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GraphAware®
RELEVANT SEARCH
LEVERAGING KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS
WITH NEO4J
Alessandro Negro

Chief Scientist @ GraphAware
graphaware.com

@graph_aware, @AlessandroNegro
‣ The rise of Knowledge Graphs
‣ Relevant Search
‣ Knowledge Graphs for e-Commerce
‣ Infrastructure
‣ Conclusions
OUTLINE
GraphAware®
“Knowledge graphs provide contextual windows
into master data domains and the links between
domains”
KNOWLEDGE GRAPH
CONNECTING THE DOTS
GraphAware®
The Forrester Wave, Master Data Management
THE RISE OF
KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS
GraphAware®
E-Commerce
‣ Many data sources
‣ Marketing strategies
‣ Business goals
‣ Category hierarchies
‣ Searches

Enterprise Networks
‣ Uncover new opportunities, hidden leads



Finance
‣ Textual corpora such as financial
documents contain a wealth of
knowledge
‣ Structured knowledge of entities and
relationships
Medicine & Health
‣ Dynamic ontologies where data is
categorized and organised around
people, places, things and events
‣ Patterns in disease progression, causal
relations involving disease and
symptoms, new relationships previously
unrecognised

Criminal Investigation & Intelligence
‣ Obfuscated information
‣ Traceability to sources of information
GraphAware®
THE RISE OF
KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS
DATA SPARSITY

PROBLEM
GraphAware®
Collaborative Filtering
‣ Cold Start
Content Based Recommendation
‣ Missing Data
‣ Wrong Data

Text Search
‣ User agnostic
‣ Relevant Search













KNOWLEDGE GRAPH:
DATA CONVERGENCE
GraphAware®
RELEVANT SEARCH
GraphAware®
“Relevance is the practice of improving search
results for users by satisfying their information
needs in the context of a particular user
experience, while balancing how ranking
impacts business’s needs.”
RELEVANT SEARCH
DIMENSIONS
GraphAware®
KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS

THE MODEL
Search architecture must be able to handle highly heterogenous data
Knowledge Graphs represent the information structure for relevant search
Graphs are the right representation for:
‣ Information Extraction
‣ Recommendation Engines
‣ Context Representation
‣ Rule Engine
Critical aspects and peculiarities:
‣ Defined and controlled set of searchable Items
‣ Multiple category hierarchies
‣ Marketing strategy
‣ User feedback and interactions
‣ Supplier information
‣ Business constraints
THE USE CASE

E-COMMERCE
GraphAware®
→ Text search and catalog navigation as Sales People
KNOWLEDGE GRAPH

FOR E-COMMERCE
GraphAware®
INFRASTRUCTURE

A 10K-FOOT VIEW
GraphAware®
A graph centric approach
THE DATA FLOW
GraphAware®
‣ Async data ingestion
‣ Data Pipeline
‣ Single Neo4j Writer
‣ Microservice approach for
isolation and scalability
‣ Event notification
‣ Multiple views exported into
Elasticsearch
THE NEO4J ROLES
GraphAware®
‣ Single source of truth
‣ Cleansing
‣ Fast access to connected data
‣ Query
‣ Knowledge Graph store
‣ Merging External Data
‣ Existing Data Augmentation
Natural Language Processing
‣ Unsupervised Topic Identification
‣ Word2Vec
‣ Clustering (Label Propagation)
EXTERNALISE INTENSE
PROCESSES
GraphAware®
Recommendation model building
‣ Content-Based
‣ Collaborative Filtering (internal and
external)
Fast, Reliable and Easy-to-tune textual searches
‣ Multiple views for multiple scopes:
‣ Catalog Navigation and Search
‣ Faceting
‣ Product details page
‣ Product variants aggregation
‣ Autocomplete
‣ Suggestion
THE ELASTICSEARCH
ROLES
GraphAware®
→ It is not used as a database
Any components of relevance-scoring calculation
corresponding to a meaningful and measurable
information

Two techniques to control relevancy:
‣ Signal Modeling
‣ Ranking Function
Note: balance precision and recall
Multiple sources
CRAFTING

SIGNALS
GraphAware®
→ Users as a new source of information
GraphAware®
Profile-based personalisation:
‣ Explicit: Users provide profile
information
‣ Implicit: Profile created from user
interactions

Behavioural-Based personalisation
‣ Focus on User-Item Interaction
‣ Make explicit the relationships
among users and items
PERSONALISING

SEARCH
Tying personalisation back to search
‣ Query-time personalisation
‣ Index-time personalisation
→ Search for things, not for strings
CONCEPT

SEARCH
GraphAware®
Basic Approaches:
‣ Concept field (Manual Tagging)
‣ Synonyms

Content Augmentation (ML based)
‣ Co-occurrence
‣ Latent Semantic Analysis
‣ Latent Dirichlet Allocation
‣ Word2Vec
COMBINED SEARCH
APPROACHES
GraphAware®
Knowledge Graphs can
‣ store easy-to-query model
‣ gather data from multiple sources
‣ be easily extended

Search Engines can
‣ provide fast, reliable and easy-to-
tune textual search
‣ provide features like faceting,
autocomplete
CONCLUSION
GraphAware®
→ By combining them, it is possible to offer an unlimited
set of services to the end users
www.graphaware.com

@graph_aware
GraphAware
GraphAware®
world’s #1 Neo4j consultancy

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Relevant Search Leveraging Knowledge Graphs with Neo4j

  • 1. GraphAware® RELEVANT SEARCH LEVERAGING KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS WITH NEO4J Alessandro Negro
 Chief Scientist @ GraphAware graphaware.com
 @graph_aware, @AlessandroNegro
  • 2. ‣ The rise of Knowledge Graphs ‣ Relevant Search ‣ Knowledge Graphs for e-Commerce ‣ Infrastructure ‣ Conclusions OUTLINE GraphAware®
  • 3. “Knowledge graphs provide contextual windows into master data domains and the links between domains” KNOWLEDGE GRAPH CONNECTING THE DOTS GraphAware® The Forrester Wave, Master Data Management
  • 4. THE RISE OF KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS GraphAware® E-Commerce ‣ Many data sources ‣ Marketing strategies ‣ Business goals ‣ Category hierarchies ‣ Searches
 Enterprise Networks ‣ Uncover new opportunities, hidden leads
 
 Finance ‣ Textual corpora such as financial documents contain a wealth of knowledge ‣ Structured knowledge of entities and relationships
  • 5. Medicine & Health ‣ Dynamic ontologies where data is categorized and organised around people, places, things and events ‣ Patterns in disease progression, causal relations involving disease and symptoms, new relationships previously unrecognised
 Criminal Investigation & Intelligence ‣ Obfuscated information ‣ Traceability to sources of information GraphAware® THE RISE OF KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS
  • 6. DATA SPARSITY
 PROBLEM GraphAware® Collaborative Filtering ‣ Cold Start Content Based Recommendation ‣ Missing Data ‣ Wrong Data
 Text Search ‣ User agnostic ‣ Relevant Search
 
 
 
 
 
 

  • 8. RELEVANT SEARCH GraphAware® “Relevance is the practice of improving search results for users by satisfying their information needs in the context of a particular user experience, while balancing how ranking impacts business’s needs.”
  • 10. KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS
 THE MODEL Search architecture must be able to handle highly heterogenous data Knowledge Graphs represent the information structure for relevant search Graphs are the right representation for: ‣ Information Extraction ‣ Recommendation Engines ‣ Context Representation ‣ Rule Engine
  • 11. Critical aspects and peculiarities: ‣ Defined and controlled set of searchable Items ‣ Multiple category hierarchies ‣ Marketing strategy ‣ User feedback and interactions ‣ Supplier information ‣ Business constraints THE USE CASE
 E-COMMERCE GraphAware® → Text search and catalog navigation as Sales People
  • 14. A graph centric approach THE DATA FLOW GraphAware® ‣ Async data ingestion ‣ Data Pipeline ‣ Single Neo4j Writer ‣ Microservice approach for isolation and scalability ‣ Event notification ‣ Multiple views exported into Elasticsearch
  • 15. THE NEO4J ROLES GraphAware® ‣ Single source of truth ‣ Cleansing ‣ Fast access to connected data ‣ Query ‣ Knowledge Graph store ‣ Merging External Data ‣ Existing Data Augmentation
  • 16. Natural Language Processing ‣ Unsupervised Topic Identification ‣ Word2Vec ‣ Clustering (Label Propagation) EXTERNALISE INTENSE PROCESSES GraphAware® Recommendation model building ‣ Content-Based ‣ Collaborative Filtering (internal and external)
  • 17. Fast, Reliable and Easy-to-tune textual searches ‣ Multiple views for multiple scopes: ‣ Catalog Navigation and Search ‣ Faceting ‣ Product details page ‣ Product variants aggregation ‣ Autocomplete ‣ Suggestion THE ELASTICSEARCH ROLES GraphAware® → It is not used as a database
  • 18. Any components of relevance-scoring calculation corresponding to a meaningful and measurable information
 Two techniques to control relevancy: ‣ Signal Modeling ‣ Ranking Function Note: balance precision and recall Multiple sources CRAFTING
 SIGNALS GraphAware®
  • 19. → Users as a new source of information GraphAware® Profile-based personalisation: ‣ Explicit: Users provide profile information ‣ Implicit: Profile created from user interactions
 Behavioural-Based personalisation ‣ Focus on User-Item Interaction ‣ Make explicit the relationships among users and items PERSONALISING
 SEARCH Tying personalisation back to search ‣ Query-time personalisation ‣ Index-time personalisation
  • 20. → Search for things, not for strings CONCEPT
 SEARCH GraphAware® Basic Approaches: ‣ Concept field (Manual Tagging) ‣ Synonyms
 Content Augmentation (ML based) ‣ Co-occurrence ‣ Latent Semantic Analysis ‣ Latent Dirichlet Allocation ‣ Word2Vec
  • 22. Knowledge Graphs can ‣ store easy-to-query model ‣ gather data from multiple sources ‣ be easily extended
 Search Engines can ‣ provide fast, reliable and easy-to- tune textual search ‣ provide features like faceting, autocomplete CONCLUSION GraphAware® → By combining them, it is possible to offer an unlimited set of services to the end users