Quantum Computer-a future approach in computing
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The document discusses quantum computers as a future approach to computing, highlighting their significance due to the limitations of classical computers as per Moore's law. It outlines the differences between classical and quantum computing, emphasizing concepts like qubits, superposition, entanglement, and tunneling. Additionally, it addresses challenges in building quantum computers and their potential for revolutionary applications in various fields such as artificial intelligence, cryptography, and more.
![“The world is running out of computing
capacity. Moore’s law is kinda running
out of steam … [we need quantum
computing to] create all of these rich
experiences we talk about, all of this
artificial intelligence.”
Satya Nadella , Microsoft CEO](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/atlast-grandfinale-qc-ppt-191212132911/85/Quantum-Computer-a-future-approach-in-computing-7-320.jpg)
Quantum Computer-a future approach in computing
- 1. Quantum Computer A FUTURE APPROACH IN COMPUTING
- 2. “Not only is the Universe stranger than we think, it is stranger than we can think.” Werner Heisenberg
- 3. WHAT IS COMPUTING? Calculation of data or any activity that uses computers to generate output.
- 4. WHY DO WE NEED QUANTUM COMPUTERS
- 5. Moore’s Law “The number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles every 18 months and will continue for at least a decade.” Gordon Moore , 1997 It’s expected that the Moore’s law will end by 2025.
- 7. “The world is running out of computing capacity. Moore’s law is kinda running out of steam … [we need quantum computing to] create all of these rich experiences we talk about, all of this artificial intelligence.” Satya Nadella , Microsoft CEO
- 8. What is a quantum computer? “Quantum computer is a device which makes the use of the quantum states of subatomic particles to store information.”
- 9. Performs calculations based on the probability of an object's state before it is measured.
- 12. How quantum computers are different from Classical computers?
- 13. CLASSICAL COMPUTERS Based on the classical phenomenon of electrical circuits, that is either on or off at a time. QUANTUM COMPUTERS Based on the phenomenon of quantum mechanics such as quantum entanglement, superposition and quantum tunneling. The circuit behavior is governed by classical physics. Information storage and manipulation is based on “bit”, which is based on voltage or charge; low is 0 and high is 1. Information storage and manipulation is based on Quantum Bit or “qubit”, which is based on the spin of electron or polarization of a single photon. The circuit behavior is governed by quantum physics or quantum mechanics.
- 14. “A classical computation is like a solo voice— one line of pure tones succeeding each other. A quantum computation is like a symphony— many lines of tones interfering with one another.” Seth Lloyd
- 15. Quantum Bits
- 16. Typically subatomic particles such as electrons, protons or photons. Qu-bit = 2^q bits.
- 17. Fundamental properties of Qu-bits SUPERPOSITION ENTANGLEMENT TUNNELLING
- 19. BASIC PHENOMENON OF QUANTUM MECHANICS
- 21. The property of being able to exist in multiple states is called superposition.
- 22. For 2 qubits, there are 4 possible states. For 3, there are 8 and so on as according to 2^n.
- 23. BUT, what is the result when a qubit is observed?
- 25. Can be defined as a phenomenon that means pairs or groups, of particles, cannot be described independently of each other – they are entangled. Their states depend on that of other particles in a group. “Spooky action at a distance." Albert Einstein
- 26. Thanks to entanglement, qu-bits can hold up to two bits of data and transmit data between qu-bits up to 1200 km apart.
- 28. Quantum tunnelling is the quantum-mechanical effect of transitioning through a classically- forbidden energy state.
- 29. Quantum Tunnelling is what gives the quantum computers the potential to perform tasks a classical computer simply could not do.
- 30. Scope of Quantum computers
- 31. Shor’s algorithm. Breaking cryptographic systems
- 32. Artificial Intelligence Calculating the probabilities for many possible choices. finding the most suitable solution
- 33. FINANCIAL MODELING WEATHER FORECAST
- 35. NO EXTERNAL NOISE/INTERFERENCE Extremely sensitive, any external change can collapse super position. Also defined as DECOHERENCE.
- 36. EXTREMELY LOW TEMPERATURE To achieve superconductivity, theoretically minimum possible temperature is required. D-wave system works on the temperature of 0.015 Kelvin above absolute zero.
- 37. EXTREMELY LOW PRESSURE Very low pressure is required so that qubits can function without any disturbance. D-Wave system, the first practical quantum computer has 10 billion times less pressure than the atmosphere.
- 38. EXTREMELY WEAK MAGNETIC FIELD Protection against magnetic field is required to protect qubits from external magnetic interference. D-Wave system is shielded to 50000x less than Earth’s magnetic field.
- 39. SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT QUANTUM COMPUTERS
- 40. MINDBLOWING COMPUTING POWER A quantum computer containing more than 50 qubits can beat any super computer in terms of computation power. Recently GOOGLE claimed that its quantum computer containing only 53 qubits has completed a task only in 200 seconds that ordinary computers require 10000 years to do!
- 41. CALCULATING PROBABILITY IBM’s Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov, chess grandmaster because it could calculate 22 million moves per second. With a quantum computer, these calculations would be 1 TRILLION per second
- 42. ANOTHER THING TO KEEP IN MIND Quantum computers will not replace Classical computers
- 43. “Nature is not classical , dammit, and if you want to make a simulation of nature you’d better make it quantum mechanical, and by golly, it’s a wonderful problem because it does not look easy.” Richard Feynman, 1981
- 44. Resources Wikipedia Quantum computing 101(uwaterloo) https://www.sciencealert.com/ https://www.ibm.com/ https://medium.com/ https://superposition.com/ https://www.sciencedaily.com/ https://www.weforum.org/ https://computer.howstuffworks.com/ https://www.dwavesys.com/ https://www.technologyreview.com/ https://www.researchgate.net/ https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/physics-behind-quantum-computers-entanglement
- 47. ANY QUERY