REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style for building distributed systems. It relies on a standardized interface and defines resources, which are any information systems expose, and four basic operations: GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. The key advantages of REST include standardization, which allows for scalability and decoupling of components, as well as presenting the same interface to both humans and computers. Everything in a RESTful system is a resource that can be operated on through these standard operations.