SAPA(Science A Process Approch)
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SAPA (Science - A Process Approach) was developed in 1963 to teach students science process skills that are essential for understanding science information. SAPA breaks skills down into smaller steps that build upon each other from basic to more advanced skills. It emphasizes developing skills like observing, classifying, measuring in primary grades and controlling variables, formulating hypotheses in intermediate grades. Studies found students learning through SAPA outperformed those in traditional programs on achievement measures. SAPA aimed to equip students with thinking skills to solve future problems.
SAPA(Science A Process Approch)
- 1. SCIENCE A PROCESS APPROACH(SAPA) THOSHINA THOMAS KEYI SAHIB TRAINING COLLEGE TALIPARAMBA
- 2. There are three programs developed during the decade after Sputnik .These are Science A Process Approach(SAPA), Science Curriculum Improvement Study(SCIS) and the Elementary Science Study(ESS).
- 3. Science - A Process Approach (SAPA) SAPA’s prime assumption is that children need to learn how to do science and this means acquiring the skills essential to learning and understanding science information.These knowledge acquiring skills are called cognitive skills or process skills and are similar to the procedures used by scientists to acquire new knowledge.
- 4. American Association for the Advancement of Science’s Commission on Science Education assumed that a sequential program was necessary for developing a child’s intellect. In 1963 a team of scientists,psychologist,elementary teachers and curriculum specialists developed plans and materials for trial versions of what became SAPA.
- 5. SAPA is the most structured programme.It’s structure arises from behavioral psychology .The underlying psychological assumptions were that any skill can be broken down in to smaller steps and that children need to learn lower-level skills before they can learn more advanced skills.Original version of SAPA developed in to a set of skills to be mastered through a complex,highly structured heirarchy and step-by-step teaching.
- 6. •SAPA science process skills are divided in to two types ; Basic and Integrated skills .In the primary grades children develop these skills including Observing,Using space / time relationships,Classifying,Using numbers,Measuring etc.In the intermediate grades children use these skills as a foundation for developing more complex skills like controlling variables,Interpreting data,Formulating hypothesis etc. •It is a unique programme that emphasises science skills over content. •SAPA’s intention is to equip each child with the thinking skills that can be used to solve problems they find in the future.
- 7. SAPA Programme effects Several framers were reported that students learning science in the SAPA programme outperformed children who learned from traditional science programmes by seven statistically significant percentile points on measures of achievement.