![[A colloid can be separated by
filtration?]
A. True
B. False](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/puresubstancesmixturesandsolutions-240818055043-3f9fa689/85/Pure-SubstancesMixtures-and-Solutions-ppt-8-320.jpg)
![[After passing through a muddy pond, the water in a
stream contains dirt particles. Which of the following
describes the stream?]
A. [solution]
B. [suspension]
C. [pure substance]
D. [colloid]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/puresubstancesmixturesandsolutions-240818055043-3f9fa689/85/Pure-SubstancesMixtures-and-Solutions-ppt-13-320.jpg)
![[Which of the following will show
the Tyndall Effect]
A. [water]
B. [sugar water]
C. [oxygen gas]
D. [fog]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/puresubstancesmixturesandsolutions-240818055043-3f9fa689/85/Pure-SubstancesMixtures-and-Solutions-ppt-17-320.jpg)
![[Which of the following is a colloid]
A. [milk]
B. [NaCl in water]
C. [sand and water]
D. [raisin bread]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/puresubstancesmixturesandsolutions-240818055043-3f9fa689/85/Pure-SubstancesMixtures-and-Solutions-ppt-19-320.jpg)
Pure SubstancesMixtures and Solutions.ppt
- 1. Pure Substances, Mixtures, and Solutions
- 2. • Pure substance: matter that has a fixed (constant) composition and unique properties. Contains only 1 type element or compound; homogeneous Mixture Mixture: : Contains at least 2 Contains at least 2 PHYSICALLY PHYSICALLY combined compounds; can be homogeneous combined compounds; can be homogeneous or heterogeneous or heterogeneous
- 3. Homogeneous Substances • Means same throughout 1) element: only 1 type of atom 2) compound: 2 or more CHEMICALLY combined elements (not easily separated from each other) ex: water, CO2 3) Solution: a special kind of mixture 2 phases/parts (SOLUTE dissolves & SOLVENT does the dissolving) ex: moist air (H2O in Air); sterling silver (Cu in Ag…called an alloy)
- 4. Heterogeneous matter • Means different throughout • Always a MIXTURE (solutions are mixtures that are NOT heterogeneous) • 2 or more PHYSICALLY combined substances (elements/compounds) • ex: blood, air, muddy water
- 5. • Matter can also be classified according to its composition. Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. • Mixtures can be separated into pure substances, and pure substances can be either compounds or elements.
- 6. MATTER Heterogeneous mixture Is it uniform throughout? No Homogeneous Yes Can it be separated by physical means? Pure Substance Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Can it be decomposed into other substance by a chemical process? Element Compound No yes No yes
- 7. 3 classes of MIXTURES Solution Colloid Suspension Examples salt water, air Soot, fog, mayonnaise Muddy water, Italian dressing Particle Type ions, atoms Small Clusters Large Clusters Particle Size Scatter Light? (TYNDALL EFFECT) Settle while standing? Separate by filtration? small medium large No No No No No yes yes yes yes
- 8. [A colloid can be separated by filtration?] A. True B. False
- 9. Homogeneus mixtures Homogeneous mixtures : is a mixture in which the components are evenly distributed among each other. You can’t see the component parts. Homo means the same throughout. It has a constant composition throughout. • Homogenous mixtures are also called SOLUTIONS Examples: Salt dissolved in water, sugar dissolved in water, apple juice, tea, copper (II) sulfate solution in water, alloys....
- 10. Solutions • Well-mixed (uniform) – single phase • homogeneous • transparent • cannot be separated by filter • do not separate on standing
- 11. States of matter in solution Example of solutions gas in gas air ( N2 , O2 , Ar, CO2 , other gases) gas in liquid soda pop (CO2 in water) liquid in liquid gasoline (a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds) solid in liquid Filtrated sea water ( NaCl and other salts in water) gas in solid H2 in platinum or palladium liquid in solid dental amalgams (mercury in silver) solid in solid alloys ( brass, (Cu/Zn), sol- der (Sn/Pb), Steel (Fe/C ))
- 12. heterogeneous mixtures Heterogeneous mixture : the components are not evenly distributed among each other. An heterogeneous mixture has two or more distinct phases that are usually detectable. This type of mixture does NOT have uniform properties. Heterogeneous mixtures that look like solutions can be distinguished because they scatter light (Tyndall effect). Examples: Sand water, oil and water, milk, sulfur and iron, granite, blood...
- 13. [After passing through a muddy pond, the water in a stream contains dirt particles. Which of the following describes the stream?] A. [solution] B. [suspension] C. [pure substance] D. [colloid]
- 14. Colloids non transparent, non uniform, large particles, cloudy (milky) but stable system Colloids
- 15. Suspensions • A suspension of liquid droplets or fine solid particles in a gas is called an aerosol. In the atmosphere these consist of fine dust and soot particles, and cloud droplets. • suspension: system does not stays stable and settle • Examples of Suspensions – Mud or muddy water, is where soil, clay, or silt particles are suspended in water. – Flour suspended in water. – Paint – Chalk powder suspended in water. – Dust particles suspended in air. – Algae in water – Milk of Magnesia
- 16. Colloids Tyndall effect: You can see the light passes through a colloid or suspension. (particles scatter light.) emulsion: a mixture of immiscible substances (liquid-liquid). like milk and mayonnaise
- 17. [Which of the following will show the Tyndall Effect] A. [water] B. [sugar water] C. [oxygen gas] D. [fog]
- 18. •Suspensions like coffee are easily filtered to take out the tiny solid clumps floating in the liquid. • In colloids and many homogeneous mixtures have clumps that are so small they pass through most filters.
- 19. [Which of the following is a colloid] A. [milk] B. [NaCl in water] C. [sand and water] D. [raisin bread]