Public Health Functions
Download as PPTX, PDF0 likes1,086 views
The document outlines six key public health functions: 1. Surveillance, analysis, and evaluation of population health status and environmental health problems. 2. Developing policies and plans to support individual and community health efforts to address identified problems. 3. Health promotion through education and preventive measures. 4. Disease prevention through high-risk and population-wide approaches at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. 5. Developing effective health programs and facilities to protect health. 6. Evaluating public health policies, strategies, and facilities.
Public Health Functions
- 1. M-4: Public Health Functions Rashid Mureed Email: rashid.Mureed@cepal.pk
- 2. Public Health Functions 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 3. Public Health Function-I Surveillance, analysis and evaluation of population’s health status Diagnose and investigate health problems in the community Diagnose and investigate environmental health problems and health hazards in the community Act as quickly as possible with efficacy in solving and improving these problems Monitor environmental and health status and solve community environmental health problems Monitor health status or community health problems Example: The Spanish National Health Survey detects tobacco/smoking as a public health problem 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 4. Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts Once the health problem is identified, public health seeks the best interventions and strategies to solve the public health problem and identify health and/or social actors or agents that can be carried out in the best way possible Example: Identify effective policies that reduce the number of smokers in the society Public Health Function-II 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 5. Health Promotion This is a public health function that tries to promote the health of the population, educating in health from the different health, education and mass media facilites Example: Implementation of preventive measures to advantage smoking - free areas Awareness-raising campaign in all the society sectors Public Health Function-III 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 6. Disease Prevention There are two strategies to address diseases prevention, the high risk approach and the population approach High risk approach The high risk approach is aimed at individuals particularly predisposed to an illness and an individual prevention manner is offered to them Population approach The population approach attempt to control the factors of the population as a whole without focusing on a specific collective matter Public Health Function-IV 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 7. Disease Prevention (2) There are three levels of prevention Primary Prevention: to intervene before a disease appears Secondary Prevention: to intervene in pre-symptomatic phases Tertiary Prevention: to intervene when the individual is already ill. Try to mitigate the effects of disease Public Health Function-IV 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 8. To develop effective programs and health facilities to protect health The development and implementation of programmes that promote health improvement of the population as a whole, with the condition that they are based on efficacy scientific evidence based and that they help to increase the population’s quality of life Example: To develop health programmes aimed to help smokers to give up smoking and health facilities with this specific function Public Health Function-V 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 9. Evaluation of public health policies, strategies and facilities Having just implemented, whatever process included in society to solve or improve the health problems must be evaluated, to check its right performance and functioning and analyse if it is associated with an improvement of the health problems for which were developed Example: To evaluate the effect caused by the implementation and programmes on the number of smokers Public Health Function-VI 22 February 2020 M-4: Public Health Function
- 10. Federal Public Health Responsibilities Ensure all levels of government have the capabilities to provide essential public health services Act when health threats may span more than one province, a region, or the entire nation Act where the solutions may be beyond the jurisdiction of individual province Act to assist the province when they lack the expertise or resources to effectively respond in a public health emergency (e.g., a disaster, or an emerging disease) Facilitate the formulation of public health goals (in collaboration with provinces and local governments and other relevant stakeholders) 22 February 2020M-4: Public Health Function
- 11. Other Roles of Federal Public Health Federal government plays a crucial role in Providing leadership, through regulatory powers, in setting health Goals Policies Standards Contributing operational and financial resources Financing research and higher education Supporting the development of scientific and technological tools needed to improve the effectiveness of public health infrastructure at all levels 22 February 2020M-4: Public Health Function
- 12. “…The determinants of health are beyond the capacity of any one practitioner or discipline to manage….We must collaborate to survive, as disciplines and as professionals attempting to help our communities and each other.” —Institute of Medicine, 1999 Nongovernmental Organizations 22 February 2020M-4: Public Health Function
- 13. “It is logical to expect that there is strength in numbers and that partnerships can mobilize material and human resources and be more effective at achieving desired goals than individuals working alone.” – Karen Glanz, Health Behavior and Health Education, 2002 Nongovernmental Organizations 22 February 2020M-4: Public Health Function
- 14. A Well-Functioning Public Health System Has.. Strong partnerships where partners recognize they are part of the public health system Effective channels of communication System-wide health objectives Resource sharing Leadership by governmental public health agency Feedback loops among state, local, tribal, territorial, and federal partners 22 February 2020M-4: Public Health Function
- 15. Our goal is an integrated system of partnerships Federal NRSD Provincial Health Departments Local Health Departments Pharma Companies NGO’s & Pvt. Org. Law Enforcement Community Services Environmental Health Healthcare Providers Philanthropy Mosques Transportation Businesses Media Schools Mental Health Community Coalitions 22 February 2020M-4: Public Health Function
- 16. 22 February 2020M-3: Public Health