Report in determinants
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The determinant of a square matrix provides important information about the associated linear transformation and solutions to systems of linear equations. It can be computed from the entries of the matrix using specific arithmetic expressions. For a 2x2 matrix, the determinant is defined as the product of diagonal entries minus the product of off-diagonal entries. The absolute value of the determinant gives the scale factor by which area or volume is multiplied under the linear transformation, while the sign indicates if orientation is preserved. Determinants occur throughout mathematics and are used in calculus, linear algebra, and as a compact notation for expressions.
![DETERMINANTS
• The determinant of a matrix A is denoted det(A), det A, or |A|.[1]
In the case where the matrix entries are written out in full, the
determinant is denoted by surrounding the matrix entries by
vertical bars instead of the brackets or parentheses of the
matrix. For instance, the determinant of the matrix
value](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/reportindeterminants-130705233223-phpapp01/85/Report-in-determinants-4-320.jpg)
![DETERMINANTS
• where b and c are scalars, v is any vector of size n and I is the identity matrix
of size n. These properties state that the determinant is an alternating
multilinear function of the columns, and they suffice to uniquely calculate the
determinant of any square matrix. Provided the underlying scalars form a
field (more generally, a commutative ring with unity), the definition below
shows that such a function exists, and it can be shown to be unique.[2]
• Equivalently, the determinant can be expressed as a sum of products of
entries of the matrix where each product has n terms and the coefficient of
each product is -1 or 1 or 0 according to a given rule: it is a polynomial
expression of the matrix entries. This expression grows rapidly with the size
of the matrix (an n-by-n matrix contributes n! terms), so it will first be given
explicitly for the case of 2-by-2 matrices and 3-by-3 matrices, followed by the
rule for arbitrary size matrices, which subsumes these two cases.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/reportindeterminants-130705233223-phpapp01/85/Report-in-determinants-6-320.jpg)
Report in determinants
- 1. Peter Angelo D. Valenzuela I-BSCS DETERMINANTS
- 2. DETERMINANTS • In linear algebra, the determinant is a value associated with a square matrix. It can be computed from the entries of the matrix by a specific arithmetic expression, while other ways to determine its value exist as well. The determinant provides important information when the matrix is that of the coefficients of a system of linear equations, or when it corresponds to a linear transformation of a vector space: in the first case the system has a unique solution if and only if the determinant is nonzero, while in the second case that same condition means that the transformation has an inverse operation. A geometric interpretation can be given to the value of the determinant of a square matrix with real entries: the absolute value of the determinant gives the scale factor by which area or volume is multiplied under the associated linear transformation, while its sign indicates whether the transformation preserves orientation. Thus a 2 2 matrix with determinant −2, when applied to a region of the plane with finite area, will transform that region into one with twice the area, while reversing its orientation.
- 3. DETERMINANTS • Determinants occur throughout mathematics. The use of determinants in calculus includes the Jacobian determinant in the substitution rule for integrals of functions of several variables. They are used to define the characteristic polynomial of a matrix that is an essential tool in Eigen value problems in linear algebra. In some cases they are used just as a compact notation for expressions that would otherwise be unwieldy to write down.
- 4. DETERMINANTS • The determinant of a matrix A is denoted det(A), det A, or |A|.[1] In the case where the matrix entries are written out in full, the determinant is denoted by surrounding the matrix entries by vertical bars instead of the brackets or parentheses of the matrix. For instance, the determinant of the matrix value
- 5. DETERMINANTS • There are various ways to define the determinant of a square matrix A, i.e. one with the same number of rows and columns. Perhaps the most natural way is expressed in terms of the columns of the matrix. If we write an n-by-n matrix in terms of its column vectors where the are vectors of size n, then the determinant of A is defined so that
- 6. DETERMINANTS • where b and c are scalars, v is any vector of size n and I is the identity matrix of size n. These properties state that the determinant is an alternating multilinear function of the columns, and they suffice to uniquely calculate the determinant of any square matrix. Provided the underlying scalars form a field (more generally, a commutative ring with unity), the definition below shows that such a function exists, and it can be shown to be unique.[2] • Equivalently, the determinant can be expressed as a sum of products of entries of the matrix where each product has n terms and the coefficient of each product is -1 or 1 or 0 according to a given rule: it is a polynomial expression of the matrix entries. This expression grows rapidly with the size of the matrix (an n-by-n matrix contributes n! terms), so it will first be given explicitly for the case of 2-by-2 matrices and 3-by-3 matrices, followed by the rule for arbitrary size matrices, which subsumes these two cases.
- 7. DETERMINANTS • Assume A is a square matrix with n rows and n columns, so that it can be written as
- 8. DETERMINANTS The area of the parallelogram is the absolute value of the determinant of the matrix formed by the vectors representing the parallelogram's sides. The determinant of a 2×2 matrix is defined by
- 9. DETERMINANTS • If the matrix entries are real numbers, the matrix A can be used to represent two linear mappings: one that maps the standard basis vectors to the rows of A, and one that maps them to the columns of A. In either case, the images of the basis vectors form a parallelogram that represents the image of the unit square under the mapping. The parallelogram defined by the rows of the above matrix is the one with vertices at (0,0), (a,b), (a + c, b + d), and (c,d), as shown in the accompanying diagram. The absolute value of ab - cd is the area of the parallelogram, and thus represents the scale factor by which areas are transformed by A. (The parallelogram formed by the columns of A is in general a different parallelogram, but since the determinant is symmetric with respect to rows and columns, the area will be the same.) • The absolute value of the determinant together with the sign becomes the oriented area of the parallelogram. The oriented area is the same as the usual area, except that it is negative when the angle from the first to the second vector defining the parallelogram turns in a clockwise direction (which is opposite to the direction one would get for the identity matrix).
- 10. THE END!!!