Scrum

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SCRUM and AGILE Development

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Scrum is a way for teams to work
together to develop a product.
Product development, using
Scrum, occurs in small
pieces, with each piece building
upon previously created pieces.
Building products one small piece
at a time encourages creativity
and enables teams to respond to
feedback and change, to build
exactly and only what is needed.

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Scrum is

◦ a management framework
◦ for incremental product development
◦ using one or more cross-functional, selforganizing teams of about seven people each.

◦ an iterative and incremental Agile software
development framework for managing software
projects and product or application
development.

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Scrum was developed and defined by Hirotaka Takeuchi
and Ikujiro Nonaka.
They defined it as a new approach to commercial
product development that would increase speed and
flexibility, based on case studies from manufacturing
firms in the automotive, photocopier and printer
industries.

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Scrum focuses on
"a flexible, holistic
product
development
strategy where a
development team
works as a unit to
reach a common
goal"

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During a
project, customers
may change their
minds about what they
want and need.
Such unpredicted
challenges cannot be
easily addressed in a
traditional predictive
or planned manner.

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Daily Scrum is a 15 minute time-boxed event for the
development team to synchronise activities and create a plan
for the next 24 hours based on what was done since last daily
scrum meeting and what has to be done by the next daily
scrum meeting.

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Team which consists of
managers, supervisors and professionals who
have the authority and knowledge to
implement a change with maximum impact
and value and minimum disruption is called
a change team.

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The Weekly Scrum is a 30‐minute time‐boxed
event for the Change Team to synchronize
activities and create a plan for the next week.

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The Scrum Team
consists of:
◦ Product Owner
◦ The Development
Team
◦ A Scrum Master.

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Scrum Teams are
self-organizing and
cross-functional.

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Scrum Master

◦ is accountable for removing
impediments to the ability of
the team to deliver the
product goals and
deliverables.
◦ Acts as a buffer between the
team and any distracting
influences.
◦ Ensures that the Scrum
process is used as intended.
◦ The enforcer of the rules of
Scrum, often chairs key
meetings and challenges the
team to improve.

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Cross-functional.

Self-organizing / self-managing, without
externally assigned roles.
Negotiates commitments with the Product
Owner, one Sprint at a time.

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7 ± 2 members

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Has a leadership role

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Product Owner is
responsible for
maximizing
value of
product, manage
ment of product
backlog and
work of
development
team.

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Product backlog is
an ordered list of
everything that
might be needed in
the product and is
maintained by the
product owner.
It is the only source
of requirement for
any changes to be
made to the
product.

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Increment is the
sum total of all
product backlog
completed during
a sprint and
during all previous
sprints.

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A mutual
understanding
regarding what
is meant by
complete is
called done.
It ensures
transparency.

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A sprint
◦ is the basic unit of development in Scrum.
◦ is a timeboxed effort.

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Each sprint comprises of:
◦ a planning meeting.
◦ an estimated commitment for the sprint goal .
◦ a sprint review-and-retrospective meeting.

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Sprint Goal gives
the Development
Team some
flexibility
regarding the
functionality
implemented
within the Sprint.

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The Sprint Backlog
is a forecast by the
Development Team
about what
functionality will be
in the next
Increment and the
work needed to
deliver that
functionality.

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Sprint Planning
meetings
◦ Plans the entire
work to be
carried out in the
entire sprint.
◦ Carried out by
entire scrum
team.

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The Sprint
Retrospective
◦ Is a 3 hour timeboxed meeting for 1
month Sprints.
◦ Is an opportunity for
the Scrum Team to
inspect itself
◦ Plans for
improvements to be
enacted during the
next Sprint.

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These points
are discussed
in a sprint
meetings.

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Agile software development is a
group of software development
methods based on iterative and
incremental development, where
requirements and solutions evolve
through collaboration between selforganizing, cross-functional teams.
It is a conceptual framework that
promotes foreseen tight interactions
throughout the development cycle.

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Specific areas of overall continuous
improvement of the organisation.

Domains consists of one or more business
functions.
The purpose of domain is to create an area of
progressive change and accountability

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The various domains are:

◦ Enterprise: It consists of management or persons
responsible for overall benefits.
◦ Process: It consists of scrum masters

◦ Productivity: It consists of development teams which are
part of scrum teams.
◦ Quality: It consists of architects, quality standards, build
and infrastructure developers, user interface
designers, framework developers, standards and
conventions developers and database architects.
◦ Value: It consists of Project Management Organization
(PMO).

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Scrum Guide

◦ Is a framework for
developing and
sustaining complex
products.
◦ Contains the
definition of Scrum.
◦ The definition
consists of Scrum’s
roles, events, artifac
ts and the rules that
bind them together.

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Agility path is a
framework
within which
people can
manage the
complex
organisational
change using an
iterative and
incremental
approach.

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Agility Path is:
◦ Lightweight
◦ Simple to understand Difficult to master

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Agility path provides:
◦ Clear management roles.
◦ Accountability for managing the benefits.
◦ Return on Investment of changes caused by
implementing new practices

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To manage and optimize the outcome and value of
the investments.
To progressively increase the organisation’s
agility, value of its products and the workplace of its
people.

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To guide a progressive organisational transformation.

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To invest in change.

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To derive competitive advantage from developing
software.

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An Agility Team consists of a Product Owner
Change Team and Scrum Master.

The Agility Team that is initiating the overall
improvement is named the Enterprise Agility
Team.
When a domain has its own team, this is
called a ‘Domain’ Agility Team.

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Empiricism forms the base of scrum and
agile path.
It states that knowledge comes from
experience and making decisions based on
what is known.

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The 3 pillars of
empiricism are:
◦ Transparency
◦ Inspection
◦ Adaption

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4 formal opportunities
for inspection and
adaption are:
◦
◦
◦
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Sprint Planning
Weekly Scrum
Sprint Review
Sprint Retrospective

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The waterfall model is
a sequential software
development
process, in which
progress is seen as
flowing steadily
downwards (like a
waterfall) through the
phases of
Conception, Initiation,
Analysis, Design
(validation), Constructi
on, Testing and
Maintenance

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Agile software
development refers to
a group of software
development methodo
-logies based on
iterative
development, where
requirements and
solutions evolve
through collaboration
between selforganizing crossfunctional teams.

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Books to be referred:

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Links: www.scrum.org

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Scrum

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