Sage tissues
- 1. Tissues
- 2. Cell • A cell is the smallest living unit possible of sustaining life. • Some organisms can exist as only one cell. • We as humans are multicellular organisms made of multiple cells organized into specified tissues
- 3. Tissues • Tissues – Groups of cells similar in structure that perform common or related function • Histology – Study of tissues
- 4. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.1 Levels of structural organization. Slide 3 Atoms Molecule Organelle Smooth muscle cell Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules.
- 5. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.1 Levels of structural organization. Slide 4 Atoms Molecule Organelle Smooth muscle cell Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Smooth muscle tissue
- 6. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.1 Levels of structural organization. Slide 5 Atoms Molecule Organelle Smooth muscle cell Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Smooth muscle tissue Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Blood vessel (organ) Smooth muscle tissue Connective tissue Epithelial tissue Organ level Organs are made up of different types of tissues.
- 7. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.1 Levels of structural organization. Slide 6 Atoms Molecule Organelle Smooth muscle cell Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Smooth muscle tissue Cardiovascular system Heart Blood vessels Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Blood vessel (organ) Smooth muscle tissue Connective tissue Organ level Organs are made up of different types of tissues. Organ system level Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely. Epithelial tissue
- 8. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.1 Levels of structural organization. Slide 7 Atoms Molecule Organelle Smooth muscle cell Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Smooth muscle tissue Cardiovascular system Heart Blood vessels Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Blood vessel (organ) Smooth muscle tissue Connective tissue Organ level Organs are made up of different types of tissues. Organismal level The human organism is made up of many organ systems. Organ system level Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely. Epithelial tissue
- 9. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Types of Primary Tissues • Epithelial tissue – Covers • Connective tissue – Supports • Muscle tissue – Produces movement • Nerve tissue – Controls
- 10. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. • Brain • Spinal cord • Nerves Nervous tissue: Internal communication • Muscles attached to bones (skeletal) • Muscles of heart (cardiac) • Muscles of walls of hollow organs (smooth) Muscle tissue: Contracts to cause movement Epithelial tissue: Forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters • Lining of digestive tract organs and other hollow organs • Skin surface (epidermis) • Bones • Tendons • Fat and other soft padding tissue Connective tissue: Supports, protects, binds other tissues together Figure 4.1 Overview of four basic tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.
- 11. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Epithelial Tissue (Epithelium) • Form boundaries • Two main types (by location) – Covering and lining epithelia • On external and internal surfaces (ie: Skin, Digestive lining) – Glandular epithelia • Secretory tissue in glands
- 12. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. • Brain • Spinal cord • Nerves Nervous tissue: Internal communication • Muscles attached to bones (skeletal) • Muscles of heart (cardiac) • Muscles of walls of hollow organs (smooth) Muscle tissue: Contracts to cause movement Epithelial tissue: Forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters • Lining of digestive tract organs and other hollow organs • Skin surface (epidermis) • Bones • Tendons • Fat and other soft padding tissue Connective tissue: Supports, protects, binds other tissues together Figure 4.1 Overview of four basic tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.
- 13. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Connective Tissue • Most abundant and widely distributed of primary tissues • Four main classes – Connective tissue proper – Cartilage – Bone – Blood
- 14. Figure 40.5ba Blood Connective Tissue Plasma White blood cells 55 m Red blood cells Cartilage Chondrocytes Chondroitin sulfate 100 m Adipose tissue Fat droplets 150 m Bone Central canal Osteon 700 m Nuclei Fibrous connective tissue Elastic fiber 30 m 120 m Collagenous fiber Loose connective tissue
- 15. Muscle Tissue • Muscle tissue consists of long cells called muscle fibers, which contract in response to nerve signals
- 16. Nervous Tissue • Nervous tissue senses stimuli and transmits signals throughout the animal • Nervous tissue contains – Neurons, or nerve cells, that transmit nerve impulses – Glial cells, or glia, that help nourish, insulate, and replenish neurons © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
- 17. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.3d The body’s organ systems and their major functions. Brain Nerves Spinal cord Nervous System As the fast-acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands.