VOLUME 6, NUMBER 3 3RD QUARTER, 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The State of the Internet
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The Akamai State of the Internet report for Q3 2013 highlights a 1.1% increase in unique IPv4 addresses, a 10% global rise in average connection speed, and ongoing issues with attack traffic, particularly from China. The report also notes significant adoption of IPv6, with Romania leading among countries and a 31% rise in broadband adoption globally. Additionally, it provides insights into mobile data traffic growth and the impact of real user monitoring on improving web performance.
VOLUME 6, NUMBER 3 3RD QUARTER, 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The State of the Internet
- 1. Acknowledgements EDITOR: David Belson CONTRIBUTOR: Jon Thompson CONTRIBUTOR: Svante Bergqvist (Ericsson) ART DIRECTOR: Brendan O’Hara CONTRIBUTOR: Martin Mckeay CONTRIBUTOR: Mathias Sintorn (Ericsson) GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Carolynn DeCillo CONTRIBUTOR: Michael Smith CONTRIBUTOR: Geoff Huston (APNIC) Please send comments, questions, and corrections to stateoftheinternet@akamai.com Follow @akamai and @akamai_soti on VOLUME 6, NUMBER 3 The State of the Internet 3RD QUARTER, 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Akamai® is the leading cloud platform for helping enterprises provide secure, high-performing online experiences on any device, anywhere. At the core of the company’s solutions is the Akamai Intelligent Platform™ providing extensive reach, coupled with unmatched reliability, security, visibility and expertise. Akamai removes the complexities of connecting the increasingly mobile world, supporting 24/7 consumer demand, and enabling enterprises to securely leverage the cloud. To learn more about how Akamai is accelerating the pace of innovation in a hyperconnected world, please visit www.akamai.com and follow @Akamai on Twitter. Akamai is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts in the United States with operations in more than 40 offices around the world. Our services and renowned customer care are designed to enable businesses to provide an unparalleled Internet experience for their customers worldwide. Addresses, phone numbers and contact information for all locations are listed on www.akamai.com/locations. ©2014 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. Akamai and the Akamai wave logo are registered trademarks. Other trademarks contained herein are the property of their respective owners. Akamai believes that the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date; such information is subject to change without notice. Published 01/14. INCLUDES INSIGHT ON MOBILE TRAFFIC AND CONNECTED DEVICES FROM ERICSSON
- 2. Executive Summary Akamai’s globally-distributed Intelligent Platform allows us to gather massive amounts of information on many metrics, including connection speeds, attack traffic, network connectivity/availability issues, and IPv6 growth/transition progress, as well as traffic patterns across leading Web properties and digital media providers. Each quarter, Akamai publishes the State of the Internet Report. This quarter’s report includes data gathered from across Internet and Broadband Adoption the Akamai Intelligent Platform in the third quarter of 2013, In the third quarter, Akamai observed a 1.1% increase in the covering attack traffic, Internet connection speeds and number of unique IPv4 addresses connecting to the Akamai broadband adoption, and mobile connectivity, as well as trends Intelligent Platform, growing to just under 761 million, or about seen in this data over time. In addition, this edition of the report 8 million more than were seen in the second quarter of 2013. includes insight into ongoing Syrian Electronic Army attacks, the Looking at connection speeds, the global average connection states of IPv4 exhaustion and IPv6 adoption, Internet disruptions speed grew 10% to 3.6 Mbps, but the global average peak that occurred during the quarter, and observations from Akamai connection speed declined 5.2% to 17.9 Mbps. At a country partner Ericsson regarding data and voice traffic growth on level, South Korea had the highest average connection speed mobile networks. at 22.1 Mbps, while Hong Kong continued to have the highest average peak connection speed at 65.4 Mbps. Globally, high Security During the third quarter of 2013, Akamai observed attack traffic originating from source IP addresses in 185 unique countries/ regions. Note that our methodology captures the source IP address of an observed attack and cannot determine attribution of an attacker. China regained the top slot, growing to 35% of observed attack traffic. After spiking over the last several broadband (>10 Mbps) adoption jumped 31% to 19%, and South Korea remained the country with the highest level of high Where do we find the highest levels of IPv6 adoption? Country/Region 1 Romania 2 Switzerland 3 France 4 Luxembourg 5 United States 6 Germany 7 Peru 8 Belgium 9 Ireland 10 Japan 7.3% 7.0% 5.0% 4.9% 4.2% 4.1% 3.9% 3.8% 3.8% 1.9% taken steps to adopt IPv6? Are your key Web sites and applications available to users over IPv6? broadband adoption, growing to 70%. Global broadband (>4 Mbps) adoption grew 5.8% quarter-over-quarter to 53%, with South Korea taking the top slot for this metric as well, with an How can Real User Monitoring improve situational performance? adoption rate of 93%. “Situational performance” requires new thinking about how 20% of observed attack traffic during the quarter. In addition to In the third quarter of 2013, average connection speeds on China’s increase, the United States also saw significant growth surveyed mobile network providers ranged from a high of 9.5 in observed attack traffic, responsible for 11%. Overall attack Mbps down to a low of 0.6 Mbps. Average peak connection traffic concentration across the top 10 countries/regions was speeds ranged from 49.8 Mbps down to 2.4 Mbps. Based on on par with the second quarter, up slightly to 83% of observed traffic data collected by Ericsson, the volume of mobile data attacks. Along with the decline in observed attacks originating traffic increased by 80% from the third quarter of 2012 to in Indonesia, the percentage of attacks targeting Ports 80 and the third quarter of 2013, and grew around 10% between 443 declined in the second quarter as well, accounting for just the second and third quarters of 2013. Asia Asia Asia Asia Europe Europe N. America S. America S. America China India Japan Malaysia Italy U.K. U.S. Brazil Chile 4121 ms 5887 ms 1798 ms 4586 ms 2850 ms 3481 ms 2794 ms 6086 ms 4616 ms just over 70% of the reported attacks. In addition, a group known as the Syrian Electronic Army continued its attacks, compromising domain name registrations to redirect traffic away from legitimate sites. IPv6 Traffic Percentage, Top Colleges/Universities Brazil, Australia, Canada, the Czech Republic, and the United States showing some of the highest levels of IPv6 adoption. Have you Country Enterprise and Commerce customers together accounted for 80% 66% 65% 48% 48% 47% 45% 44% 39% 39% exhausting its available IPv4 address space pool. In addition, colleges and universities are early adopters of IPv6, with schools in Continent by 281 DDoS attacks, an 11% reduction from the prior quarter. Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (Brazil) Brno University of Technology (Czech Republic) Gustavus Adolphus College (U.S.) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (U.S.) University of Waterloo (Canada) Virginia Tech (U.S.) Marist College (U.S.) University of Saskatchewan (Canada) University of Vermont (U.S.) Curtin University (Australia) Interestingly, Japan was the only Asia Pacific country within the top 10, which is surprising, given that the region is closest to Mobile Connectivity the third quarter, Akamai customers reported being targeted Q3’13 IPv6 Traffic % In the third quarter, the countries with the highest levels of IPv6 adoption as observed by Akamai were largely clustered in Europe. quarters, Indonesia’s share fell by nearly half, as it originated the most-targeted port, growing to 23% of attacks. During 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 IPv6 Traffic Percentage, Top Countries/Regions Avg. Page Load Time-Broadband over 27% combined. Port 445 returned to its position in as Country/Region Q3’13 IPv6 Traffic % Avg. Page Load Time-Mobile Mobile Penalty 4141 ms 8705 ms 2992 ms 6391 ms 3820 ms 5285 ms 4410 ms 12304 ms 7121 ms 1.0x 1.5x 1.7x 1.4x 1.3x 1.5x 1.6x 2.0x 1.5x Average Page Load Times Based on Real User Monitoring to measure the end user experience and seamlessly apply this insight into optimizing content for each unique user situation. Real User Monitoring (RUM) takes passive performance measurements from actual users of a Web experience to provide insight into performance across devices and networks. Average page load times, measured across selected Akamai customers using RUM, range from being roughly even across mobile and broadband connections in China to being twice as slow over mobile in Brazil. How are you measuring and optimizing the end user experience for your Web sites and applications? Analysis of Akamai IO data collected across the third quarter from a sample of requests to the Akamai Intelligent Platform indicates that, for users of devices on cellular networks, just over 50% more requests came from Android Webkit-based browsers than from Apple Mobile Safari, with Webkit accounting for almost 38% of requests, and less than 24% for Safari. However, for users of mobile devices across all networks (not just cellular), Apple Mobile Safari accounted for just over 47% of requests, with Android Webkit approximately two-thirds of that, at just over 33% of requests. © 2014 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved To read the full 3nd Quarter, 2013 State of the Internet Report on broadband adoption, connection speeds, Internet penetration, mobile usage, attack traffic, and more, or to use the associated data visualization tools, go to: www.akamai.com/stateoftheinternet © 2014 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved
- 3. Executive Summary Akamai’s globally-distributed Intelligent Platform allows us to gather massive amounts of information on many metrics, including connection speeds, attack traffic, network connectivity/availability issues, and IPv6 growth/transition progress, as well as traffic patterns across leading Web properties and digital media providers. Each quarter, Akamai publishes the State of the Internet Report. This quarter’s report includes data gathered from across Internet and Broadband Adoption the Akamai Intelligent Platform in the third quarter of 2013, In the third quarter, Akamai observed a 1.1% increase in the covering attack traffic, Internet connection speeds and number of unique IPv4 addresses connecting to the Akamai broadband adoption, and mobile connectivity, as well as trends Intelligent Platform, growing to just under 761 million, or about seen in this data over time. In addition, this edition of the report 8 million more than were seen in the second quarter of 2013. includes insight into ongoing Syrian Electronic Army attacks, the Looking at connection speeds, the global average connection states of IPv4 exhaustion and IPv6 adoption, Internet disruptions speed grew 10% to 3.6 Mbps, but the global average peak that occurred during the quarter, and observations from Akamai connection speed declined 5.2% to 17.9 Mbps. At a country partner Ericsson regarding data and voice traffic growth on level, South Korea had the highest average connection speed mobile networks. at 22.1 Mbps, while Hong Kong continued to have the highest average peak connection speed at 65.4 Mbps. Globally, high Security During the third quarter of 2013, Akamai observed attack traffic originating from source IP addresses in 185 unique countries/ regions. Note that our methodology captures the source IP address of an observed attack and cannot determine attribution of an attacker. China regained the top slot, growing to 35% of observed attack traffic. After spiking over the last several broadband (>10 Mbps) adoption jumped 31% to 19%, and South Korea remained the country with the highest level of high Where do we find the highest levels of IPv6 adoption? Country/Region 1 Romania 2 Switzerland 3 France 4 Luxembourg 5 United States 6 Germany 7 Peru 8 Belgium 9 Ireland 10 Japan 7.3% 7.0% 5.0% 4.9% 4.2% 4.1% 3.9% 3.8% 3.8% 1.9% taken steps to adopt IPv6? Are your key Web sites and applications available to users over IPv6? broadband adoption, growing to 70%. Global broadband (>4 Mbps) adoption grew 5.8% quarter-over-quarter to 53%, with South Korea taking the top slot for this metric as well, with an How can Real User Monitoring improve situational performance? adoption rate of 93%. “Situational performance” requires new thinking about how 20% of observed attack traffic during the quarter. In addition to In the third quarter of 2013, average connection speeds on China’s increase, the United States also saw significant growth surveyed mobile network providers ranged from a high of 9.5 in observed attack traffic, responsible for 11%. Overall attack Mbps down to a low of 0.6 Mbps. Average peak connection traffic concentration across the top 10 countries/regions was speeds ranged from 49.8 Mbps down to 2.4 Mbps. Based on on par with the second quarter, up slightly to 83% of observed traffic data collected by Ericsson, the volume of mobile data attacks. Along with the decline in observed attacks originating traffic increased by 80% from the third quarter of 2012 to in Indonesia, the percentage of attacks targeting Ports 80 and the third quarter of 2013, and grew around 10% between 443 declined in the second quarter as well, accounting for just the second and third quarters of 2013. Asia Asia Asia Asia Europe Europe N. America S. America S. America China India Japan Malaysia Italy U.K. U.S. Brazil Chile 4121 ms 5887 ms 1798 ms 4586 ms 2850 ms 3481 ms 2794 ms 6086 ms 4616 ms just over 70% of the reported attacks. In addition, a group known as the Syrian Electronic Army continued its attacks, compromising domain name registrations to redirect traffic away from legitimate sites. IPv6 Traffic Percentage, Top Colleges/Universities Brazil, Australia, Canada, the Czech Republic, and the United States showing some of the highest levels of IPv6 adoption. Have you Country Enterprise and Commerce customers together accounted for 80% 66% 65% 48% 48% 47% 45% 44% 39% 39% exhausting its available IPv4 address space pool. In addition, colleges and universities are early adopters of IPv6, with schools in Continent by 281 DDoS attacks, an 11% reduction from the prior quarter. Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (Brazil) Brno University of Technology (Czech Republic) Gustavus Adolphus College (U.S.) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (U.S.) University of Waterloo (Canada) Virginia Tech (U.S.) Marist College (U.S.) University of Saskatchewan (Canada) University of Vermont (U.S.) Curtin University (Australia) Interestingly, Japan was the only Asia Pacific country within the top 10, which is surprising, given that the region is closest to Mobile Connectivity the third quarter, Akamai customers reported being targeted Q3’13 IPv6 Traffic % In the third quarter, the countries with the highest levels of IPv6 adoption as observed by Akamai were largely clustered in Europe. quarters, Indonesia’s share fell by nearly half, as it originated the most-targeted port, growing to 23% of attacks. During 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 IPv6 Traffic Percentage, Top Countries/Regions Avg. Page Load Time-Broadband over 27% combined. Port 445 returned to its position in as Country/Region Q3’13 IPv6 Traffic % Avg. Page Load Time-Mobile Mobile Penalty 4141 ms 8705 ms 2992 ms 6391 ms 3820 ms 5285 ms 4410 ms 12304 ms 7121 ms 1.0x 1.5x 1.7x 1.4x 1.3x 1.5x 1.6x 2.0x 1.5x Average Page Load Times Based on Real User Monitoring to measure the end user experience and seamlessly apply this insight into optimizing content for each unique user situation. Real User Monitoring (RUM) takes passive performance measurements from actual users of a Web experience to provide insight into performance across devices and networks. Average page load times, measured across selected Akamai customers using RUM, range from being roughly even across mobile and broadband connections in China to being twice as slow over mobile in Brazil. How are you measuring and optimizing the end user experience for your Web sites and applications? Analysis of Akamai IO data collected across the third quarter from a sample of requests to the Akamai Intelligent Platform indicates that, for users of devices on cellular networks, just over 50% more requests came from Android Webkit-based browsers than from Apple Mobile Safari, with Webkit accounting for almost 38% of requests, and less than 24% for Safari. However, for users of mobile devices across all networks (not just cellular), Apple Mobile Safari accounted for just over 47% of requests, with Android Webkit approximately two-thirds of that, at just over 33% of requests. © 2014 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved To read the full 3nd Quarter, 2013 State of the Internet Report on broadband adoption, connection speeds, Internet penetration, mobile usage, attack traffic, and more, or to use the associated data visualization tools, go to: www.akamai.com/stateoftheinternet © 2014 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved
- 4. Acknowledgements EDITOR: David Belson CONTRIBUTOR: Jon Thompson CONTRIBUTOR: Svante Bergqvist (Ericsson) ART DIRECTOR: Brendan O’Hara CONTRIBUTOR: Martin Mckeay CONTRIBUTOR: Mathias Sintorn (Ericsson) GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Carolynn DeCillo CONTRIBUTOR: Michael Smith CONTRIBUTOR: Geoff Huston (APNIC) Please send comments, questions, and corrections to stateoftheinternet@akamai.com Follow @akamai and @akamai_soti on VOLUME 6, NUMBER 3 The State of the Internet 3RD QUARTER, 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Akamai® is the leading cloud platform for helping enterprises provide secure, high-performing online experiences on any device, anywhere. At the core of the company’s solutions is the Akamai Intelligent Platform™ providing extensive reach, coupled with unmatched reliability, security, visibility and expertise. Akamai removes the complexities of connecting the increasingly mobile world, supporting 24/7 consumer demand, and enabling enterprises to securely leverage the cloud. To learn more about how Akamai is accelerating the pace of innovation in a hyperconnected world, please visit www.akamai.com and follow @Akamai on Twitter. Akamai is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts in the United States with operations in more than 40 offices around the world. Our services and renowned customer care are designed to enable businesses to provide an unparalleled Internet experience for their customers worldwide. Addresses, phone numbers and contact information for all locations are listed on www.akamai.com/locations. ©2014 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. Akamai and the Akamai wave logo are registered trademarks. Other trademarks contained herein are the property of their respective owners. Akamai believes that the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date; such information is subject to change without notice. Published 01/14. INCLUDES INSIGHT ON MOBILE TRAFFIC AND CONNECTED DEVICES FROM ERICSSON