Regional Integration
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The document discusses the history and goals of regional integration in the Caribbean through CARICOM. It outlines previous attempts at integration through the British West Indies Federation in 1958 and CARIFTA in 1965. CARICOM was established in 1973 to promote political, economic, and functional cooperation among Caribbean countries. Its main objectives are improving economic development through free trade and coordinating policies across member states.
Regional Integration
- 1. REGIONAL CARICOM 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden INTEGRATION
- 2. REGIONAL INTEGRATION Background to CARICOM 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 3. Types of Co-operation Co-operation in the home Co-operation in the community Co-operation at the national level 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 4. Definition of Terms Regional – a bloc or geographic region/area that have things in common. Integration – coming together for a common purpose. CARICOM – Caribbean Community and Common Market. Bi-lateral Agreement – trade agreement between two companies or countries.
- 5. Definition of Terms Multi-lateral Agreement – trade agreement among Multi-lateral – trade agreement among several companies or countries. MDC’s – More Developed Countries (Guyana, Barbados, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and the Bahamas. LCD – Less Developed Countries (Leeward and Windward Islands)
- 6. What is Integration? The idea of integration suggests unity and teamwork. The term integration means “to bring or come into equal membership”. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 7. Do you think integration is important? 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 8. Why Caribbean Integration? To bring about POLITICAL UNITY – the co-ordination of foreign policy among the independent member states To bring about ECONOMIC UNITY – economic co-operation through the Caribbean Common Market To bring about FUNCTIONAL CO-OPERATION – to encourage co-operation among member states in areas of health, education, law, disaster relief, agriculture, culture, communication, financing and industrial relations. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 9. Why is this attempt by Caribbean countries at integration important? Individual countries are too small Resources of member states limited Individual states encounter similar problem with trading partners Similar background – historically, culturally and people wise. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 10. Previous Attempts at Integration 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 11. From Federation to CARIFTA 1 st attempt made in 1958. Called the British West Indies Federation It consisted of ten territories W.I. Federation was a political union with a Federal Govt. consisting of M.P. elected by the people of all member islands. W.I. Federation collapsed in 1962. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 12. Aim of Federation To strengthen the movements for self government To promote economic development To safeguard the democratic system of government. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 13. Achievements of Federation Federation facilitated the movement from colonialism to independence through a united voice. The coming together of small states strengthened their effectiveness in dealing with international bodies such as the United Nation. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 14. Federation Or Failure 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 15. Why did Federation Collapsed? The masses were not educated on the importance of Federation Communication among islands including shipping, telephone, and postal services was inefficient Envy and jealousy among member states Distrust by the smaller states of the larger members’ (Ja. & T’dad) proposal to prematurely change the constitution of the Federation. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 16. What was the final nail that was driven in Federation’s coffin? Jamaica referendum on Federation. The PNP supported it; the JLP opposed it. Jamaican people voted to withdraw from the union. Dr. Eric William’s now famous statement summed up the demise of Federation: “ ten minus one equals zero”. JAMAICA “KILLED” THE W.I. FEDERATION 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 17. CARIFTA Decision to create CARIFTA (Caribbean Free Trade Area) was signed by Antigua, B’dos and Guyana in 1965 ( three years later).Came fully into being in 1968. Aim of CARIFTA – to foster economic and social development by encouraging free trade among member states. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 18. What happened to CARIFTA? It metamorphisized – it changed into something else Unlike Federation, CARIFTA did not fail! Member states started to see benefits, so they decided to expand and deepen co-orperation by forming CARICOM in 1973 . 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 19. Establishing CARICOM The Caribbean Community and Common Market was established on July 4, 1973 with the signing of the Treaty of Chaguaramas (T’dad) Original signatories were B’dos, T’dad, Jamaica and Guyana. The Treaty of Chaguaramas came into effect on August 1, 1973. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 20. Additional members Less developed countries signed the treaty on April 17, 1974; Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, St. Lucia, & St. Vincent. Others joined later on. Non-English –speaking members joined later on; Surinam in 1995 & Haiti in 1997. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 21. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 22. Main Objectives of Caricom 1. Improve economic development of member states through the introduction of free trade (now called the CSME –Caribbean Single Market and Economy). 2. Functional co-operation in shipping, air transport, meteorology, health, technical assistance, education & training, culture and broadcasting. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 23. 3. Common policies in dealing with non- member states. 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
- 24. THE END 01/04/10 Presented by D. Gooden
Editor's Notes
- #3: The main theme running through the idea of regional integration is co-operation. Therefore in order to fully understand and appreciate the importance of these efforts at integration, , a review at all levels is important.
- #4: Co-operation in the home – sharing of household duties such as cooking, washing, cleaning, looking after the young or the aged etc. Co-operation in the community – neighbourhood watch, formation of sports groups, assistance at weddings and funerals, self-help programmes etc. Co-operation at the national level – assisting the police in their investigations, national tree planting day, labour day activities, preserving the environment etc.
- #8: Integration is important because together we can do so much more than if we were to work independently. Imagine everyone in your family doing their own thing. Or community members doing their own thing without concern for the other person. Or people in leadership position throughout Jamaica doing their own thing without concern for the impact that their actions will have on the nation. The result would be total chaos in the family, the community and the nation. Teamwork then is important because together, we can solve problems, work out differences and work the betterment of the whole (that is, family, community and nation).
- #12: Antigua, Barbados, British Guiana, Dominica, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts/Nevis, St. Vincent, St. Lucia and Trinidad and Tobago
- #14: Jamaica gained independence in 1962 Trinidad and Tobago gained independence in 1962 Guyana gained independence in 1966