The researcher then
randomly assigns participants to conditions, ensuring that his groups
are equivalent on this task in the end. What procedure has this
investigator used?
Question 8. Joan is recruiting participants for a research study in
which she has advertised for participants interested in losing 20lbs in
order to test if her new diet will be a successful tool for losing weight.
Unfortunately, her study suffers from ____________ because her
participants are probably motivated to lose weight and thus different
from the general population of overweight individuals.
Question 9. Dr. Perry is conducting an experiment in which he is
interested in the effects of the drug zolpidem on executive functioning in
group a pill containing 10 mg of the drug and a second group a placebo
pill. One hour following drug administration, he has them complete the

Wisconsin Card Sorting Task. Which of the following best describes Dr.
Perry’s experimental design?
Question 10. Dr. Madison is conducting an experiment in which he is
interested in the effects of the drug lorazepam on working memory in
group a pill containing 5mg of the drug and a second group a placebo
pill. One hour following drug administration, he has the participants
complete the Operations Span Task. The “placebo group” is best
characterized as:
**************************************************

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