Scientific method PPT 2013 for notes
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The scientific method is a process for gathering and evaluating information through observation and experimentation. It involves making an observation, asking a question, researching background information, developing a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis through experimentation, analyzing data collected, and reporting conclusions. The key steps are to identify variables, design a controlled experiment to test the hypothesis, collect and analyze quantitative data, and determine whether the experimental results support the original hypothesis.
Scientific method PPT 2013 for notes
- 3. What is the Scientific Method? • An organized plan for gathering, organizing and communicating data • The basic steps that scientists follow in uncovering facts and solving scientific problems ( a plan for solving a problem). • Six or Seven Steps - depends on source
- 4. What is the Scientific Method? • Make an Observation • Ask a Question • Complete Background Research • Develop a Hypothesis • Test your Hypothesis • Analyze the Data • Conclusion (Report and Share)
- 5. Step 1: Observation • Everything starts with an observation • What you perceive with your senses What can you observe about a piece of paper?
- 6. Step 2: Forming a Question • Based on your observations • Develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation. Can you form a question about paper folding? • Usually a “How’ or “Why” question
- 7. Step 2: Forming a Question How many times can you fold a piece of paper?
- 8. Step 3: Complete Background Research • Collect knowledge needed to know about the subject of the experiment • It will be used to form a hypothesis
- 9. Step 4: Develop a Hypothesis • Hypothesis = an educated prediction to the answer of the stated problem • Based on research and prior knowledge Not a W.U.G. ! (Wild Uneducated Guess)
- 10. Step 4: Develop a Hypothesis • A proposed answer to your question • There is no right or wrong hypothesis Using our question lets develop a hypothesis.
- 11. Format of Hypothesis • Two accepted formats: “I think…because…” Or “If…then…because…” • Both formats include the all important “because statement” used to justify your prediction.
- 12. Step 4: Testing Your Hypothesis • This is where you conduct an experiment (a situation specially set up to observe how something happens or to test your hypothesis) • Develop a set of repeatable methods • The goal is to test your hypothesis by collecting data
- 13. Step 4: Testing Your Hypothesis • Includes variables - a quantity that is measured or changed during the experiment Term Definition Independent Variable What you are changing in the experiment Dependent Variable The outcome caused by changing the independent variable, a measurement Control Used for comparison in your experiment Constant What stays the same from one experiment to the next
- 14. Step 4: Testing Your Hypothesis What are our variables in the paper folding experiment? independent variable cause dependent variable effect control comparison constant unchanging
- 15. Step 5: Collect and Analyze the Data • Interpret the data you gathered from your experiment • Observations, information and data are collected from the experiment • Organize the data and perform calculations
- 16. Step 5: Collect and Analyze the Data • Construct charts, graphs, averages, percentages, etc. Dependent Variable on the Y-axis Independent Variable on the X-axis How would you graph the paper folding experiment?
- 17. Step 6: Conclusion • Does your data support your hypothesis? You just made a scientific discovery. YES Revise or make a new hypothesis and test again. NO
- 18. Step 6: Conclusion (Sharing) • A summary of results, the answer to your question. • What were the possible sources of error? • Does your data (answer) support your hypothesis? Why or why not? What conclusion can you make about paper folding?
- 19. What about a huge sheet of paper? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kRAEBbotuIE&feature=share&list=TLWRT4dnDchcU
- 20. Why use the Scientific Method? • A logical way to problem solve - in all aspects of life. • A way to share information that can be proved or disproved. • A way to find new information