Sandeep yadav ppt

SANDEEP KUMAR YADAV
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ROLL NO. CSJMA12001390272
UIET CSJM UNIVERSITY
KANPUR

INTRODUCTION
 AUTOTRONICS= AUTOMOBILE + ELECTRONICS
 first electronic part in an automobile was called an ECU
(Engine control unit)
 Analysts estimate that more than 80 percent of all automotive
innovation now stems from electronics
FIG.2 [2]

HISTORY:
TIMELINE:
 1970’s: Introduction of electronics for engine controls
 1980’s: Anti-lock braking introduced
 Early 1990’s: Airbags become standard
 Late 1990’s: Rapid expansion of body electronics – seat
motors
 Computers, instrument panel lighting, auto locking systems and
keyless entry
 Early 2000’s to date: infotainment, including sophisticated
audio and video ; Signals sent via satellite (such as the OnStar
System); GPS and mapping Capabilities; satellite radio
 Late 2000’s: Steer-by-wire, wireless connectivity

Automobile applications of autotronics
in following domains:
• Braking system
• Steering system
• Suspension system
• Transmission system
• Engine (fuel intake)

Braking system
 EBS increases traffic safety through
reduced stopping distance and improved
brake stability.
Functions In ECB:
 Anti-lock braking system (ABS):
 Traction control system (TCS)
 Brake lining wear control
FIG.3[3]

ABS:
 ABS is an acronym for anti-lock braking system. First
developed and patented in 1936, ABS is actually derived from
the German term "anti blockier system."
 Anti-lock brakes are designed to prevent skidding and help
drivers maintain steering control during an emergency stopping
situation
Difference between ABS & Traction Control
 ABS
manage the grip of the tires for braking maneuver
 Traction Control
manage the grip of the tires for accelerating maneuver

STEERING SYSTEM
 The self-alignment estimation
control uses both the EPS sensor
information and internally
programmed EPS control.
Speed sensitive steering system:
 Used to control the power
steering pump pressure in relation to vehicle speed.
 Below 10mph (16km/h) the computer operates the steering
 This action reduces the steering effort during low speed
maneuver and parking.

 Electrically powered steering
uses an electric motor to drive
either the power steering
hydraulic pump or the steering
directly.
 Steering sensor" is located
on the input shaft where
it enters the gearbox housing.
 An interface circuit that
same housing converts the
signals from the torque sensor and rotation sensor into signals.
 The vehicle motion estimation control uses the steering angular
velocity information internally programmed in the EPS system.
 This control helps improve yaw damping of the vehicle at higher
speeds on the road.
Sensors
 Accelerating sensor ,displacement sensors, Steering wheel position

SUSPENSION SYSTEM
 suspension systems in most vehicles on the road today are
passive.
 Shock absorbers help to dissipate the energy applied to the
springs and damp the oscillations .
Active Roll Control Systems :
 Vehicles lean when cornering due to the weight transfer
imposed by lateral acceleration. Factors contributing to the roll
angle of the vehicle include vehicle height and suspension
stiffness.
 ARC system uses hydraulic and electronic technology to the
vehicle roll angle in cornering, which improves handling.

The active roll control system contains
 Control module,
 Accelerometer,
 Speed sensor,
 Fluid reservoir,
 Electrohydraulic pump,
 Pressure control valve,
 Directional control valve, FIG.4[4]
 A hydraulic actuator in both the
front and rear stabilizer bars .

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
 Mainly it controls the shifting process of the gears.
 Electronically controlled transmissions were introduced on
BMW products in 1986 on 5 and7 series vehicles.
 The TCM also adapts to changing conditions within the
transmission by monitoring slip ratios .
 The TCM controls the operation of the Lock-Up Torque
Converter which further increases economy
ADVANTAGES:
 Increased fuel economy
 Improved shift comfort
 Increased driving safety

Electronic Fuel Injection
 EFI system electronically
meters the fuel so that the
exact amount needed is provided
to the engine.
 EFI uses to fuel to power the
engine by pumping it forcibly FIG.5[4]
by using high pressure through a
small nozzle or valve.
 A high-pressure fuel pump that produces high fuel
pressures (5 to 12 MPa)

ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL
 It automatically adjusts the
vehicle speed and distance to
that of a target vehicle.
 ACC uses a long range radar
sensor to detect a target
vehicle up to 200 meters in
front of vehicle.
 As per standard cruise control FIG.6[4]
the driver can override the system at any time.
 Another advantage of this system is that the driver will not
exceed the speed limit on the highway.

Airbags
0000
FIG.7[4]
 The air bag technology is based on electronic sensors that
measure the amount of quick deceleration through an
accelerometer
 The new calculations will take into account the position of the
seats, the use of a seat belt and the weight of the occupants.

Latest research
 Active bumper system,
 active hood lift system,
 vehicle to vehicle communication
 Camber thrust in F 1 vehicles
 Global Positioning System
 Rain sensing wipers
 Adaptive light system

CONCLUSION
 We briefly presented current and future vehicular electronics
system
 An approach that uses modern technique to solve most of the
local vehicular problems.
 The automobile industry and will likely continue as people
always want and expect more from their cars.

REFERENCE
[1] Mechanical Engineering Design by Joseph Shigley.
[2]”Applying Model-Based Design to Commercial Vehicle
Electronics Systems”; Tom Egel, Michael Burke, Michael
Carone, Wensi Jin The Math Works, Inc.; 2008.
[3] Development of EPS+; Sumio MOTOYAMA 2009.
[4] REAL TIME FUEL INJECTION IN SI ENGINE USING
ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION; V. VINOTH KUMAR;
2010.

Sandeep yadav ppt

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