Resource Adaptive Systems
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DARPA announced a project to create resource-adaptive software systems aimed at building complex applications that can endure environmental changes, addressing the issue of rapid obsolescence in modern software. 1060 Research Ltd, which originated from Hewlett Packard Labs, is pioneering the concept of resource-oriented computing to improve software adaptability and maintenance costs. Key topics of interest include coupled and decoupled systems, architectures, and security case studies related to resource-oriented designs.
Resource Adaptive Systems
- 1. Resource(Adaptive( Systems 2015 © 1060 Research Ltd 2015 © 1060 Research Ltd
- 2. SUMMARY – IASA Israel (Hayim Makabee) DARPA issued an announcement about building Resource Adaptive Software Systems this past April. More specifically "to build survivable, long-lived complex software systems that are robust to changes in the resources provided by their operational environment". The motivation behind this project has to do with the short shelf life of modern day software systems: • orders of magnitude less than other engineering artifacts • strongly inversely correlated with the rate and magnitude of change • when changes do occur they lead to high software maintenance costs and premature obsolescence of otherwise functionally sound systems All of these factors greatly impact an enterprise architecture and every architect wishes there would be better technology around. 1060 Research Ltd was spun out of Hewlett Packard Labs where a team of researchers set an agenda to make software more–much more–adaptable to change and positively impact it maintenance costs. They eventually pioneered a new general computing abstraction named Resource-Oriented Computing (ROC) and developed the NetKernel platform. Aside from a cursory introduction into ROC we’ll discuss these areas of particular interest to architects • Coupled, loosely coupled and decoupled systems • Resource-Oriented Architectures • Messaging • Risk surface / security Case studies upon request.
- 3. DARPA’s(Announcement((April(2015) • BRASS • Building+Resource+Adaptive+Software+Systems • DARPA+net+>+Internet
- 4. DARPA’s(Pasteur(Quadrant Pure% Basic+Research Niels Bohr Use(Inspired Basic+Research Louis+Pasteur Applied Research Thomas+Edison Fundamental+Understanding Practical+Applications Types+of+Research 1. PURE 2. APPLIED 3. USE+INSPIRED
- 7. …(specifically • The+goal+of+BRASS+is+to realize%foundational% advances in+the+design+and+implementation+of+ survivable,+longQlived+complex software%systems that+are+robust%to%changes in the+resources+(logical+ or+physical)+provided+by+their+ecosystem. https://www.fbo.gov/utils/view?id=8af18d5c0a0eda510274 74c3005c7660
- 8. App ECO Access Access%Mechanism% manages+relationship+ app+– ecoQsys ( APIs ( Foreign%Interfaces ( complex%model%definitions ( ad%hoc%data%formats ECO%SYSTEM Clients System++Components Libraries Middleware Managed+Services Protocols Models Drivers Other%Resources Browsers Data+Bases Storage+Systems+ Outside%World SYSTEM Mechanism
- 10. Source(of(all(trouble • Access%mechanism%between+an+application+and+it’s+ operating+environment • Today+applications+are+services • Access%mechanism%of+a+service+is+it’s+service+ description
- 11. Architecture
- 15. Interface(Math((Access(Mechanism) Monolith+ =+4 SOA+=+6 MicroServices =+10+
- 16. Changes(=(Composite(Services Monolith+ =+4 SOA+=+6 Microservices+=+10+ Best+data+base+schema,+world+moves+on,+new+requirement+ ! use+a+view+of+a+data+base+ ! Composites+(composite+assembly+of+existing+parts)
- 18. Services(in(ResourceFOriented(Computing • ROC+Generalizes+Web+Abstraction • Passive+and%active uniform+resources,+representational+ state,+multiQspace,+multiQdata+types… • Resource%Engine • Kernel+Architecture+w/+roots+in+REST+and+UNIX • UNIX,+Everything+is+a+file • ROC,+Everything+is+a+resource • Res:/
- 19. Boot NetKernel Request Space Endpoint Cache Layer0 . NetKernel Foundation API HDS / URI ClassLoaders Module / Boot Support Grammars Classic ModuleStandard Module HTTPServer HTTPClient LangPython LangJavaScript LangGroovy LangRuby LangDPML2.0 LangXRL LangFreemarker ResModelXML ResModelSystem ResModelRDBMS ResModelLayer1 ResModelWikk XUnit Test Introspect Tools Documentation SystemKernel+Architecture 28+MB+download Service+ Infrastructure+/+ Uniform+Resource+ Engine Scales%up%and%out% through%load% balancing
- 22. ROC(Motivation
- 23. Shelf(Life(– Complexity(&( Economics Complexity+Ceiling Change'is'Too'Expensive Change Complexity
- 26. ROC(Platform
- 27. Services(in(ResourceFOriented(Computing Web:%Logical%takes%priority%over%physical • First%order:+URL,+URI+logical+resource+identifiers • Second%order:+physical+endpoint+implementation • Web+is+a+Resource+Oriented+Architecture • To+get+the+Web’s+properties+we+need+to+step+away+from+ Endpoints+and+understand+Resources…+
- 28. Web( Abstraction
- 30. ROC(Abstraction • Put+the+Web+Inside+Software • New+General+Computing+Abstraction • Basic+Concepts+remain+the+same • Resources • Identifiers • Address+Spaces • Resolution • Endpoint • Representation
- 31. Web(Abstraction(for(any(kind(of(computation • Everything is+a+resource • Information,+code+and+results+of+computations • Unique+identifiers • Resources+are+not+only+passive+but+active%( IETF%draft • Logical%has%priority%over%physical%(request%– resolution) • Explicit+multiQspace+architectures+ • Many+more+data+types
- 32. ROC(abstraction
- 34. Examples(of(Active(URI((byte(level(tricks) • res:/hello.txt (inside+the+system)+ Hello+there! • active:toUpper+operand@res:/hello.txt HELLO+THERE!+ • http://www.google.com+(pulled+into+system!)
- 37. Architecture(Components • Resources • Services+(Applications) • MetaQInformation • Spaces • Operational+Context • Trusted • Secure • Performance
- 40. Delegation(to(a(trusted(Notary(for( nonFRepudiation(of(Transaction NOT%SO%SIMPLE% ACCESS%MECHANISM
- 44. Minimal(Risk(Surface • 8+interactions+→+2 • Surface+area+of+attack+is+1+single+constrained+point+ (minimized+– cannot+be+smaller) • Trust+delegated+from+B+to+Notary+within+unique+ oneQtime+“envelope+of+trust”+(provable+and+ measurable)+ • NonQblocking+logical+architecture+– tear+down/bring+ up+and+it+carries+on • Total+time+for+roundQtrip+20ms+(12ms+PKI+sign+alone!)
- 45. …(Software(Program(vs(SYSTEM • …+system+of+endpoints+ • (micro)service+infrastructure • …+systemic+memoization+=+capture+system+state • …+systemQwide+optimization+of+caching+resources • …+system+wide+patterns+of+spatial+architectures • …+systemQwide+realQtime+logging+ • …+systemQwide+performance+tuning • …+system+wide+separation:+physical+vs+logical+layer • …+system+loadQbalances+over+multiQcore+
- 50. ROC(Performance • 2Qcomputation • Resolution • Execution • Performance+must+suffer • NO,+performance+improves! • Load+balances+inside++Q linear+scaling+multiQcore
- 51. Scalability
- 53. APP(+(its(Ecosystem Operating+ Environment Application Physical' Compute' Resources Changing+Externalities Q New+Requirements Q Policy+Mandates Q Security,+Confidentiality URI URI URI
- 54. Dynamic(Import
- 55. Adaptive(Configurations • Introduce+new+functions • Software • Declare+an+import+in+the+location+where+we+want+to+ access+it • Statically+declared • ROC+/+NetKernel • Dynamically+configured • Dynamic+Configuration+itself+Dynamically+Configured • Both%Bottom%Up%and%Top%Down