Report in foundations of educ.
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Kohlberg's theory of moral development proposes that morality develops through three levels - preconventional, conventional, and post-conventional. At the preconventional level, children's judgments are based on external consequences like punishment. At the conventional level, judgments are based on social norms and expectations. At the post-conventional level, individuals recognize morality as separate from social conventions and base right and wrong on respect for others and internal ideals. Kohlberg proposed six stages across these three levels to describe how morality develops from a concern with obedience and self-interest to social order and finally to abstract ethical principles.
Report in foundations of educ.
- 1. Kohlberg Theory of Moral Development
- 2. Developmental Psychology • Study of how children develop a set of values or principles regarding correct, appropriate or good behavior.
- 3. Laurence Kohlberg • Proposed one of the widely acceptable explanations about development of morality.
- 4. Level 1 (Preconventional Morality) • Children judgments are based in external criteria. Standards of right and wrong are absolute and laid down by authority.
- 5. •Stage 1: Behavior are based on the desire to avoid severe physical punishments by a superior power. .
- 6. • Judgment about what is right or wrong is based on consequences to him. If an act incurs punishment, then it is wrong.
- 7. Level 2 (Conventional Morality) • Children judgment are based on the norms and expectations of the group. • Stage 2: Actions are based largely on satisfying one’s own personal needs. The child will help someone else, if that person will help him in return.
- 8. • Stage 3: Good behavior is that which pleases others and judgment are based on intensions . Children conform to rules to win approval of others to maintain good relationship.
- 9. • Stage 4: What is right is what accepted. If the social groups accept rules as appropriate for all members, children will conform to them to avoid social disapproval or censure.
- 10. Level 3 (Post Conventional Morality • The individual recognizes arbitrariness of social and legal conventions, the individual attempts to define moral values that are separate from norms groups.
- 11. • Stage 5: Behavior recognizes the laws as arbitrary and changeable. For aspects of life not govern by laws, right and wrong are personal decisions based on the agreements and contract.
- 12. –Stage 6: Morality is based on respect for others rather than on personal desires. The individual conforms to both social standards and to internalized ideals to avoid self condemnation rather than avoid social censure.
- 13. Thank you for Listening!!!!