Python Libraries and Modules

A library is a collection of modules. It is a reusable
chunk of code that you may want to include in
your programs/projects.

pyttsx3
wikipedia
Pandas
Nampy
Some python
libraries are:-

Numpy is considered as one of the most popular
machine learning library in Python. Array interface is
the best and the most important feature of Numpy. This
interface can be utilized for expressing images, sound
waves, and other binary raw streams as an array of real
numbers in N-dimensional.

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(arr)
print(type(arr))
Output- [1 2 3 4 5]
<class 'numpy.ndarray'>
Example 1-

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
print(arr)
Output- [[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]
Example 2-

Pandas is a Python library used for working with data
sets. It has functions for analyzing, cleaning, exploring,
and manipulating data. Its allows us to analyze big
data and make conclusions based on statistical
theories. It can clean messy data sets, and make them
readable and relevant.

import pandas as pd
data = {'Name':[' Janny ', 'Amit',’Suji‘]
'Age':[28,34,29,42]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print df
Its output is as follows −
Age Name
0 28 Janny
1 34 Amit
2 29 Suji
Example1

pyttsx3 is a text-to-speech conversion library in Python.
Unlike alternative libraries, it works offline.
import pyttsx3
engine = pyttsx3.init()
engine.say("I will speak this text")
engine.runAndWait()

Wikipedia is a Python library that makes it easy to
access and parse data from Wikipedia. Search
Wikipedia, get article summaries, get data like links
and images from a page, and more.

Example1
import wikipedia
# finding result for the search
# sentences = 2 refers to numbers of line
result = wikipedia.summary("India", sentences = 2)
# printing the result
print(result)

A python module can be defined as a python
program file which contains a python code
including python functions, class, or variables.
In other words, we can say that our python
code file saved with the extension (.py) is
treated as the module.
Python Modules

Some Python Modules are:-
datetime
1
webbrowser
2
OS
3
Tkinter
4
random
5

The datetime module supplies classes for
manipulating dates and times. The datetime module
has many methods to return information about the
date object.
datetime

import datetime
x = datetime.datetime.now()
print(x.year)
print(x.strftime("%A"))
Output-2021
Sunday
15
Example- Return the year and name of weekday

The webbrowser module includes functions to open
URLs in interactive browser applications. The module
includes a registry of available browsers, in case
multiple options are available on the system. It can also
be controlled with the BROWSER environment variable.
webbrowser

import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('http://docs.python.org/lib/module-webbrowser.html')
Example-
To open a page in the browser, we use
open() function.

The OS module in Python provides functions for
interacting with the operating system. OS comes under
Python’s standard utility modules. This module provides
a portable way of using operating system-dependent
functionality.
OS

1. os.remove() - os.remove() method in Python is used to
remove or delete a file path. This method can not remove
or delete a directory.
2. os.mkdir() - os.mkdir() method in Python is used to create
a directory named path with the specified numeric mode.
The *os* and *os.path* modules include many
functions to interact with the file system. Some
functions are-

3. os.listdir()- os.listdir() method in Python is
used to get the list of all files and
directories in the specified directory. If we
don’t specify any directory, then list of files
and directories in the current working
directory will be returned.

Tkinter is a graphical user interface (GUI) module
for Python, you can make desktop apps with Python
and can develop GUI applications like calculator,
login system, text editor, etc.
Tkinter

Tkinter provides various controls, such as buttons,
labels and text boxes used in a GUI application.
These controls are commonly called widgets.
Tkinter Widgets

Important method of Tkinter
This method is used to start the application.
The mainloop() function is an infinite loop which is used to
run the application, it will wait for an event to
occur and process the event as long as the window is not
closed.
2. The mainloop() Function:-
This method is mainly used to create the main window.
1. Tk(screenName=None, baseName=None, className='Tk', useTk=1) :-

Random
The random module is a built-in module to
generate the pseudo random variables. It can
be used to perform some action randomly
such as to get a random number, selecting a
random elements from a list, shuffle elements
randomly, etc.

Method of Random
seed()- It initialize the random number generator.
getstate()- It returns the current internal state of
the random number generator.
setstate()- It restores the internal state of the
random number generator.

Method of Random
choices()- It returns a list with a element from the
given sequence.
randint()- It returns a random number between the
given range.

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Python Libraries and Modules

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