rigid and flexiable pavement design ppt
- 1. APEX GROUP OF INSTITUTION SITAPURA , JAIPUR • A INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION ON “CONSTRCTION NATIONAL HIGHWAY PROJECT” SUBMITTED TO : SUBMITTED BY: MR.PUSHPENDRA SHARMA RAKESH (ASS. PROF.) B.TECH.(CIVIL) 7TH SEM. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING ROLL NO.-15EAGCE066
- 2. STATEMENT OF PROJECT • PROJECT NAME : NH 112- 4-LANING OF BAR-BILARA JODHPUR ROAD PROJECT • NH NO. : 112 • LENGTH : 111KM • PROJECT COST : 895 CRORE • CONTRACTOR`S NAME : LAESEN & TOUBRO LIMITED • AUTHORITY : NHAI • PROJECT MANAGER : MR. K. CHINNASWAMY
- 3. PROJECT DETAILS • BYPASSES : 2 (1) BAR – 3.25 KM (2) BILARA – 6.70 KM • FLYOVERS : 4 • PEDESTRIAN UNDER PASSES : 3 • MAJOR BIRDGES : 4 • SCHEDULED TIME OF COMPLETION : 30 MONTHS • PAVEMENT TYPE : RIGID & FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS
- 4. ROAD STRUCTURE There are two main types of pavement. 1. Flexible Pavement 2. Rigid Pavement 1. Flexible pavement 2. Rigid pavement
- 5. RIGID PAVEMENT ROAD Rigid pavement is the technical term any road surface made of concrete. The largest advantages to using concrete pavement are in its durability and ability to hold a shape. Having high flexural strength. Have low repairing cost but completion cost is high. Eco friendly process. Vehicles consume less fuel.
- 6. Rigid pavements have sufficient flexural strength to transmit the wheel load stresses to wider area below. Bending of slab due to wheel load and temperature variation and the resulting Tensile and compressive stress.
- 7. Components of rigid pavement: 1. Surface course 2. Sub-base course 3. Drainage layer 4. Subgrade
- 8. •Sub-grade : The top soil or subgrade is layer of natural soil prepared to receive the stresses from the layers above. It is essential that at no time soil subgrade is overstressed. It should be compacted to the desirable density, near the optimum moisture content. Test on sub-grade:- 1. CBR TEST 2. NDG TEST 3. PROCTOR COMPACTION TEST
- 9. 1. CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST: CBR test is the ratio of force per unit area required to penetrate a soil mass with standard circular piston at the rate of 1.25 mm/min. to that required for the corresponding penetration of standard material. CBR = (test load/standard load)*100 • The material used should pass 20mm sieve but should be retained on 4.75mm sieve. • CBR value for sandy soil: 5-40 for silty soil : 3-15 for clay soil: 3-10
- 11. 2. FIELD DENSITY TEST BY NUCLEAR DENSITY GAUGE: • NDG are used to determine compaction acceptance of earth-work , granular and stabilised pavement materials and asphalt. • It consists of a radiation source that emits cloud of particles and sensor. • Minimum % of compaction for- i. OGL – 95-96% at mode depth 150mm ii. Subgrade- 97-98% at mode depth 250mm. • Moisture content limit is 5-15%.
- 13. PROCTOR COMPACTION TEST:- The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of determining the optimum moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its max. dry density. • bulk density in gm/cm3 Yb= (W2-W1)/Vm W1=weight in gm of mould + base plate W2=weight in gm of mould + base plate + soil Vm=volume of mould i.e. 1000 cm3 dry density in gm/cm3 Yd= 100Yb/(100+M) M= moisture content in soil
- 15. GRANULAR SUB-BASE COURSE • A layer of granular material provided in between the subgrade and the base course in a road pavement. • It is provided as an additional layer when subgrade is of poor quality. • Provide strength and support to the overlying pavement • Provide drainage TEST LIST FOR GSB COURSE:- 1. Sieve analysis test – IS:2386, part-1 2. Proctor test – IS: 2720, part-8 3. CBR test – IS:2720, part-16 4. Aggregate impact value test – IS:2720, part-4 5. Field density test by sand replacement method – IS:2720, part-28
- 16. • Field density test by sand replacement method – IS:2720, part-28 :- The dry density of the compacted soil or pavement material is a common measure of the amount of the compaction achieved during the construction. Knowing the field density and field moisture content, the dry density is calculated.
- 17. DRY LEAN CONCRETE:- In highway construction required a layer of DLC as a base coarse over which pavement. DLC as mostly manufactured with OPC as per IRC and min. cement in it shall not less than 150 kg/m^3 of concrete. The average compressive strength of DLC mix shall not be less than 10 mpa at 7 days. The thickness of DLC layer is 100 mm. The slump of concrete is zero.
- 18. Paving of dry lean concrete layer Paving of pavement quality concrete layer
- 19. PAVEMENT QUALITY CONCRETE:- • It is the upper most layer of concrete on which the loads are acting directly and transferred to the underneath layers such as base and sub-base layers. • The grade of concrete for PQC is generally M40 as per IRC:15- 2002. • A control mix for PQC was prepared with 400kg/m^3 of opc. • The water cement ratio for this layer is 0.40. • Compressive strength of the mixtures is 40-43 Mpa at 7 days and 54-56 Mpa at 28 days. • The flexural strength of mix is vary between 5.1-6.2 Mpa .
- 20. TESTS ON PQC AND DLC LAYER:- 1. Workability test:- • Workability is defined as the property of Concrete which determines the amount of useful Internal work necessary to produce full compaction. • The concrete slump test measures the consistency of fresh concrete before it sets. • It is performed to check the workability of freshly made concrete, and therefore the ease with which concrete flows.
- 21. 2. Compressive strength test • Compressive strength is capacity of Material or structure to withstand axially Directed pushing forces.
- 22. 3. Flexural strength test:- • Flexural strength is one measure of tensile Strength of concrete. • It is a measure of an un-reinforced concrete Beam or slab to resist failure in bending.
- 25. JOINTS IN CONCRETE PAVEMENT 1. Contraction joint:- contraction joints are provided along the transverse direction to take care of the contraction of concrete slab due to its shrinkage. 2. Construction joint:- construction joint are provided whenever the construction work stops temporarily. The joints direction could be either along the transverse or longitudinal direction.
- 26. 3. Expansion joint:- expansion joints are provided along the transverse direction to allow movement (expansion & contraction ) of the concrete slab due to temperature and sub-grade moisture variation. 4. Warping joint:- warping joints are provided along the longitudinal direction to prevent warping of concrete slab due to temperature and sub-grade moisture variation. DOWEL BAR:- • The purpose of dowel bar is to effectively transfer the load between two concrete slabs and to keep the slabs in same level. • The dowel bars are provided in the direction of traffic as longitudinal direction. • It reduces corner cracking.
- 27. • It links the two adjacent structure by transferring loads across the joints. Dowel bar should confirm to IS- 432 grade 1 (plain MS steel). • It is following generally criteria as- • For slab thickness 250 mm – dia 32, length 450 mm and spacing 300 mm. • For slab thickness 300 mm – dia 38, length 500 mm and spacing 300 mm. TIE BAR:-
- 28. • It is deformed bars and can be called as connector. These are installed by providing suitable chair or these are installed by providing suitable holes in the side forms depending on the size and spacing of bars. • Tie bars are not designed to transfer the load. • Prevent lanes from separation and differential deflections. • Reduce transfer cracking • Its following general criteria as- • For slab thickness 250 mm – dia 16, length 720 mm, spacing 800 mm. • For slab thickness 300 mm – dia 16, length 720 mm, spacing 660 mm.
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