Puppet Fundamentals Talk at DevOps Dubai by Hameedullah Khan
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The document outlines the fundamentals of Puppet, an open-source configuration management tool used for ongoing server management across various operating systems. It covers key topics such as node classification, catalogs, resource types, and modules, detailing how Puppet fits within the DevOps toolchain by enhancing automation and infrastructure as code. Additionally, it discusses building custom modules, utilizing Puppet Forge for pre-existing modules, and the role of templates in configuration management.
Puppet Fundamentals Talk at DevOps Dubai by Hameedullah Khan
- 2. Topics Covered • Introduction to Puppet • What is Puppet? • Configuration Management Tools • DevOps Tools Chains • Puppet Fundamentals • Node Calssification • The Catalog • Resource Types • Resource Abstraction Layer • Classes and Defined Types • Modules • Templates and Static Files • Puppet Modules • Use modules from Puppet forge • Build your own module
- 3. What is Puppet? • Open Source Configuration Management Tool • On going management of servers • Declarative Language Allows to define what needs to be managed on an Operating System • Works on all major platforms (Linux, Unix, MacOS, Windows) • Puppet Enterprise with better reporting and management features + official support.
- 4. Configuration Management Tools • Puppet, Ansible, Chef, SaltStack, ChefEngine • Automation • Reproducibility • Scale • Aligned Environments • Infrastructure as a Code • History of changes on Infrastructure
- 5. DevOps Tools Chains • DevOps is about culture, processes, people and tools. • Where does Puppet fits in the typical DevOps tools chain? • SCM • Repository and Software Management • Software Builds • Configuration Management (Puppet) • Testing, Monitoring (Puppet reporting) • Cloud (AWS, Rackspace, Openstack, Google Cloud) • Containerization and Virtualization (Puppet can build docker images) • Databases • Application Servers
- 6. Node Classification • To identify nodes and then compile catalog for them. • Typical node classification includes, classes, parameters, environment. • Puppet Code, hiera_include, External Node Classifier.
- 7. The Catalog • List of resources along with their relationships (dependencies, subscriptions) • Json Format • Client sends facts, Master compiles the catalog, client applies the catalog. • Client uses RAL to execute operating system level commands.
- 8. Puppet Resource • Resource is a single unit of configuration. • Every resource has a resource type associated. • Resource declaration includes: type, title, attribute/argument. file {‘/tmp/devopsdubai.txt’: ensure => file } • Namevars • References: • puppet describe file • puppet describe --list
- 9. Resource Abstraction Layer • Resources are abstracted • Types and Providers • Type specifies the attributes of resources • Providers implements resources on the underlying operating system. • puppet resource user • puppet resource user root
- 10. Classes and Defined Types • Classes are combination of resources • Class parameters • Include or Declare? • Defined resource Types • Similar to Classes • Can be declared multiple times with different titles. • Can be declared only.
- 11. Modules • Puppet Code is written in files called manifests. • Modules are distributable puppet classes/manifests. • Modules stored on modulepath are only visible to puppet command. • Pre Defined Directory structure required for autoloading of classes.
- 12. Templates and Static Files • ERB templates • Loops, conditionals and variables are available. • Static files can’t be changed by Puppet Code. • Deployed on system as it is without any interpolation.
- 13. Puppet Forge • Repository for puppet modules • Managed by PuppetLabs • Supported/Approved Modules • puppet module search • puppet module install • puppet module upgrade
- 14. Build your own Module • puppet module generate • metadata.json • init.pp • templates • files • puppet module build