Savi atomic structure
- 4. ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄ«£À §UÉÎ Qæ¸ÀÛ ¥ÀƪÀð DgÀ£Éà ±ÀvÀªÀiÁ£ÀzÀ°è w½¹zÀªÀgÀÄ ¨sÁgÀwÃAiÀÄ ªÀĺÀ¶ð PÀuÁzÀgÀÄ ¥ÀgÀªÀÄ JAzÀgÉ PÉÆ£ÉAiÀÄ/ CAwªÀÄ; CtÄ JAzÀgÉ PÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ
- 5. 460 BC aQæ¸ÀÛ ¥ÀƪÀð LzÀ£Éà ±ÀvÀªÀiÁ£ÀzÀ°è qɪÉÆÃPÉæn¸ï JA§ VæÃPÀ vÀvÀéeÁÕ¤ ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄ JA§ÄzÀÄ ªÀÄvÉÛ «¨sÀf¸À¯ÁUÀzÀ ¸ÀÆPÀëöä PÀt
- 6. Defining the Atom • The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the Greek word “atomos”) –He believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible –His ideas did agree with later scientific theory, but did not explain chemical behavior, and was not based on the scientific method – but just philosophy
- 7. eÁ£ï qÁ®Ö£ï£À ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄ ¹zÁÝAvÀ • J®è ªÀ¸ÀÄÛUÀ¼ÀÄ ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄ JA§ ªÀÄvÉÛ «¨sÀf¸À¯ÁUÀzÀ ¸ÀÆPÀëöä PÀtUÀ½AzÀ DVzÉ. • ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÀȶָÀĪÀÅzÁUÀ°, £Á±À ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÁUÀ° ¸ÁzsÀå«®è. • ¨ÉÃgÉ ¨ÉÃgÉ ªÀÄÆ®ªÀ¸ÀÄÛUÀó¼À°ègÀĪÀ ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄUÀ¼ÀÄ ¥ÀgÀ¸ÀàgÀ
- 8. Dalton’s Atomic Theory (experiment based!) 3) Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratios to form chemical compounds 4) In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged – but never changed into atoms of another 1) All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms 2) Atoms of the same element are identical. Atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element. John Dalton (1766 – 1844)
- 9. J.J. Thomson (Late 1800’s)
- 10. J J Thomson
- 11. eÉ. eÉ. xÁªÀÄì£ï gÀªÀgÀ ¥ÀæAiÉÆÃUÀ
- 12. «¸Àdð£Á £À½PÉ
- 13. gÀÄuÁUÀæ QgÀtUÀ¼À£ÀÄß «zÀÄåvï PÉëÃvÀæPÉÌ M¼À¥Àr¹zÁUÀ zsÀ£ÁUÀæzÀ PÀqÉUÉ ZÀ°¸ÀÄvÀÛªÉ
- 14. PÁåxÉÆÃqï QgÀtUÀ¼À UÀÄtUÀ¼ÀÄ • PÁåxÉÆÃqï QgÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ AiÀiÁAwæPÀ ZÀ®£É ºÉÆA¢zÀ PÀtUÀ¼À ¥ÀæªÁºÀ • PÁåxÉÆÃqï QgÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ gÀÄt «zÀÄåzÀA±ÀªÀ£ÀÄß ºÉÆA¢gÀÄvÀÛzÉ. • F PÀtUÀ¼À (E¯ÉPÁÖç£ï ) DªÉñÀ ¸ÀASÉå -1 CVgÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
- 15. MODEL OF ATOM
- 16. Modern Cathode Ray Tubes Cathode ray tubes pass electricity through a gas that is contained at a very low pressure. Television Computer Monitor
- 17. Mass of the Electron 1916 – Robert Millikan determines the mass of the electron: 1/1840 the mass of a hydrogen atom; has one unit of negative charge The oil drop apparatus Mass of the electron is 9.11 x 10-28 g
- 19. gÀAzsÀæAiÀÄÄPÀÛ gÀÄuÁUÀæ «gÀĪÀ «¸Àdð£Á £À½PÉ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¹ zsÀ£ÁUÀæ QgÀtUÀ¼À GvÁàzÀ£É ¥ÀæAiÉÆÃUÀ ªÀiÁrzÀgÀÄ
- 20. zsÀ£ÁUÀæ QgÀtUÀ¼À UÀÄt®PÀëtUÀ¼ÀÄ zsÀ£ÁUÀæ QgÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ zsÀ£À «zÀÄåzÁ«µÀÖ PÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ «zÀÄåvï PÉëÃvÀæ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ PÁAvÀPÉëÃvÀæUÀ½AzÀ «ZÀ®£ÉUÉƼÀUÁUÀÄvÀÛªÉ.
- 21. gÀÄzÀgï ¥ÉÆÃqïðgÀ D¯Áá PÀtUÀ¼À ZÀzÀÄgÀÄ«PÉAiÀÄ ¥ÀæAiÉÆÃUÀ zsÀ£À DªÉñÀ PÀtUÀ¼ÁzÀ D¯Áá PÀtUÀ¼À£ÀÄß vɼÀĪÁzÀ a£ÀßzÀ ºÁ¼ÉAiÀÄ ªÉÄÃ¯É C¥ÀླྀÀĪÀAvÉ ªÀiÁrzÁUÀ ºÉaÑ£À D¯Áá
- 22. Ernest Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment - 1911 Alpha particles are helium nuclei - The alpha particles were fired at a thin sheet of gold foil Particles that hit on the detecting screen (film) are recorded
- 23. gÀÄzÀgï ¥ÉÆÃqïðgÀ D¯Áá PÀtUÀ¼À ZÀzÀÄgÀÄ«PÉAiÀÄ ¥ÀæAiÉÆÃUÀzÀ ¤tðAiÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ • ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄ«£À zsÀ£ÁªÉñÀ PÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ, ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄ«£À PÉÃAzÀæ¨sÁUÀzÀ°è §A¢ü¸À®ànÖzÀÄÝ, EªÀÅ E¯ÉPÁÖç£ïUÀ½AzÀ ¸ÀÄvÀÄÛªÀjAiÀÄ®ànÖzÉ. • ©ÃdPÉÃAzÀæzÀ UÁvÀæ vÀÄA¨Á aPÀÌzÀÄ • ¥ÀgÀªÀiÁtÄ«£À ºÉaÑ£À zÀæªÀågÁ²AiÀÄÄ ©ÃdPÉÃAzÀæzÀ°è
- 25. Subatomic Particles Particle Charge Mass (g) Location Electron (e-) -1 9.11 x 10-28 Electron cloud Proton (p+) +1 1.67 x 10-24 Nucleus Neutron (no) 0 1.67 x 10-24 Nucleus