1
A Project Report
On
AUCTIONEERING CONTROL SYSTEM
USING LABVIEW
For a partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
Submitted By:
MAYURESH JOSHI (2011BIN036)
AMOL DUDHATE (2011BIN044)
SHUBHAM BAHETI (2011BIN038)
Under the Guidance:
Project Mentor Project Guide
ANGADKUMAR YENNUM MRS. R.V.SARWADNYA
Department of Instrumentation Engineering
Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering &
Technology, Vishnupuri, Nanded – 431606
2
SHRI GURU GOBIND SINGHJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, VISHNUPURI, NANDED – 431606
DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATIO ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that report entitled ―Auctioneering Control System Using
LabVIEW‖ being submitted by Mr. Mayuresh Joshi, Mr.Amol Dudhate, Mr.
Shubham Baheti to Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Vishnupuri, Nanded for the award of the degree Bachelor Of Technology in
Instrumentation is a record of bonafide work carried out by them under the
supervision and guidance.
The matter contained in this thesis has not been submitted to any other
university or institute for the award of any degree or diploma.
Angadkumar Yennum Mrs. R.V.Sarwadnya
(Project Mentor) (Project Guide)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
No work can be considered complete without a word of appreciation for all those who
have contributed in it.
We express our sincere gratitude to Mrs.R.V.Sarwadnya (Project Guide) for giving us
an opportunity to carry out the project work under her guidance. We are greatly indebted to
her for her critical review of our project work and timely guidance at each and every level.
We would like to place on record our deep sense of gratitude to AngadkumarYennum
(Project Mentor) for his generous guidance, help and useful suggestions.
We are extremely thankful to Dr. L.M.Waghmare, Director, SGGSIE&T,Nandedand
Dr.V.G.Asutkar, Head Department of Instrumentation Engineering for providing
infrastructural facilities to work in, without which this work would not have been possible.
We wish to take this platform to extend our sincere thanks to all our teachers for
molding us in their special way. Last but not the least we express our gratefulness to
DR.S.T.HAMDE, Project coordinator for his encouragement, staunch support and belief in
our project. We are also thankful to him for providing the laboratory facility whenever
needed.
MR. MAYURESH JOSHI
MR. SHUBHAM BAHETI
MR. AMOL DUDHATE
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INDEX
Abstract………………………………………………………………………..5
List of Figures………………………………………………………………....6
1. Introduction To Auctioneering Control………………………………………..7
2. Introduction To Labview…………………………………………………….10
2.1 Operation Panels of Labview……………………………………..11
3. Hardware For Auctioneering Control
3.1 Arduino……………………………………………………………13
3.1.1 Arduino Hardware…………………………………………..13
3.1.2 Why Arduino?........................................................................14
3.2 Components Specifications
3.2.1 Thermistor…………………………………………………..16
3.2.2 Relay………………………………………………………..17
3.2.3 Heater……………………………………………………….19
3.2.4 Pump ………………………………………………………..20
3.3 Thermistor Interfacing With Labview…………………………….21
4. Software Requirements For Auctioneering Control
4.1 Labview Interface For Arduino (LIFA)…………………………..22
4.2 Program For Interfacing Arduino With Labview ………………...22
4.3 Block Diagram ……………………………………………………26
4.4 Front Panel ………………………………………………………..27
5. Future Scope and Applications………………………………………………..28
6. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………30
References……………………………………………………………………31
5
ABSTRACT
In many exothermic reactions usually in tubular reactors there occurs the temperature
variation along the length of the reactor so it is very critical and necessary to maintain the
temperature same throughout.
By detecting the highest temperature point (HOTSPOT) and adjusting coolant the
temperature can be maintained same. So to detect the hotspots it needs the placement of
multiple temperature sensors along the length of reactor.
In this project we have tried to show the working model of auctioneering control system
.We have used the Arduino for the control purpose which is interfaced with process and
provides the data to PC which is provided with LabVIEW. We have used LabVIEW for
creating the front panel with help of which the overall acquired data can be interpreted on PC
screen. Programming for the interface of all peripherals is done with the help of LabVIEW.
Objective for the project is to implement the control system to maintain the temperature
with the help of embedded electronic circuit (Arduino) which is cost effective and provides
better and faster result.
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LIST OF FIGURES
Fig.1.1 : Auctioneering control for tubular reactor
Fig.1.2 : Selective control method
Fig.1.3 : Schematic diagram of Auctioneering control setup
Fig.2.1 : Tools palette
Fig.2.2 : Functions Palette of LabVIEW
Fig.2.3 : Controls palette of LabVIEW
Fig.3.1 : Arduino kit
Fig.3.2 : Thermistor characteristics
Fig.3.3 : Thermistor (NTC 10K)
Fig.3.4 : Realy pin diagram
Fig.3.5 : Relay driver circuit.
Fig.3.6 : Heater
Fig.3.7 : Pump
Fig.3.8 : Thermistor interfacing with Arduino
Fig 3.9 Hardware Setup for Auctioneering Control System
Fig.4.1 : LabVIEW Interface For Arduino
Fig.4.2 : Block diagram for auctioneering control
Fig.4.3 : Front Panel Of Auctioneering Control
Fig.5.1: Auctioneering control for pressurized tank
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT
We know that in most of the storage tanks the temperature varies along the length of
the tank, and there is usually a clear 'hot spot' somewhere in the tank which may cause
damage to the body as well as liquid present in the tank.
It is not necessary that hot spot always occurs at same point. Therefore we have to
place a probe at appropriate location. Unfortunately, things are never simple and the position
of the 'hot spot' can move up and down the length of the reactor depending on the flows and
compositions of the various streams.
It is not conventional to measure the temperature at single point and taking those
readings for operating a heating element, as it does not gives the information about
temperature at some other point, and if we used the temperature readings at single point it
will cause all the heating elements to turn on or off continuously.
In this project we are going to make an auctioneering control system using NI-miRIO
card along with LabVIEW. In auctioneering control system the manipulated variable (in this
case temperature) is controlled by measuring the temperature at different points of the system
and corresponding action (on or off) to be performed is sent to the controller for controlling
different heating elements.
1.2 AUCTIONEERING CONTROL
There are conditions in process plant where multiple process measurements are
available for a particular variable that needs to be regulated through a single control action.
Thus it is evident that the said control action should be given based on the most critical
measurement condition for the process variable. This is termed as Auctioneering Control. The
technique can be illustrated with the following example.
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Fig.1.1 : Auctioneering control for tubular reactor
Let us consider a tubular reactor shown in the Fig 1.1. The reaction is exothermic and
hence the temperature inside the reactor needs to be regulated. However, the temperature
varies along the length of the tube and if the corrective action, i.e. the coolant flow rate, is
taken on the basis of highest temperature measurement, it will ensure that the other
temperature zones are also guarded against overheating. To avoid this problem we can use an
auctioneering control system which is also referred as selective control.
Fig 1.2 : Selective control method
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Some features of auctioneering control / selective control are:
 Utilize the best suitable measurement among many measurements.
 High selector (HS), Medium selector (MS) or Low selector can be used (LS)
Examples:
Hot spot temperature control
The location of hotspot travel
Use of distributed sensors
Enhancing sensor reliability
Auctioneering control system consists of one manipulated variable (in this case
temperature of water) and several measured signals all of same variable.
Fig 1.3 : Schematic Diagram Of Auctioneering Control Setup
Most of the cases control variables such as temperature, pressure, etc. does not
remains constant throughout the process. It is not good to measure the control variable at
particular point to control other variable. So in such cases auctioneering control system can
be employed. It measures same variable at different points and any one signal from different
signals whether it is minimum or maximum or average etc. and depending on that signal it
control manipulated variable.
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2. INTRODUCTION TO LABVIEW
LabVIEW software is ideal for any measurement or control system, and the heart of the
NI design platform. Integrating all the tools that engineers and scientists need to build a wide
range of applications in dramatically less time, LabVIEW is a development environment for
problem solving, accelerated productivity, and continual innovation.
The program LabVIEW developed by NI Company consists of three major functional
parts: functional operation and graphic display of virtual instrument; design and edit of
background programs; selection and connection of subprograms. They are realized by the
following three modules:
1) Front Panel
Front panel is a tremendously important part of virtual instrument. No matter the
software operations, input, output, or results. All of these depend on the virtual graphical
interfaces of the front panel, which make real interactions between computers and users
possible.
2) Flowchart
Flowchart, which is the back panel of the program, realizes the function design of the
software. It includes control signal acquisition, overall architecture of the software,
calculations and so on. By editing the program of the back panel, the program icons of the
back panel are corresponding to the control program of the front panel. Only some built-in
functions and program frames are running in the background independently.
3) Icons and Connectors
If the program in LabVIEW is too complex, the master program will be modularized
into several subprograms to command different functions. The subprograms are named as
subordinate VI as well which are represented by icons that can be used by the master program
with connectors.
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2.1 OPERATION PANELS OF LABVIEW
In order to make the operations of users more convenient, LabVIEW provides three
different sets of operating panels which appropriately classify different types of functional
modules. Users can conveniently choose any of the three in their own needs, which include:
1) Tools Palette
As shown in Figure 2.1, the tools palette provides adjustment and modification tools
for LabVIEW including icon lead selection, program debugging, text control, front panel
colour modification and so on. After users click one of the functions icons, the mouse pointer
will turn into that icon which means the corresponding function will be activated. To choose
any function in the tools palette by using a default choice is also available.
Fig.2.1 : Tools palette
If the mouse pointer stops over the subprograms or the icons of the back panel, the
corresponding tooltip window will appear.
2) Functions Palette
The functions palette is a tool to set up the flowchart program, as shown in Figure 2.2.
Each top layer icon on the palette represents a subordinate palette. The functions palette
includes all important program function modules. It includes the basic operations module,
signal processing module and hardware interaction module. It is shown as Figure 2.2.
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Fig. 2.2 : Functions Palette of LabVIEW
This palette mainly adds various virtual control switches and VIO to the front panel.
Users can not only add suitable virtual control icons according to different targets and
accuracies of the design programs, but also beautify interactive interfaces by using this
palette.
3) Controls Palette
As shown in Figure 2.3, the control palette consists of the following subordinate palettes.
Fig.2.3 : Controls palette of LabVIEW
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3. HARDWARE FOR AUCTIONERING CONTROL
3.1 ARDUINO
Arduino is a tool for making computers that can sense and control more of the
physical world than your desktop computer. It's an open-source physical computing
platform based on a simple microcontroller board, and a development environment for
writing software for the board.
Fig.3.1 : Arduino kit
Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, taking inputs from a
variety of switches or sensors, and controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other
physical outputs. Arduino projects can be stand-alone, or they can communicate with
software running on your computer (e.g. Flash, Processing, MaxMSP.) The boards
can be assembled by hand or purchased preassembled; the open-source IDE can be
downloaded for free.
The Arduino programming language is an implementation of Wiring, a
similar physical computing platform, which is based on the Processing multimedia
programming environment.
3.1.1 Arduino Hardware
An Arduino board consists of an Atmel 8-bit AVR microcontroller with
complementary components that facilitate programming and incorporation into other
circuits. An important aspect of the Arduino is its standard connectors, which lets
users connect the CPU board to a variety of interchangeable add-on modules known
as shields. Some shields communicate with the Arduino board directly over various
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pins, but many shields are individually addressable via an I²C serial bus—so many
shields can be stacked and used in parallel.
Official Arduinos have used the megaAVR series of chips, specifically the
ATmega8, ATmega168, ATmega328, ATmega1280, and ATmega2560. A handful of
other processors have been used by Arduino compatibles. Most boards include a 5
volt linear regulator and a 16 MHz crystal oscillator (or ceramic resonator in some
variants), although some designs such as the LilyPad run at 8 MHz and dispense with
the onboard voltage regulator due to specific form-factor restrictions. An Arduino's
microcontroller is also pre-programmed with a boot loader that simplifies uploading
of programs to the on-chip flash memory, compared with other devices that typically
need an external programmer. This makes using an Arduino more straightforward by
allowing the use of an ordinary computer as the programmer.
At a conceptual level, when using the Arduino software stack, all boards are
programmed over an RS-232 serial connection, but the way this is implemented varies
by hardware version. Serial Arduino boards contain a level shifter circuit to convert
between RS-232-level and TTL-level signals. Current Arduino boards are
programmed via USB, implemented using USB-to-serial adapter chips such as the
FTDI FT232. Some variants, such as the Arduino Mini and the unofficial Boarduino,
use a detachable USB-to-serial adapter board or cable, Bluetooth or other methods.
(When used with traditional microcontroller tools instead of the Arduino IDE,
standard AVR ISP programming is used.)
The Arduino board exposes most of the microcontroller's I/O pins for use by
other circuits. The Diecimila, Duemilanove, and current Uno provide 14 digital I/O
pins, six of which can produce pulse-width modulated signals, and six analog inputs,
which can also be used as six digital I/O pins. These pins are on the top of the board,
via female 0.10-inch (2.5 mm) headers. Several plug-in application shields are also
commercially available. The Arduino Nano, and Arduino-compatible Bare Bones
Board and Boarduino boards may provide male header pins on the underside of the
board that can plug into solderless breadboards.
3.1.2 Why Arduino?
There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available
for physical computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's
15
Handyboard, and many others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the
messy details of microcontroller programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use
package. Arduino also simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers, but it
offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested amateurs over other
systems:
 Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other
microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module
can be assembled by hand, and even the pre-assembled Arduino modules cost
less than $50
 Cross-platform - The Arduino software runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX,
and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to
Windows.
 Simple, clear programming environment - The Arduino programming
environment is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced
users to take advantage of as well. For teachers, it's conveniently based on the
Processing programming environment, so students learning to program in that
environment will be familiar with the look and feel of Arduino
 Open source and extensible software- The Arduino software is published as
open source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The
language can be expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to
understand the technical details can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C
programming language on which it's based. Similarly, we can add AVR-C
code directly into your Arduino programs if we want to.
 Open source and extensible hardware - The Arduino is based on Atmel's
ATMEGA8 and ATMEGA168 microcontrollers. The plans for the modules
are published under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit
designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and
improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard
version of the module in order to understand how it works and save money.
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3.2 COMPONENTS SPECIFICATIONS
3.2.1 Thermistor [NTC 10K @25*C]
A thermistor is a type of resistor whose resistance varies significantly with
temperature, more so than in standard
resistors. Thermistors are widely used as
inrush current limiter, temperature
sensors (NTC type typically), self-
resetting over current protectors, and self-
regulating heating elements. Thermistors
differ from resistance temperature
detectors (RTDs) in that the material used
in a thermistor is generally a ceramic or
polymer, while RTDs use pure metals. Fig.3.2:Thermistor characteristics
The temperature response is also different; RTDs are useful over larger
temperature ranges, while thermistor typically achieve a higher precision within a
limited temperature range, typically −90 °C to 130 °C
Basic operation
Assuming, as a first-order approximation,
that the relationship between resistance and
temperature is linear, then:
where
, change in resistance
, change in temperature Fig 3.3 : Thermistor (NTC 10K)
, first-order temperature coefficient of resistance
Thermistor can be classified into two types, depending on the classification of . If
is positive, the resistance increases with increasing temperature, and the device is
17
called a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor, or posistor. If is
negative, the resistance decreases with increasing temperature, and the device is
called a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor. Resistors that are not
thermistors are designed to have a as close to 0 as possible, so that their resistance
remains nearly constant over a wide temperature range.
Instead of the temperature coefficient k, sometimes the temperature coefficient of
resistance (alpha sub T) is used. It is defined as
Features
 Wide resistance range
 Cost-effective
 Lacquer-coated thermistor disk
 Tinned copper leads
 Lead spacing 5.0 mm
 Marked with resistance and tolerance
3.2.2 RELAY
A relay is usually an electromechanical device that is actuated by an electrical
current. The current flowing in one circuit causes the opening or closing of another
circuit. Relays are like remote-control switches and are used in many applications
because of their relative simplicity, long life, and proven high reliability.
Relays are used in a wide variety of applications throughout industry, such as in
telephone exchanges, digital computers and automation systems. Highly sophisticated
relays are utilized to protect electric power systems against trouble and power
blackouts as well as to regulate and control the generation and distribution of power.
18
In the home, relays are used in
refrigerators, washing machines and
dishwashers, and heating and air-
conditioning controls. Although relays
are generally associated with electrical
circuitry, there are many other types,
such as pneumatic and hydraulic. Input
may be electrical and output directly
mechanical, or vice versa.
Fig. 3.4 : Relay pin diagram
How do relays work?
All relays contain a sensing unit, the electric coil, which is powered by AC or
DC current. When the applied current or voltage exceeds a threshold value, the coil
activates the armature, which operates either to close the open contacts or to open the
closed contacts.
When a power is supplied to the coil, it generates a magnetic force that actuates the
switch mechanism. The magnetic force is, in effect, relaying the action from one
circuit to another. The first circuit is called the control circuit; the second is called the
load circuit.
Operating Principle:
There are really only two fundamentally different operating principles:
(1) electro-magnetic attraction, and (2) electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic
attraction relays operate by virtue of a plunger being drawn into a solenoid, or an
armature being attracted to the poles of an electromagnet. Such relays may be
actuated by d-c or by a-c quantities. Electromagnetic-induction relays use the
principle of the induction motor whereby torque is developed by induction in a rotor;
this operating principle applies only to relays actuated by alternating current, and in
dealing with those relays we shall call them simply "induction-type" relays.
19
Fig 3.5: Relay driver circuit.
There are three basic functions of a relay: On/Off Control, Limit Control and Logic
Operation.
 On/Off Control: Example: Air conditioning control, used to limit and control
a ―high power‖ load, such as a compressor
 Limit Control: Example: Motor Speed Control, used to disconnect a motor if
it runs slower or faster than the desired speed.
 Logic Operation: Example: Test Equipment, used to connect the instrument
to a number of testing points on the device under test.
3.2.3 HEATER
o Power: 220V-240V 50Hz 500w
o Material: Aluminium
o Wire Length: 60 cm
20
Fig 3.6: Heater
3.2.4 PUMP
Special features:
o Compact Size
o Easy to Install
o Rust Proof
o Multiple Usage
o Easy to Clean
o Low Electricity Consumption
o Special design for cooler system.
o Sheels, Which have long life made of high
quality strong ABS.
o With thermal overheat protector inside.
o Energy saving, High lift, Long flow.
Fig 3.7 : Pump
Specifications:
o Voltage : 220-240 V/50 Hz.
o Power : 18W
o H-Max : 1.85m
o Output : 1100L/H
3.3 THERMISTOR INTERFACING WITH ARDUINO:
While interfacing thermistor with arduino we have to initialize connection to
arduino with the default baud rate of 115200. Then arduino will read the thermistor
21
readings which is connected to one of the analog input pin of arduino. Thermistor
should be paired with 10K resistor.
Fig 3.8 : Thermistor interfacing with Arduino
3.4 HARDWARE SETUP FOR AUCTIONEERING CONTROL
Fig 3.9 Hardware Setup for Auctioneering Control System
22
4. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS FOR AUCTIONEERING
CONTROL
4.1 LabVIEW Interface for Arduino
Fig 4.1 : LabVIEW Interface For Arduino
Step by Step Start-up Guide
 Get Arduino board and accessories.
 Make sure you have LabVIEW 2009 or newer installed.
 Install NI-VISA Drivers.
 Install the Arduino IDE and drivers for Windows.
 Install the LIFA.
 Upload the sketch ‗LIFA_Base.pde‘ to the Arduino.
 Start writing your program/block diagram.
4.2 PROGRAM FOR LABVIEW INTERFACE FOR ARDUINO (LIFA)
/**************************************************************************
** LVFA_Firmware - Provides Basic Arduino Sketch For Interfacing With LabVIEW.
23
**************************************************************************/
/**************************************************************************
** Includes.
**************************************************************************/
// Standard includes. These should always be included.
#include <Wire.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Servo.h>
#include "LabVIEWInterface.h"
/**************************************************************************
** setup()
** Initialize the Arduino and setup serial communication.
** Input: None
** Output: None
**************************************************************************/
24
void setup()
{
// Initialize Serial Port With The Default Baud Rate
syncLV();
// Place your custom setup code here
}
/**************************************************************************
** loop()
** The main loop. This loop runs continuously on the Arduino. It
** receives and processes serial commands from LabVIEW.
** Input: None
** Output: None
**************************************************************************/
void loop()
25
{
// Check for commands from LabVIEW and process them.
checkForCommand();
// Place your custom loop code here (this may slow down communication with LabVIEW)
if(acqMode==1)
{
sampleContinously();
}
}
4.3 Block diagram
Block diagram for Auctioneering control system is shown in figure 4.2. The Block
diagram objects include terminals, subVIs, functions, constants, structures, and wires that
transfer data among other block diagram objects. We can use LabVIEW tools to create,
modify, and debug a VI. A tool is a special operating mode of the mouse cursor, so the
operating mode of the cursor corresponds to the icon of the tool selected. LabVIEW chooses
which tool to select based on the current location of the mouse.
26
27
4.4 Front Panel:
Front panel for Auctioneering Control is shown in figure 4.4. When we open a new
or existing VI, the front panel window of the VI appears and functions as the graphical
user interface or GUI of a VI. We can find the source code that runs the front panel on the
block diagram. The front panel window contains a toolbar across the top and
a Controls palette that we can access by right-clicking anywhere on the front panel.
The front panel interface design is an important part of virtual instrument. The functions
of instrument parameters setting and test results displaying are realized by using the
software, which requires a simple, direct and convenient software interface. The Figure
shows the front panel of the temperature control system. The main functional areas of the
interface include parameter input area, data display controls and results display area.
Fig4.3: Front Panel of Auctioneering Control
28
5. Future Scope & Applications
5.1 Future Scope
1) We have used the arduino as the controller for implementing the real time
control for temperature so the advancement of the project can be done by using
latest NI myRIO cards which provides easier approach to interface process with
the Labview.
2) Another advantage of Arduino that wireless data can be transmitted and
received with help of Bluetooth module of Arduino.
3) This system can be used for the safety of the reactor if it is embedded for
tubular reactors where exothermic reactions may cause damage if proper care is
not taken.
5.2 Real Time Application
Auctioneering is the process of choosing one output signal from a set of multiple
input signals. In order to use auctioneering in your control process, you will first
need to have multiple signals all measuring the same variable. The signals will
then all be sent to a set of selectors aligned in series. For each selector, there will
be two inputs. For the first selector, the two inputs will be the first two signals
from the device being controlled. For each subsequent selector, one signal will
be the output signal from the previous selector, while the other input signal will
be the next signal from the device.
For example, suppose that we
have a pressurized storage tank
holding a deadly gas, such as
chlorine. On this tank, we have
attached three pressure sensors, each
measuring the pressure of the tank.
In order to maintain the maximum
amount of safety in our plant, we
will want to choose the highest
pressure read by the three sensor
signals. The reason for choosing the
29
highest pressure is because there is a chance of the tank exploding if the pressure
inside gets too high. In order to select the highest pressure, an auctioneering
system will be used, in which the first two signals will be sent through a high
selector, and then this output value will be sent to a second high selector that
compares it to the third input signal. This second selector then sends the output
signal to control the pressure release valve.
5.3Other Applications
1) It can be used where accurate and consistent temperature control is needed.
2) Implemented in tubular reactor with exothermic reactions.
3) Controlling pressure of Pressurized storage tank holding a deadly gas, such as
chlorine.
30
6. CONCLUSION
With virtual instrument being the platform and the shortcomings of traditional
temperature control system, this thesis combines graphical programming language LabVIEW
and the basic principles of Auctioneering control to conduct temperature control.
The virtual instrument technology inherits the advantages of traditional instrument
and avoids the shortcomings. Users can change and redefine the functions of the instrument
based on their own needs.
This thesis has achieved digital replacement of traditional instrument through the
design of the virtual instrument of the temperature control system and obtained some results.
It turns out to be that using technologically advanced virtual instrument technology to replace
traditional measuring and testing technology is not only feasible, but also better and more
systemically stable.
This thesis provides ideas for the development of similar instruments and paves the
way for the full digitalization of traditional instrument. Because the technology is an
emerging technology which involves novel theoretical knowledge and integrates multiple
disciplines, and my experience is rather limited, the program is in need of further
improvements especially in terms of software, which can expand the functions of the system
through further optimization of its algorithms.
In this thesis, the temperature control system is designed by Labview with
Auctioneering control system. With this control method, the system controlled the
temperature successfully
31
REFERENCES
 Chemical Process Control: An Introduction to Theory and Practice, George
Stephanopoulos, Depertment of Chemicel Engineering ,Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, P T R PRENTICE HALL, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632.
 Programming Arduino with LabVIEW,Marco Schwartz, Oliver Manickum.
 Introduction to LabVIEW, HANS‐PETTER HALVORSEN,2014.03.07
 http://www.google.co.in/patents/US4889280
 http://vishots.com/getting-started-with-the-labview-interface-for-arduino/
 https://decibel.ni.com/content/groups/labview-interface-for-arduino
 http://www.onlinecourses.vissim.us/Strathclyde/selective_or_auctioneering_contr.htm
 http://www.labviewarduino.in/2015/01/temperature-control-using-labview-and.html
 http://nptel.ac.in/courses/103103037/32
 http://labviewwiki.org/Home

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Report of Auctioneering Control For Temperature Using LabVIEW.

  • 1. 1 A Project Report On AUCTIONEERING CONTROL SYSTEM USING LABVIEW For a partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING Submitted By: MAYURESH JOSHI (2011BIN036) AMOL DUDHATE (2011BIN044) SHUBHAM BAHETI (2011BIN038) Under the Guidance: Project Mentor Project Guide ANGADKUMAR YENNUM MRS. R.V.SARWADNYA Department of Instrumentation Engineering Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Vishnupuri, Nanded – 431606
  • 2. 2 SHRI GURU GOBIND SINGHJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, VISHNUPURI, NANDED – 431606 DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATIO ENGINEERING CERTIFICATE This is to certify that report entitled ―Auctioneering Control System Using LabVIEW‖ being submitted by Mr. Mayuresh Joshi, Mr.Amol Dudhate, Mr. Shubham Baheti to Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Vishnupuri, Nanded for the award of the degree Bachelor Of Technology in Instrumentation is a record of bonafide work carried out by them under the supervision and guidance. The matter contained in this thesis has not been submitted to any other university or institute for the award of any degree or diploma. Angadkumar Yennum Mrs. R.V.Sarwadnya (Project Mentor) (Project Guide)
  • 3. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT No work can be considered complete without a word of appreciation for all those who have contributed in it. We express our sincere gratitude to Mrs.R.V.Sarwadnya (Project Guide) for giving us an opportunity to carry out the project work under her guidance. We are greatly indebted to her for her critical review of our project work and timely guidance at each and every level. We would like to place on record our deep sense of gratitude to AngadkumarYennum (Project Mentor) for his generous guidance, help and useful suggestions. We are extremely thankful to Dr. L.M.Waghmare, Director, SGGSIE&T,Nandedand Dr.V.G.Asutkar, Head Department of Instrumentation Engineering for providing infrastructural facilities to work in, without which this work would not have been possible. We wish to take this platform to extend our sincere thanks to all our teachers for molding us in their special way. Last but not the least we express our gratefulness to DR.S.T.HAMDE, Project coordinator for his encouragement, staunch support and belief in our project. We are also thankful to him for providing the laboratory facility whenever needed. MR. MAYURESH JOSHI MR. SHUBHAM BAHETI MR. AMOL DUDHATE
  • 4. 4 INDEX Abstract………………………………………………………………………..5 List of Figures………………………………………………………………....6 1. Introduction To Auctioneering Control………………………………………..7 2. Introduction To Labview…………………………………………………….10 2.1 Operation Panels of Labview……………………………………..11 3. Hardware For Auctioneering Control 3.1 Arduino……………………………………………………………13 3.1.1 Arduino Hardware…………………………………………..13 3.1.2 Why Arduino?........................................................................14 3.2 Components Specifications 3.2.1 Thermistor…………………………………………………..16 3.2.2 Relay………………………………………………………..17 3.2.3 Heater……………………………………………………….19 3.2.4 Pump ………………………………………………………..20 3.3 Thermistor Interfacing With Labview…………………………….21 4. Software Requirements For Auctioneering Control 4.1 Labview Interface For Arduino (LIFA)…………………………..22 4.2 Program For Interfacing Arduino With Labview ………………...22 4.3 Block Diagram ……………………………………………………26 4.4 Front Panel ………………………………………………………..27 5. Future Scope and Applications………………………………………………..28 6. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………30 References……………………………………………………………………31
  • 5. 5 ABSTRACT In many exothermic reactions usually in tubular reactors there occurs the temperature variation along the length of the reactor so it is very critical and necessary to maintain the temperature same throughout. By detecting the highest temperature point (HOTSPOT) and adjusting coolant the temperature can be maintained same. So to detect the hotspots it needs the placement of multiple temperature sensors along the length of reactor. In this project we have tried to show the working model of auctioneering control system .We have used the Arduino for the control purpose which is interfaced with process and provides the data to PC which is provided with LabVIEW. We have used LabVIEW for creating the front panel with help of which the overall acquired data can be interpreted on PC screen. Programming for the interface of all peripherals is done with the help of LabVIEW. Objective for the project is to implement the control system to maintain the temperature with the help of embedded electronic circuit (Arduino) which is cost effective and provides better and faster result.
  • 6. 6 LIST OF FIGURES Fig.1.1 : Auctioneering control for tubular reactor Fig.1.2 : Selective control method Fig.1.3 : Schematic diagram of Auctioneering control setup Fig.2.1 : Tools palette Fig.2.2 : Functions Palette of LabVIEW Fig.2.3 : Controls palette of LabVIEW Fig.3.1 : Arduino kit Fig.3.2 : Thermistor characteristics Fig.3.3 : Thermistor (NTC 10K) Fig.3.4 : Realy pin diagram Fig.3.5 : Relay driver circuit. Fig.3.6 : Heater Fig.3.7 : Pump Fig.3.8 : Thermistor interfacing with Arduino Fig 3.9 Hardware Setup for Auctioneering Control System Fig.4.1 : LabVIEW Interface For Arduino Fig.4.2 : Block diagram for auctioneering control Fig.4.3 : Front Panel Of Auctioneering Control Fig.5.1: Auctioneering control for pressurized tank
  • 7. 7 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT We know that in most of the storage tanks the temperature varies along the length of the tank, and there is usually a clear 'hot spot' somewhere in the tank which may cause damage to the body as well as liquid present in the tank. It is not necessary that hot spot always occurs at same point. Therefore we have to place a probe at appropriate location. Unfortunately, things are never simple and the position of the 'hot spot' can move up and down the length of the reactor depending on the flows and compositions of the various streams. It is not conventional to measure the temperature at single point and taking those readings for operating a heating element, as it does not gives the information about temperature at some other point, and if we used the temperature readings at single point it will cause all the heating elements to turn on or off continuously. In this project we are going to make an auctioneering control system using NI-miRIO card along with LabVIEW. In auctioneering control system the manipulated variable (in this case temperature) is controlled by measuring the temperature at different points of the system and corresponding action (on or off) to be performed is sent to the controller for controlling different heating elements. 1.2 AUCTIONEERING CONTROL There are conditions in process plant where multiple process measurements are available for a particular variable that needs to be regulated through a single control action. Thus it is evident that the said control action should be given based on the most critical measurement condition for the process variable. This is termed as Auctioneering Control. The technique can be illustrated with the following example.
  • 8. 8 Fig.1.1 : Auctioneering control for tubular reactor Let us consider a tubular reactor shown in the Fig 1.1. The reaction is exothermic and hence the temperature inside the reactor needs to be regulated. However, the temperature varies along the length of the tube and if the corrective action, i.e. the coolant flow rate, is taken on the basis of highest temperature measurement, it will ensure that the other temperature zones are also guarded against overheating. To avoid this problem we can use an auctioneering control system which is also referred as selective control. Fig 1.2 : Selective control method
  • 9. 9 Some features of auctioneering control / selective control are:  Utilize the best suitable measurement among many measurements.  High selector (HS), Medium selector (MS) or Low selector can be used (LS) Examples: Hot spot temperature control The location of hotspot travel Use of distributed sensors Enhancing sensor reliability Auctioneering control system consists of one manipulated variable (in this case temperature of water) and several measured signals all of same variable. Fig 1.3 : Schematic Diagram Of Auctioneering Control Setup Most of the cases control variables such as temperature, pressure, etc. does not remains constant throughout the process. It is not good to measure the control variable at particular point to control other variable. So in such cases auctioneering control system can be employed. It measures same variable at different points and any one signal from different signals whether it is minimum or maximum or average etc. and depending on that signal it control manipulated variable.
  • 10. 10 2. INTRODUCTION TO LABVIEW LabVIEW software is ideal for any measurement or control system, and the heart of the NI design platform. Integrating all the tools that engineers and scientists need to build a wide range of applications in dramatically less time, LabVIEW is a development environment for problem solving, accelerated productivity, and continual innovation. The program LabVIEW developed by NI Company consists of three major functional parts: functional operation and graphic display of virtual instrument; design and edit of background programs; selection and connection of subprograms. They are realized by the following three modules: 1) Front Panel Front panel is a tremendously important part of virtual instrument. No matter the software operations, input, output, or results. All of these depend on the virtual graphical interfaces of the front panel, which make real interactions between computers and users possible. 2) Flowchart Flowchart, which is the back panel of the program, realizes the function design of the software. It includes control signal acquisition, overall architecture of the software, calculations and so on. By editing the program of the back panel, the program icons of the back panel are corresponding to the control program of the front panel. Only some built-in functions and program frames are running in the background independently. 3) Icons and Connectors If the program in LabVIEW is too complex, the master program will be modularized into several subprograms to command different functions. The subprograms are named as subordinate VI as well which are represented by icons that can be used by the master program with connectors.
  • 11. 11 2.1 OPERATION PANELS OF LABVIEW In order to make the operations of users more convenient, LabVIEW provides three different sets of operating panels which appropriately classify different types of functional modules. Users can conveniently choose any of the three in their own needs, which include: 1) Tools Palette As shown in Figure 2.1, the tools palette provides adjustment and modification tools for LabVIEW including icon lead selection, program debugging, text control, front panel colour modification and so on. After users click one of the functions icons, the mouse pointer will turn into that icon which means the corresponding function will be activated. To choose any function in the tools palette by using a default choice is also available. Fig.2.1 : Tools palette If the mouse pointer stops over the subprograms or the icons of the back panel, the corresponding tooltip window will appear. 2) Functions Palette The functions palette is a tool to set up the flowchart program, as shown in Figure 2.2. Each top layer icon on the palette represents a subordinate palette. The functions palette includes all important program function modules. It includes the basic operations module, signal processing module and hardware interaction module. It is shown as Figure 2.2.
  • 12. 12 Fig. 2.2 : Functions Palette of LabVIEW This palette mainly adds various virtual control switches and VIO to the front panel. Users can not only add suitable virtual control icons according to different targets and accuracies of the design programs, but also beautify interactive interfaces by using this palette. 3) Controls Palette As shown in Figure 2.3, the control palette consists of the following subordinate palettes. Fig.2.3 : Controls palette of LabVIEW
  • 13. 13 3. HARDWARE FOR AUCTIONERING CONTROL 3.1 ARDUINO Arduino is a tool for making computers that can sense and control more of the physical world than your desktop computer. It's an open-source physical computing platform based on a simple microcontroller board, and a development environment for writing software for the board. Fig.3.1 : Arduino kit Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, taking inputs from a variety of switches or sensors, and controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other physical outputs. Arduino projects can be stand-alone, or they can communicate with software running on your computer (e.g. Flash, Processing, MaxMSP.) The boards can be assembled by hand or purchased preassembled; the open-source IDE can be downloaded for free. The Arduino programming language is an implementation of Wiring, a similar physical computing platform, which is based on the Processing multimedia programming environment. 3.1.1 Arduino Hardware An Arduino board consists of an Atmel 8-bit AVR microcontroller with complementary components that facilitate programming and incorporation into other circuits. An important aspect of the Arduino is its standard connectors, which lets users connect the CPU board to a variety of interchangeable add-on modules known as shields. Some shields communicate with the Arduino board directly over various
  • 14. 14 pins, but many shields are individually addressable via an I²C serial bus—so many shields can be stacked and used in parallel. Official Arduinos have used the megaAVR series of chips, specifically the ATmega8, ATmega168, ATmega328, ATmega1280, and ATmega2560. A handful of other processors have been used by Arduino compatibles. Most boards include a 5 volt linear regulator and a 16 MHz crystal oscillator (or ceramic resonator in some variants), although some designs such as the LilyPad run at 8 MHz and dispense with the onboard voltage regulator due to specific form-factor restrictions. An Arduino's microcontroller is also pre-programmed with a boot loader that simplifies uploading of programs to the on-chip flash memory, compared with other devices that typically need an external programmer. This makes using an Arduino more straightforward by allowing the use of an ordinary computer as the programmer. At a conceptual level, when using the Arduino software stack, all boards are programmed over an RS-232 serial connection, but the way this is implemented varies by hardware version. Serial Arduino boards contain a level shifter circuit to convert between RS-232-level and TTL-level signals. Current Arduino boards are programmed via USB, implemented using USB-to-serial adapter chips such as the FTDI FT232. Some variants, such as the Arduino Mini and the unofficial Boarduino, use a detachable USB-to-serial adapter board or cable, Bluetooth or other methods. (When used with traditional microcontroller tools instead of the Arduino IDE, standard AVR ISP programming is used.) The Arduino board exposes most of the microcontroller's I/O pins for use by other circuits. The Diecimila, Duemilanove, and current Uno provide 14 digital I/O pins, six of which can produce pulse-width modulated signals, and six analog inputs, which can also be used as six digital I/O pins. These pins are on the top of the board, via female 0.10-inch (2.5 mm) headers. Several plug-in application shields are also commercially available. The Arduino Nano, and Arduino-compatible Bare Bones Board and Boarduino boards may provide male header pins on the underside of the board that can plug into solderless breadboards. 3.1.2 Why Arduino? There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available for physical computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's
  • 15. 15 Handyboard, and many others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package. Arduino also simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested amateurs over other systems:  Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module can be assembled by hand, and even the pre-assembled Arduino modules cost less than $50  Cross-platform - The Arduino software runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows.  Simple, clear programming environment - The Arduino programming environment is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users to take advantage of as well. For teachers, it's conveniently based on the Processing programming environment, so students learning to program in that environment will be familiar with the look and feel of Arduino  Open source and extensible software- The Arduino software is published as open source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's based. Similarly, we can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if we want to.  Open source and extensible hardware - The Arduino is based on Atmel's ATMEGA8 and ATMEGA168 microcontrollers. The plans for the modules are published under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard version of the module in order to understand how it works and save money.
  • 16. 16 3.2 COMPONENTS SPECIFICATIONS 3.2.1 Thermistor [NTC 10K @25*C] A thermistor is a type of resistor whose resistance varies significantly with temperature, more so than in standard resistors. Thermistors are widely used as inrush current limiter, temperature sensors (NTC type typically), self- resetting over current protectors, and self- regulating heating elements. Thermistors differ from resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) in that the material used in a thermistor is generally a ceramic or polymer, while RTDs use pure metals. Fig.3.2:Thermistor characteristics The temperature response is also different; RTDs are useful over larger temperature ranges, while thermistor typically achieve a higher precision within a limited temperature range, typically −90 °C to 130 °C Basic operation Assuming, as a first-order approximation, that the relationship between resistance and temperature is linear, then: where , change in resistance , change in temperature Fig 3.3 : Thermistor (NTC 10K) , first-order temperature coefficient of resistance Thermistor can be classified into two types, depending on the classification of . If is positive, the resistance increases with increasing temperature, and the device is
  • 17. 17 called a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor, or posistor. If is negative, the resistance decreases with increasing temperature, and the device is called a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor. Resistors that are not thermistors are designed to have a as close to 0 as possible, so that their resistance remains nearly constant over a wide temperature range. Instead of the temperature coefficient k, sometimes the temperature coefficient of resistance (alpha sub T) is used. It is defined as Features  Wide resistance range  Cost-effective  Lacquer-coated thermistor disk  Tinned copper leads  Lead spacing 5.0 mm  Marked with resistance and tolerance 3.2.2 RELAY A relay is usually an electromechanical device that is actuated by an electrical current. The current flowing in one circuit causes the opening or closing of another circuit. Relays are like remote-control switches and are used in many applications because of their relative simplicity, long life, and proven high reliability. Relays are used in a wide variety of applications throughout industry, such as in telephone exchanges, digital computers and automation systems. Highly sophisticated relays are utilized to protect electric power systems against trouble and power blackouts as well as to regulate and control the generation and distribution of power.
  • 18. 18 In the home, relays are used in refrigerators, washing machines and dishwashers, and heating and air- conditioning controls. Although relays are generally associated with electrical circuitry, there are many other types, such as pneumatic and hydraulic. Input may be electrical and output directly mechanical, or vice versa. Fig. 3.4 : Relay pin diagram How do relays work? All relays contain a sensing unit, the electric coil, which is powered by AC or DC current. When the applied current or voltage exceeds a threshold value, the coil activates the armature, which operates either to close the open contacts or to open the closed contacts. When a power is supplied to the coil, it generates a magnetic force that actuates the switch mechanism. The magnetic force is, in effect, relaying the action from one circuit to another. The first circuit is called the control circuit; the second is called the load circuit. Operating Principle: There are really only two fundamentally different operating principles: (1) electro-magnetic attraction, and (2) electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic attraction relays operate by virtue of a plunger being drawn into a solenoid, or an armature being attracted to the poles of an electromagnet. Such relays may be actuated by d-c or by a-c quantities. Electromagnetic-induction relays use the principle of the induction motor whereby torque is developed by induction in a rotor; this operating principle applies only to relays actuated by alternating current, and in dealing with those relays we shall call them simply "induction-type" relays.
  • 19. 19 Fig 3.5: Relay driver circuit. There are three basic functions of a relay: On/Off Control, Limit Control and Logic Operation.  On/Off Control: Example: Air conditioning control, used to limit and control a ―high power‖ load, such as a compressor  Limit Control: Example: Motor Speed Control, used to disconnect a motor if it runs slower or faster than the desired speed.  Logic Operation: Example: Test Equipment, used to connect the instrument to a number of testing points on the device under test. 3.2.3 HEATER o Power: 220V-240V 50Hz 500w o Material: Aluminium o Wire Length: 60 cm
  • 20. 20 Fig 3.6: Heater 3.2.4 PUMP Special features: o Compact Size o Easy to Install o Rust Proof o Multiple Usage o Easy to Clean o Low Electricity Consumption o Special design for cooler system. o Sheels, Which have long life made of high quality strong ABS. o With thermal overheat protector inside. o Energy saving, High lift, Long flow. Fig 3.7 : Pump Specifications: o Voltage : 220-240 V/50 Hz. o Power : 18W o H-Max : 1.85m o Output : 1100L/H 3.3 THERMISTOR INTERFACING WITH ARDUINO: While interfacing thermistor with arduino we have to initialize connection to arduino with the default baud rate of 115200. Then arduino will read the thermistor
  • 21. 21 readings which is connected to one of the analog input pin of arduino. Thermistor should be paired with 10K resistor. Fig 3.8 : Thermistor interfacing with Arduino 3.4 HARDWARE SETUP FOR AUCTIONEERING CONTROL Fig 3.9 Hardware Setup for Auctioneering Control System
  • 22. 22 4. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS FOR AUCTIONEERING CONTROL 4.1 LabVIEW Interface for Arduino Fig 4.1 : LabVIEW Interface For Arduino Step by Step Start-up Guide  Get Arduino board and accessories.  Make sure you have LabVIEW 2009 or newer installed.  Install NI-VISA Drivers.  Install the Arduino IDE and drivers for Windows.  Install the LIFA.  Upload the sketch ‗LIFA_Base.pde‘ to the Arduino.  Start writing your program/block diagram. 4.2 PROGRAM FOR LABVIEW INTERFACE FOR ARDUINO (LIFA) /************************************************************************** ** LVFA_Firmware - Provides Basic Arduino Sketch For Interfacing With LabVIEW.
  • 23. 23 **************************************************************************/ /************************************************************************** ** Includes. **************************************************************************/ // Standard includes. These should always be included. #include <Wire.h> #include <SPI.h> #include <Servo.h> #include "LabVIEWInterface.h" /************************************************************************** ** setup() ** Initialize the Arduino and setup serial communication. ** Input: None ** Output: None **************************************************************************/
  • 24. 24 void setup() { // Initialize Serial Port With The Default Baud Rate syncLV(); // Place your custom setup code here } /************************************************************************** ** loop() ** The main loop. This loop runs continuously on the Arduino. It ** receives and processes serial commands from LabVIEW. ** Input: None ** Output: None **************************************************************************/ void loop()
  • 25. 25 { // Check for commands from LabVIEW and process them. checkForCommand(); // Place your custom loop code here (this may slow down communication with LabVIEW) if(acqMode==1) { sampleContinously(); } } 4.3 Block diagram Block diagram for Auctioneering control system is shown in figure 4.2. The Block diagram objects include terminals, subVIs, functions, constants, structures, and wires that transfer data among other block diagram objects. We can use LabVIEW tools to create, modify, and debug a VI. A tool is a special operating mode of the mouse cursor, so the operating mode of the cursor corresponds to the icon of the tool selected. LabVIEW chooses which tool to select based on the current location of the mouse.
  • 26. 26
  • 27. 27 4.4 Front Panel: Front panel for Auctioneering Control is shown in figure 4.4. When we open a new or existing VI, the front panel window of the VI appears and functions as the graphical user interface or GUI of a VI. We can find the source code that runs the front panel on the block diagram. The front panel window contains a toolbar across the top and a Controls palette that we can access by right-clicking anywhere on the front panel. The front panel interface design is an important part of virtual instrument. The functions of instrument parameters setting and test results displaying are realized by using the software, which requires a simple, direct and convenient software interface. The Figure shows the front panel of the temperature control system. The main functional areas of the interface include parameter input area, data display controls and results display area. Fig4.3: Front Panel of Auctioneering Control
  • 28. 28 5. Future Scope & Applications 5.1 Future Scope 1) We have used the arduino as the controller for implementing the real time control for temperature so the advancement of the project can be done by using latest NI myRIO cards which provides easier approach to interface process with the Labview. 2) Another advantage of Arduino that wireless data can be transmitted and received with help of Bluetooth module of Arduino. 3) This system can be used for the safety of the reactor if it is embedded for tubular reactors where exothermic reactions may cause damage if proper care is not taken. 5.2 Real Time Application Auctioneering is the process of choosing one output signal from a set of multiple input signals. In order to use auctioneering in your control process, you will first need to have multiple signals all measuring the same variable. The signals will then all be sent to a set of selectors aligned in series. For each selector, there will be two inputs. For the first selector, the two inputs will be the first two signals from the device being controlled. For each subsequent selector, one signal will be the output signal from the previous selector, while the other input signal will be the next signal from the device. For example, suppose that we have a pressurized storage tank holding a deadly gas, such as chlorine. On this tank, we have attached three pressure sensors, each measuring the pressure of the tank. In order to maintain the maximum amount of safety in our plant, we will want to choose the highest pressure read by the three sensor signals. The reason for choosing the
  • 29. 29 highest pressure is because there is a chance of the tank exploding if the pressure inside gets too high. In order to select the highest pressure, an auctioneering system will be used, in which the first two signals will be sent through a high selector, and then this output value will be sent to a second high selector that compares it to the third input signal. This second selector then sends the output signal to control the pressure release valve. 5.3Other Applications 1) It can be used where accurate and consistent temperature control is needed. 2) Implemented in tubular reactor with exothermic reactions. 3) Controlling pressure of Pressurized storage tank holding a deadly gas, such as chlorine.
  • 30. 30 6. CONCLUSION With virtual instrument being the platform and the shortcomings of traditional temperature control system, this thesis combines graphical programming language LabVIEW and the basic principles of Auctioneering control to conduct temperature control. The virtual instrument technology inherits the advantages of traditional instrument and avoids the shortcomings. Users can change and redefine the functions of the instrument based on their own needs. This thesis has achieved digital replacement of traditional instrument through the design of the virtual instrument of the temperature control system and obtained some results. It turns out to be that using technologically advanced virtual instrument technology to replace traditional measuring and testing technology is not only feasible, but also better and more systemically stable. This thesis provides ideas for the development of similar instruments and paves the way for the full digitalization of traditional instrument. Because the technology is an emerging technology which involves novel theoretical knowledge and integrates multiple disciplines, and my experience is rather limited, the program is in need of further improvements especially in terms of software, which can expand the functions of the system through further optimization of its algorithms. In this thesis, the temperature control system is designed by Labview with Auctioneering control system. With this control method, the system controlled the temperature successfully
  • 31. 31 REFERENCES  Chemical Process Control: An Introduction to Theory and Practice, George Stephanopoulos, Depertment of Chemicel Engineering ,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, P T R PRENTICE HALL, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632.  Programming Arduino with LabVIEW,Marco Schwartz, Oliver Manickum.  Introduction to LabVIEW, HANS‐PETTER HALVORSEN,2014.03.07  http://www.google.co.in/patents/US4889280  http://vishots.com/getting-started-with-the-labview-interface-for-arduino/  https://decibel.ni.com/content/groups/labview-interface-for-arduino  http://www.onlinecourses.vissim.us/Strathclyde/selective_or_auctioneering_contr.htm  http://www.labviewarduino.in/2015/01/temperature-control-using-labview-and.html  http://nptel.ac.in/courses/103103037/32  http://labviewwiki.org/Home