River front development
- 2. • A row of houses, or the part of a town, that is next to a river. • The land or property alongside a river. • A riverfront is a region along a river; often in larger cities that border a river, the riverfront will be lined with marinas, docks, parks, trees, or minor attractions. Today many riverfronts are a staple of modernism and city beautification. DEFINITIONS OF RIVER FRONT
- 3. RIVER FRONT DEVELOPMENT • Waterfront development refers to any development in front of water and a water body; a river, lake, ocean, bay, creek or canal. In the development area, considered that a waterfront development may not necessarily need to be directly fronting water but may only need to look attached to the water. • A more detailed defnition described the waterfront as the interface point where land and water meet, between approximately 200 to 300 meters from the water line and 1 to 2 km to the land site and also takes in land within 20 minutes walking distance.
- 4. TYPES OF WATERFRONTS • The Natural Waterfront, comprising beaches, wetlands, wildlife habitats, sensitive ecosystems and the water itself. • The Public Waterfront, including parks, esplanades, piers, street ends, vistas and waterways that offer public open spaces and waterfront views.
- 5. TYPES OF WATERFRONTS • The Working Waterfront, where water dependent, maritime and industrial uses cluster or where various transportation and municipal facilities are dispersed. • The Redeveloping Waterfront, where land uses have recently changed or where vacant and underutilized properties suggest potential for beneficial change.
- 6. TREND OF WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENTS WORLDWIDE • 1960s - Massive waterfront development began and consequently initiated the world-wide era of waterfront revitalization. • 1970s - Urban waterfront redevelopment bloomed. • 1980s - Accelerated and continued in the future.
- 7. ELEMENTS OF SUCCESSFUL WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT
- 8. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER FRONT AREA
- 9. WATER FRONT AS A PUBLIC SPACE • Promotes human contact and social activities. • Has design and architectural features that are visually interesting. • Promotes community involvement. • Reflects the local culture or history. • Relates well to bordering uses. • Is well maintained. • Has a unique or special character. IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC SPACES A public space may be a gathering spot or part of a neighborhood, downtown, special district, waterfront, or other area within the public realm that helps promote social interaction and a sense of community.
- 11. • Sabarmati Riverfront is a waterfront being developed along the banks of Sabarmati river in Ahmedabad, India. • Proposed in 1960s, the construction began in 2005. Since 2012, the waterfront is gradually opened to public as and when facilities are constructed and various facilities are actively under construction. • The major objectives of project are environment improvement, social infrastructure and sustainable development. Sabarmati river and under construction promenade
- 12. AHMEDABAD AND SABARMATI RIVER • The city was founded in 1411 along the river banks. • The river originates from the foothills of Aravalli ranges near Udaipur, Rajasthan, and flows downstream passing through Ahmedabad till Gulf of Cambay. • The 109-km river runs across a stretch of about 55 km through Ahmedabad. It is this stretch that is developed as an ambitious urban renewal project.
- 13. SABARMATI AND GROWTH OF AHMEDABAD
- 14. NEED FOR RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT The intensive uses took their toll on the river. • Untreated sewage flowed into the river through storm water outfalls and dumping of industrial waste posed a major health and environmental hazard. • The river bank settlements were disastrously prone to floods and lacked basic infrastructure facilities. Lacklustre development took shape along the riverfront. Such conditions made the river inaccessible and it became a virtual divide between the two parts of the city. Original condition of the river near Vadaj Dry riverbed with slums along the riverbanks and lacklustre development along the riverfront
- 15. PROJECT OBJECTIVES • The project aims to provide Ahmedabad with a meaningful waterfront environment along the banks of the Sabarmati River and to redefine an identity of Ahmedabad around the river. The project looks to reconnect the city with the river and positively transform the neglected aspects of the riverfront. • The objectives of this multidimensional project can be categorised under three topics- • Environmental Improvement: reduction in erosion and flood to safeguard the city; sewage diversion to clean the river; water retention and recharge. • Social Infrastructure: rehabilitation and resettlement of riverbed dwellers and activities; creation of parks and public spaces; provision of socio-cultural amenities for the city. • Sustainable Development: generation of resources, revitalisation of neighbourhoods.
- 16. THE CHALLENGES • 12000 hutments on both banks of the river occupying nearly 20% of critical project area. • Unorganized Gujari Bazaar of more than 1200 vendors on the eastern bank and Court Litigation. • Nearly 200 Dhobis using both the banks of the river for washing activities. • Thoroughly polluted and contaminated Sabarmati through 40 storm water outlets.
- 17. FEATURES • The reduction of the riverbed from a variable width of 600- 300 m to a fix width of 275 m, thus reclaiming 185 ha of land. • The construction of RCC diaphragm walls (10-20 m depth) and anchor slabs (10 m) to prevent the riverbanks from erosion. After the finishing the anchor slab is turned in the so-called lower promenade. • The construction of interceptor sewers on both the riverbanks able to prevent the waste water to flow directly into the river and diverting it to the two sewage treatment plants of vasna and pirana. • The construction of RCC retaining walls (2.5 - 9 m) to protect the city from flooding. The height of the walls is determined by the 100-year flood level. An upperpromenade is created on top of the retaining walls.
- 19. • Riverbanks of the Sabarmati before the project • Riverbanks of the Sabarmati after the project
- 20. LAND USE MAP
- 25. RECREATION MAP
- 26. • The key feature of this project is a two-level, continuous promenade at the water’s edge along each bank of the river. The lower level promenade is built just above the water level and an upper level promenade.Together these provide Ahmedabad with an uninterrupted, pedestrian walkway, of 11.3km in length, in the heart of the city.
- 27. LOWER-LEVEL PROMENADE The lower-level promenade is built just above the water level to serve pedestrians and cyclists solely and to provide access to the water.
- 28. The width of the promenade varies from 6-18m. Facilities provided at the River Promenade include: • Access points from the city level via staircases and ramps at regular intervals. • Lifts or elevators to make lower-level promenade accessible for people with disabilities. • Concrete paved fooring which can support walking, jogging and cycling. • Continuous seating arrangement at the river’s edge along with protective railing. • Platforms at regular intervals for regulated and organized vending activities.
- 29. The upper level promenade shall host a variety of public features at the city level. UPPER LEVEL PROMINADE
- 30. 31 NOS Ghats punctuate the lower-level river promenade at planned intervals to provide access to the water. These have been designed at strategic locations to enable continuation of cultural activities along the water. GHATS
- 31. BOATING STATIONS 3 NOS Boating Stations have been provided at the lower-level River Promenade to enable recreational boating in the river as well as a water-based mode of public transport in the future. Three boating stations have been completed so far. First station is located on the eastern bank near Subhash Bridge. The other two stations are located downstream on the western bank, near Nehru Bridge and Sardar Bridge, respectively.
- 32. RIVERFRONT PARK: SUBHASH BRIDGE Area 6 ha The park is envisaged as an extension of Gandhiji’s Sabarmati Ashram, across the river, providing a serene and contemplative backdrop to the Ashram and maximising this vista. Simultaneously, it will serve as a much needed park for Shahibaug-Dudheshwar neighbourhoods. The park has been designed to meet the needs of a diverse range of people.
- 33. RIVERFRONT PARK: USMANPURA Area 1.8 ha The park is one of the many public gardens created along the riverfront in this project. It will serve as a neighbourhood park and strengthen the green space network on the western part of the city. The park has been open to the public following its formal inauguration on October 16, 2013 by Gujarat Chief Minister- Shri Narendra Modi.
- 34. AMUSEMENT PARK Area 0.9 ha This park will be a hub of thematic areas with an informative and entertaining environment. The facility will provide interactive exhibitions, holographic displays and animatronics to recreate pre- historic living creatures, historic episodes and traditional architecture.
- 35. FLOWER GARDEN Area 5 ha This garden has been envisioned as a venue for Ahmedabad’s Annual Flower Show- an event for exhibition and sale of native and exotic species of plants and flowers. Throughout the year, the garden shall serve as a neighbourhood park.
- 37. URBAN FOREST: PALDI Area 10.4 ha The proposed forest, downstream of the river is envisioned as a significant green resource for the city. The site extends from Paldi to Vasna Barrage with a coverage of more than 10hectares. Ambedkar Bridge divides the site into two. The northern part of the site will act as neighbourhood park for the dense residential areas in Paldi while the southern part will be a developed as a city-level urban forest, a densely wooded area with a botanical garden. Building within the site will be minimal to maintain the character of an urban forest.
- 38. PLAZA: VALLABHSADAN Area 0.5 ha The plaza, located on the River Promenade-West between Nehru Bridge and Gandhi Bridge, is visualized as a pedestrian promenade lined by arcades which will provide a shaded environment. Staircases and elevators for handicapped access connect the plaza at regular intervals to the lower-level promenade and the river.
- 39. PLAZA: GANDHI ASHRAM Owing to its significance as a national heritage site, Gandhi Ashram is the only property that opens up directly onto the river. The series of wide steps that presently lead down from the Ashram, connect to the lower level-River Promenade. This space is envisioned as a multi-functional public space. The visualizations show the transformation of the space into an amphitheatre, where the existing steps serve as seating.
- 40. RIVERFRONT PARK: KHANPUR Area 1.4 ha The linear park extends between Gandhi Bridge and Nehru Bridge on the eastern riverbank and is planned with secure play areas for children, walking, jogging and other recreational facilities, and areas for outdoor performances and concerts.
- 41. HERITAGE PLAZA The linear plaza is located along the fort wall between Nehru Bridge and Ellis Bridge on the east. With the historic backdrop of the fort wall, heritage structures and monuments such as Bhadra Fort, Ahmedshah Mosque, Siddi Sayyed Mosque and Bhadrakali Temple in the vicinity, the plaza is strategically located within the historic context. It has been envisioned as a pedestrian public space with outdoor exhibits to represent the rich and diverse heritage of Ahmedabad, making it a central tourist destination for the city.
- 42. PALDI SPORTS COMPLEX Area 7.1 ha The proposed complex near Paldi aims to provide city-level sports facilities on the western bank.
- 43. PIRANA SPORTS GROUND Area 4.2 ha The proposed ground at Pirana aims to provide a multi-functional maidan on the eastern bank for informal sports and recreational uses.
- 44. SHAHPUR SPORTS CENTRE Area 2.4 ha The proposed centre at Shahpur will offer neighbourhood-level sports facilities on the eastern bank.
- 45. LAUNDRY CAMPUS Area 0.9 ha A laundry campus has been created to provide state-of-the-art facilities for the washing community that traditionally used the river banks for laundering.
- 46. SUCCESS STORIES • The Sabarmati Riverfront Project add almost 10,00,000 sq. mts. of parks, promenades and plazas to Ahmedabad. • The Sabarmati Riverfront Project help provide Ahmedabad with many new cultural trade and social institutions (36,000 Sq.m). • Creating of City Level Recreational Activities – Water Sports and Floating restaurants. • Tourist attraction. • Recharge of Ground water Aquifers of the city • Continuous Green coverage along the river corridor. • Elimination of Flood Hazard. • Creating Vibrant Urban neighborhoods and beautification of the city.
- 47. INFERENCES River front qualities Points to think when designing a riverfront • Access and linkage • Edge uses • Attractions and destinations • Identify and image • Amenities • Water uses • Flexibility in design • Seasonal strategy • Landuse management • Diverse funding sources
- 48. • http://www.sabarmatiriverfront.com/ • http://www.slideshare.net/alagar2012/riverfront-report-final020713 • http://www.slideshare.net/syamsd3/urban-design-sabarmati • https://www.scribd.com/doc/311099307/Riverfront-Development BIBLIOGRAPHY
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