strukt - A Pattern System for Integrating Individual and Organizational Knowledge Work
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This document presents a pattern system called strukt for integrating individual and organizational knowledge work. It aims to develop a software system that plans both weakly structured and structured workflows using a core ontology. The system addresses challenges like adapting workflow instances at runtime without changing models. It uses the Descriptions and Situations pattern from DOLCE to separate workflow models from instances and define contexts. Examples show how structured and weakly structured workflows can be integrated using various patterns. The system was prototyped and its ontological patterns were axiomatized for consistency checking.
![Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 4 von 17
Organizational Knowledge Work
Knowledge from the point of view of the organization
Business process modeling [Stahlknecht & Hasenkamp’04]
Goal: make implicit procedural knowledge explicit
Optimizing processes by means of analysis and
planning
Business process [Hammer & Champy ‘03], [Abts & Mülder’11]
Targeted chain of organizational activities
Defined start/end, measurable input/output
Added value to the customers
Structured workflows](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/scherp-strukt-presentation-iswc-120201082339-phpapp02/85/strukt-A-Pattern-System-for-Integrating-Individual-and-Organizational-Knowledge-Work-4-320.jpg)
![Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 5 von 17
Individual Knowledge Work
Knowledge from the point of view of the worker
Characteristics [Schwarz et al. 2001]
Dynamic (ad-hoc), complexity, self-organization,
interdisciplinary and communication-oriented,
intervals between repetitions
Not ammenable to explicit planning
Repeating elements that are worth to capture
Weakly structured workflows](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/scherp-strukt-presentation-iswc-120201082339-phpapp02/85/strukt-A-Pattern-System-for-Integrating-Individual-and-Organizational-Knowledge-Work-5-320.jpg)
![Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 6 von 17
Workflow Models and Instances
Workflow model defines
Activities, alternatives, and participating roles
Workflow instantiation is the execution under
Consideration of current workflow parameters
[Schwarz et al. 2001]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/scherp-strukt-presentation-iswc-120201082339-phpapp02/85/strukt-A-Pattern-System-for-Integrating-Individual-and-Organizational-Knowledge-Work-6-320.jpg)
![Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 15 von 17
Related Work of
Further: KBPI [Dalmaris et al. 2007], KMDL [Gronau et al. 2008],
sEPK + sBPMN [Hepp et al. 2006], and KMO [Holsapple u. Joshi 2004]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/scherp-strukt-presentation-iswc-120201082339-phpapp02/85/strukt-A-Pattern-System-for-Integrating-Individual-and-Organizational-Knowledge-Work-15-320.jpg)
strukt - A Pattern System for Integrating Individual and Organizational Knowledge Work
- 1. strukt - A Pattern System for Integrating Individual and Organizational Knowledge Work Ansgar Scherp Daniel Eißing Steffen Staab scherp@uni-koblenz.de ISWC, Bonn, Germany October 26, 2011
- 2. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 2 von 17 Scenario: Architectural Office
- 3. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 3 von 17 Goal and Approach Goal Software system for planning weakly structured workflows and integrating them with structured workflows Solution approach Integration by means of a core ontology
- 4. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 4 von 17 Organizational Knowledge Work Knowledge from the point of view of the organization Business process modeling [Stahlknecht & Hasenkamp’04] Goal: make implicit procedural knowledge explicit Optimizing processes by means of analysis and planning Business process [Hammer & Champy ‘03], [Abts & Mülder’11] Targeted chain of organizational activities Defined start/end, measurable input/output Added value to the customers Structured workflows
- 5. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 5 von 17 Individual Knowledge Work Knowledge from the point of view of the worker Characteristics [Schwarz et al. 2001] Dynamic (ad-hoc), complexity, self-organization, interdisciplinary and communication-oriented, intervals between repetitions Not ammenable to explicit planning Repeating elements that are worth to capture Weakly structured workflows
- 6. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 6 von 17 Workflow Models and Instances Workflow model defines Activities, alternatives, and participating roles Workflow instantiation is the execution under Consideration of current workflow parameters [Schwarz et al. 2001]
- 7. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 7 von 17 Requirements a) Weakly structured workflows (WsW) b) Structured Workflows (SW) c) Integration of WsW and SW d) Models & Instances e) Tools & Planning of WsW (1) Weakly Structured Workflow Pattern (2) Structured Workflow & (3) Transition Pattern (4) Workflow Integration Pattern (5) Workflow Model Pattern (6) Condition Pattern (7) Resource Pattern (8) Status Pattern (9) Scheduling Pattern
- 8. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 8 von 17 Challenges Adaptation of workflow instances at runtime Without the need to adapt the workflow model Abstract workflow instances to workflow models Put workflow instances into context Reification Descriptions & Situations (DnS) pattern provided by DOLCE Defines context by means of concepts (roles)
- 9. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 9 von 17 DnS Example: Building Application Description defines roles StructuralEngineer ComputeStatics CreateGroundplan … Situation defines objects tmueller-1 : NaturalPerson a-compute-statics-1 : Action a-create-groundplan-1 : Action … DnS pattern Clear separation of workflow models and workflow instances Applicable to structured workflows and weakly structured workflows Ontology design patterns of base on DnS Source: info-bauntrag.de classifies
- 10. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 10 von 17 Execution of „Planning a building construction“ Example: Structured Workflow Structured Workflow Pattern + Transition Pattern Prepare Application File Application …
- 11. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 11 von 17 Social roles of the entities Entities of the real world Example: Structured Workflow Execution of „Planning a building construction“ Structured Workflow Pattern + Transition Pattern
- 12. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 12 von 17 Example: Structured Workflow Integration with weakly structured workflow Workflow Integration Pattern
- 13. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 13 von 17 Example: Weakly Structured Workflow Activities for preparing a building application using the Weakly Structured Workflow Pattern
- 14. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 14 von 17 Axiomatization in Description Logics Consistency checking at design time
- 15. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 15 von 17 Related Work of Further: KBPI [Dalmaris et al. 2007], KMDL [Gronau et al. 2008], sEPK + sBPMN [Hepp et al. 2006], and KMO [Holsapple u. Joshi 2004]
- 16. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 16 von 17 Prototype
- 17. Ansgar Scherp – Integrating individual and organizational knowledge work 17 von 17 Summary / Discussions Young Talent Award of the Knowledge Management Group Karlsruhe, Germany Thank you for your attention! Why not a more light-weight solution? Looking for a good solution, not minimalistic one Probably possible to do it more light-weight Is this really a pattern-based ontology? Pattern: generic solution to recurring problem Pattern system: set of patterns related to each other and designed to be applied together