The document discusses the five areas of expertise of a software architect:
1. Technology - Having strong technical skills including writing code, understanding technologies, and solving difficult problems.
2. Technical communication - Effectively communicating technical concepts to both technical and non-technical audiences.
3. Human communication - Having strong empathy, influencing, and communication skills to work with various teams.
4. Domain knowledge - Understanding the business domain including customers, competitors, and market factors.
5. Architectural methods - Applying design principles, patterns, and processes to software architecture.
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