Review on Design & Implementation of Road Side Symbol Detection In VANET

Mr. SACHIN GANJARE.Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 5, ( Part -6) May 2015, pp.116-119
www.ijera.com 116 | P a g e
Review on Design & Implementation of Road Side Symbol
Detection In VANET
Mr. SACHIN GANJARE*, Prof. SHUBHANGI BORKAR**
* (Department Of Computer Science, RTMNU , Nagpur
Nagpur Institute Of Technology, Nagpur)
* * (Department Of Computer Science, RTMNU ,Nagpur , Assistant Professor
Nagpur Institute Of Technology, Nagpur )
Abstract—
Establishment of vehicular ad-hoc network plays important role in smart traffic management system. Researcher
can create VANET by information sharing of road side unit, vehicle and traffic system & implementing it in real
world. This system implemented to detect road signs from a moving vehicle. In this technology vehicle is able
to detect traffic signs which are on the road side boards e.g. "speed limit" or "school" or "turn ahead". Consider
a condition, user is driving a car at night or in rainy season then it is not possible for driver to keep watch on
each and every road symbol or the message plates like turn, speed breaker, school, diversion etc. Here in this
proposed system every road side board or symbol will use one signal transmitter and the moment vehicle passes
from that road side board the vehicle will receive signals with the help of receiver and indicates the symbol on
LCD display which is in the car. So that the driver can able to concentrate on driving vehicle.
Key Words: In-Car System, Microcontroller, RF, RSU, VANET
I. Introduction
In day-to-day life due to different reasons
vehicle driver can face various problems while
driving vehicle. Consider an urban area with
number of vehicles. While driving vehicle drivers
are interested to get information about their route.
For example, driver want to get traffic conditions
one mile ahead or one mile before, availability of
oil pumps, also availability of hospitals, hotels etc.
This type of information is useful for driver to
optimize their journey, to avoid accidents, to avoid
unnecessary driving, to avoid traffic jam. These
pictures tells the problem which driver have to
faced during driving. Due to various reasons the
problems raised may be rusting of symbols on road
side due to whether, hidden symbols in the trees or
somewhat collapsed. Due to these various reasons
many times while driving driver cannot able to see
symbols clearly and may mismatch the massage on
road side boards and also not able to drive
concentrately. This may lead to cause accidents.
"Fig.1 current scenario"
So, to avoid the problems of driver we are
implementing this system. Normally road sign
firstly represented by colors such as brown, blue,
green, red etc. Secondly they are in specific shapes
like square, circular, triangular, octagonal etc.
Thirdly the contents of road side symbols
depending on application of symbol. In VANET
for passing information of vehicles important thing
is its infrastructure. The database which is mobile
distributed stored at fixed location which is updated
with an accuracy, overhead, acceptable delay is big
challenge. The contents of road side symbols
mainly focuses by this proposed system. This
system alerts driver about upcoming symbol on
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

road side boards so that it helps to avoid accidents
mainly.
II. Literature Survey
For applications of vehicular such as
intelligent transportation systems (ITSs),
navigation, and location-based services (LBSs).
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs), such
as the Global Positioning System (GPS) there is
need of Real time position information, are the
most useful positioning tools which can be
considered for these applications.[1],[2],[3]. Earlier
sign detection technology performs tasks like
detection, tracking and classification along with
detection technique of colour and shape.[4]
1) In April 2014, Noopur Patne and Mangala
Madankar published a paper on “Design and
implementation of traffic information sharing
through road side unit”. In this symbols on road
side unit are detected by vehicle in-car-system but
the road side units are battery operated.
2) In 2014, S.S.Meshram, Mrs. S.S.Golait Mr. N.A.
Ghodichor published a paper on “Inter-
Infrastructure and Vehicle Communication for
Traffic Information Sharing in VANET”. In this
the system is able to share infrastructure to vehicle
and vehicle to vehicle communication with
massage, sign and symbol detection.
3) In March 2013, Nima Alam, Asghar Tabatabaei,
and Andrew G. Dempster, published a paper on ”
Relative Positioning Enhancement in VANETs”.
In this relative positioning is used for many
applications, including collision avoidance and
LBSs, Global Navigation Satellite Systems
(GNSSs). Cooperative positioning (CP) techniques,
used to improve performance of VANET. But the
VANET CP systems are mostly based on radio
ranging which is not viable
4) In DEC- 2012, Nazmus S. Nafi and Jamil Y.
Khan published a paper on “A VANET based
intelligent road traffic signaling system”. In this
paper they develope a safe and conflict free
movement of vehicles through different roads ,
junctions and other traffic structures. The system
faced difficulty in information gathering, display
road side symbols and building reprogrammable
transmitter module.
III. Comparision Table
Sr
No
Authers
Name
Title Of
Paper
Technique
Approach
1. Noopur
Patne
Mangala
Madankar
Design and
implementa
tion of
traffic
information
sharing
through
road side
unit(2014)
In this RF
Technique is used
by which a vehicle
is able to recognize
the traffic signs
which are on the
road e.g. "speed
limit" or "school"
or "turn ahead".
And RSU’s are
battery operated.
2. S.S.Meshr
am, Mrs.
S.S.Golait
,Mr.N.A
Ghodichor
Inter-
Infrastructu
re and
Vehicle
Communic
ation for
Traffic
Informatio
n Sharing
in VANET
(2014)
In this VANET
field has been used
which causes
vehicle to vehicle
communication and
also share
information like
vehicle location,
vehicle health.
3. Nima
Alam,
Asghar
Tabatabai,
and
Andrew
G.
Dempster
Relative
Positioning
Enhanceme
nt in
VANETs
(2013)
In this paper a CP
method is presented
to improve the
relative positioning
between two
vehicles within a
VANET fusing the
available low-level
Global Positioning
System (GPS) data.
The proposed
outperforms
differential GPS
(DGPS)..
4. Nazmus
S. Nafi
and Jamil
Y.Khan
A VANET
based
intelligent
road traffic
signaling
system
(2012)
In this adaptive
signalling schemes
optimizes the
signals duration
based on real time
traffic estimation
technique. The
adaptive signalling
systems, vehicle
mobility model,
communication
netwok model
cooperate with each
other within same
control platform.

IV. Proposed System
In the existing system of displaying massages
on road side boards, the driver is not able to see
massages status continuously. The google map
facilitates satellite view and available destinations
on the digital data, also it is not feasible to add each
and every symbol and message board on Google
map with regular basis updation. The research idea
of the system which consists of microcontroller,
LCD display, transmitter and receiver is shown in
figure below. For example a driver driving a
vehicle at night or in rainy season then it is not
possible for driver to see every massage or road
side symbols like speed breaker, railway crossing,
oil pumps etc. Therefore to solve such issues a
system is proposed which will lead to get over its
drawbacks. So that driver drive the vehicle safely
and he has available information of his route.
ReceiverMCDisplay Transmitter
MC Memory
MC
Inside Car On Road side
boards
"Fig. 2 research idea"
The proposed system requires developing of
transmitter/receiver (Tx/Rx). A transmitter module
is developed with reprogrammable broadcast
message of symbol code. It will have two mode of
power supply that is battery power or solar power.
For wireless frequency matching and device
identification transmitter consists channel and
device ID setting system. In predefined channel to
read the frequency receiver is there and fetched
broadcasted information of transmitter. A
microcontroller based hardware module is develop
and software code for defined platform is designed
to read information. Develop a LCD or graphics
LCD based display module and write a code to
print defined text or display graphics symbol.
4.1 RF Module (Rx/Tx)
The corresponding frequency range varies
between30 kHz & 300 GHz. In this RF system, the
variations in the amplitude of carrier wave
represents digital data. Such type of modulation is
called as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK). RF
transmission is better than IR (infrared) due to
many reasons. First, signals through RF can travel
for longer distances which is suitable for long
range applications. Also, while IR operates in line-
of-sight mode, RF signals can travel though there is
an obstruction between transmitter & receiver.
Next, RF transmission is more strong and reliable
than IR transmission. RF communication uses a
particular frequency which is needful whereas other
IR emitting sources affects to IR signals. This RF
module consists of an RF Transmitter and an RF
Receiver. The transmitter/receiver (Tx/Rx) pair
operates at a frequency of 434 MHz. An RF
transmitter receives serial data and transmits it
wirelessly through RF through its antenna
connected at pin4. The transmission occurs at the
rate of 1Kbps - 10Kbps. The RF receiver receives
transmitted data which also operate at a frequency
of 434 MHz. The RF module is often used along
with a pair of encoder/decoder.
4.2.Scenario diagram of system
"Fig. 3 block diagram of system"
In this system the signal transmitted by the
transmitter will be received by the Receiver which
will be forward to the processor through port. The
data will be fetched depending on value of port.
Then the software placed inside the circuit will
cause the signals to process and will match the
stored frequencies in the database with the
frequencies detected. If both the frequencies are
matched equally then it will display the information
or massage with the image placed in database, on
the display unit (LCD).
4.3 Radio frequency module

Microcontroller RXD3v
+
-
"Fig 4. block diagram of radio frequency module"
The system is connected to RF module with
parallel port. The software embedded in processor
handles the further processing and displays the
final output on the Screen (LCD). A radio tuner is
needed to tune in to particular frequency.
V. Conclusion
In this paper an approach towards roadside
symbol detection is presented. This system is
designed to assist driver and symbol can be shown
in the car on LCD. So that driver can drive vehicle
concentratelly. If further implemented, this system
can provide more applications such as text
reorganization on the road side boards. The road
side boards should be battery as well as solar
operated so that the system will not be interrupted.
The solar power will remove the limitation of road
side unit and helps to give continues performance
also minimize the maintenance. This system is very
much helpful for the driver on the highways.
References
[1] Noopur Patne, Mangala Madankar, ”Design
And Implementation Of Traffic Information
Sharing Through Road Side Unit” IRF Int.
Conference APRIL 2014.
[2] S.S.Meshram, Mrs. S.S.Golait,Mr.N.A
Ghodichor “Inter-Infrastructure and Vehicle
Communication for Traffic Information
Sharing in VANET” ICAET-2014.
[3] Nima Alam, Asghar Tabatabaei Balaei, and
Andrew G. Dempster, “Relative
Positioning Enhancement in VANETs: A
Tight Integration Approach” IEEE MARCH
2013.
[4] Ahmed HechriAbdellatif Mtibaa,
"Automatic Detection and Recognition of
Road Sign for Driver Assistance
System",IEEE 2012.
[5] Qing Wang, Pingyi Fan, Senior Member,
IEEE, and Khaled Ben Letaief, Fellow,
IEEE, "On the Joint V2I and V2V
Scheduling for Cooperative VANETs With
Network Coding",IEEE 2012.
[6] Nazmus S. Nafi and Jamil Y.Khan “A
VANET based intelligent road traffic
signaling system” School of Electrical
Engineering & Computer Science,
December-2012 IEEE.
[7] Chiung-Yao Fang, Associate Member,
IEEE, Sei-Wang Chen, Senior Member,
IEEE, and"Road-Sign Detection and
Tracking",2011
[8] L. Estevez and N. Kehtarnavaz, “A real-time
histographic approach to road sign
recognition,” in Proc. IEEE Southwest
Symp. Image Anal. Interpretation,1996, pp.
94–100.
[9] J. A. Janet, M. W. White, T. A. Chase, R. C.
Luo, and J. C. Sutto, “Pattern analysis for
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featurebased neural network: Global self-
localization and traffic sign recognition,”in
Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics &
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[10] D. S. Kang, N. C. Griswold, and N.
Kehtarnavaz, “An invariant traffic sign
recognition system based on sequential color
processing and geometrical”.
transformation,” in Proc. IEEE Southwest
Symp. Image Anal. & Interpretation, 1994,
pp. 87–93.
[11] N. Kehtarnavaz and A. Ahmad, “Traffic sign
recognition in noisy outdoor scenes,” in
Proc. Intelligent Vehicles Symp., Detroit,
MI, 1995, pp. 460–465.
[12] S. W. Lu, “Recognition of traffic signs using
a multilayer neural network,”in Proc.
Canadian Conf. Electrical and Computer
Eng., vol. 2,1994, pp. 833–834.
[13] L. 0Priese, R. Lakmann, and V. Rehrmann,
“Ideogram identification in a realtime traffic
sign recognition system,” in Proc. Intelligent
Vehicles Symp., Detroit, MI, 1995, pp. 310–
314.
[14] A. de la Escalera and L. Moreno, “Road
traffic sign detection and
classification,”IEEE Trans. Ind. Electrom.,
vol. 44, pp. 847–859, 1997.
[15] R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, Digital
Image Processing. Reading, MA: Addison-
Wesley, 1993.
[16] M. Lalonde and Y. Li, “Detection of road
signs using color indexing,”Centre de
Recherche Informatique de Montreal,
Montreal, QC, Canada, CRIM-IT-95/12–49,
1995.
[16] W. Ritter, “Traffic sign recognition in color
image sequence,” in Proc.Intelligent
Vehicles Symp., 1990, pp. 12–17.

Review on Design & Implementation of Road Side Symbol Detection In VANET

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