scaling and root planing instruments
- 1. PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION SEYED VAHID MALEK HOSSEINI
- 2. PERIDONTAL INSTRUMENTS classification: 1. PERIODONTAL PROBES 2. EXPLORERS 3. SCALING, ROOT-PLANING & CURETTAGE 4. PERIODONTAL ENDOSCOPE 5. CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENTS
- 4. CLASSIFICATION • PERIODONTAL PROBES used to locate, measure and mark pockets as well as determine their course on individual tooth surfaces
- 5. NABERS PROBE • TAPERED ROD LIKE INSTRUMENT CALIBERATED IN MILLIMETERS, WITH A BLUNT ROUND TIP • FURCATION AREAS BEST EVALUATED BY THE CURVED BLUNT NABERS PROBE • PLASTIC PROBES IN CASE OF IMPLANTS • PROBE IS INSERTED WITH A FIRM GENTLE PRESSURE TO THE BOTTOM OF THE POCKET. SHANK SHOULD ALLIGN WITH THE LONG AXIS OF THE TOOTH
- 6. PERIDONATAL PROBES A. Marquis colour coded probe B. Unc-15 probe C. University of Michigan “o” probe D. Michigan “o” probe with marking 3, 6 and 8 E. W.H.O. probe
- 7. walking
- 9. EXPLORERS to locate calculus depositesand caries
- 10. EXPLORERS
- 11. SCALING,ROOT-PLANINGAND CURETTAGEINSTRUMENTS- • for removal of plaque and calcified deposites from crown and root of tooth, removal of altered cementum from the subgingival root surface, and debridement of the soft tissue lining the pocket. 1-Curettes 2-sicle 3-periodontal files 4-chisel 5-hoe
- 12. Type of scalers:
- 13. SICKLE SCALERS / SUPRAGINGIVAL SCALERS • USED TO REMOVE LARGE CALCULUS DEPOSITS FROM THE ENAMEL SURFACE • USED WITH A PULL STROKE
- 16. 3 large sicles u 15/30 ball indiana uni
- 17. medium-size blades The Jaquette sickle scalers #1, 2, and 3
- 19. Nevi 2 Supra gingival calculus in posterior areas
- 21. curettes Curettes- for subgingival scaling, root planing and removal of the soft tissue lining the pocket All curettes share the same common elements: Rounded back Rounded toe Semi-circular cross section
- 22. • CURETTES ARE OF TWO TYPES 1.UNIVERSAL 2.AREA SPECIFIC • UNIVERSAL CURETTES -USED IN ANY AREA -BOTH CUTTING EDGES USED -CURVED IN ONE PLANE -FACE OF BLADE AT 90 DEGREE TO SHANK • AREA SPECIFIC -USED IN SPECIFIC AREAS -ONE CUTTING EDGE USED -CURVED IN TWOPLANE OFFSET BLADE
- 23. universal
- 26. curves
- 27. Universals curettes #1-2 and 5-6 and the Columbia curettes #13-14, 2R-2L, and 4R-4L Younger-Good #7-8 , McCall’s #17-18, and the Indiana University #17-18
- 28. CURETTES
- 29. Gracy curettes
- 30. GRACEY CURETTES 1-2 & 3-4 ANTERIOR TEETH 5-6 ANTERIOR TEETH & PREMOLARS 7-8 & 9-10 FACIAL & LINGUAL- POSTERIORS 11-12 MESIAL- POSTERIORS 13-14 DISTAL- POSTERIORS
- 31. Modifications 15- 16 mod of 11-12 17-18 mod of 13-14
- 32. Gracy chart
- 33. After five curettes 3mm Designedfor instrumentation in deeper periodontal pockets. The terminal shank is elongated 3mm to provide better clearance around crowns, and superior access to root contours and pockets 5mm or more in depth. Blade thinned by 10% to ease gingival insertion and reduce tissue distention.
- 34. Mini five Designed with the same elongatedterminal shank and thinned blades as the After Five Gracey Curettes. 50% shorter blade for access to smaller roots, narrow pockets, furcations, and developmental grooves.
- 35. Gracey curvettes Mini blade length of these instruments is 50% shorter than that of the conventional Gracey blade has been curved slightly upward curvature also carries the risk of gouging or “grooving”
- 36. Gracey curvettes
- 37. Gracey curvettes the Sub-0 and the #1-2 are used for anterior teeth andpremolars, the #11-12 is used for posterior mesial surfaces, and the #13-14 for posteriordistal surfaces
- 39. CHISEL SCALERS • IT IS DESIGNED FOR THE PROXIMAL SURFACE OF TEETH TOO CLOSELY SPACED TO PERMIT THE USE OF OTHER SCALERS • IT IS USUALLY USED IN ANTERIOR PART OF THE MOUTH • CHISEL INSERTED FROM FACIAL SURFACE • INSTRUMENT IS ACTIVATED WITH A PUSH MOTION WHILE THE SIDE SIDE OF THE BLADE IS HELD FIRMLY AGAINST THE ROOT
- 42. HOE SCALERS • HOE SCALERS ARE USED FOR SCALING OF LEDGES OR RINGS CALCULUS • BLADE IS BENT AT 99 ANGLE • CUTTING EDGE BEVELED AT 45 DEGREE • BLADE IS SLIGHT BOWED SO THAT IT CAN MAINTAIN TWO CONTACT AT TWO POINTS ON A CONVEX SURFACE • THE BLADE IS INSERTED TO THE BASE OF THE PERIDONTAL POCKET SO THAT IT MAKES TWO POINT CONTACT WITH THE TOOTH .THIS STABLIZES THE INSTRUMENT AND PREVENT NICKING OF THE ROOT. • THE INSTRUMENT IS ACTIVATED WITH A FIRM PULL STROKE TOWARD THE CROWN,
- 43. Hoe scalers
- 44. Hoe scaler McCall’s #3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are a set of six hoe scalers designed to provideaccess to all tooth surfaces. 3.4.5 for anrerior and premolar 7.8.9 for posterior
- 45. FILES • THEIR PRIMARY FUNCTION IS TO FRACTURE OR CRUSH LARGE DEPOSITE OF TENACIOUS CALCULUS • FILES CAN EASILY ROUGHEN ROOT SURFACES WHEN USED IMPROPERLY THEREFORE, THEY ARE SUITABLE FOR FINE SCALING • MINI BLABE CURETTE ARE NOW PREFERRED Excess force May cause gouging or “grooving”
- 46. Schwartz Periotriever The long blade is for general use in pockets, and the contra-angled tip is for use in furcations
- 48. QUETIN FURCATION CURETTES The Quétin furcation curettes are actually hoes with a shallow,half-moon radius that fits into the roof or floor of the furcation
- 49. QUETIN FURCATION CURETTES The BL1 (buccal-lingual) and MD1 (mesial-distal) instrumentsare small and fine, with a 0.9- mmblade width.forrootplanning The BL2 and MD2 instruments are larger and wider,with a 1.3-mm blade width. For scaling
- 50. DIAMOND COATED FILES UNIQUE INSTRUMENTS USED FOR FINAL FINISHING OF ROOT SURFACES QUETIN FURCATION CURETTES HOES WITH A SHALLOW, HALF MOON RADIOUS THAT FITS INTO ROOF OR FLOOR OF FURCATION & DEVELOPMENTAL DEPRESSIONS OF ROOT SURFACE
- 51. ULTRASONIC INSTRUMENTS • USED FOR REMOVING PLAQUE, STAINS, FOR SCALING & CURETTAGE 2 TYPES-MAGNECTOSTRICTIVE & PIEZOELECTRIC • ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS GENERATES OSCILLATIONS THAT CAUSES SCALER TIP TO VIBRATE • 20,000-45,000 CYCLES PER SEC • IN MAGNETOSTRICTIVE, PATTERN OF VIBRATION IS ELLIPTICAL- ALL SIDES OF THE TIP ARE ACTIVE • IN PIEZOELECTRIC, VIBRATION IS LINEAR- TWO SIDES OF TIP ARE ACTIVE
- 54. CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENT eg: rubber cups, brushes, dental tape, air-powder abrasive system
- 55. Periodonalendoscopy subgingival exploration This device allows clear visualization deeply into subgingival pockets and furcations To evaluate subgingival areas for caries, defectiverestorations, root fractures,and resorption.
- 56. Question?