![European Commission
Geneva, 21 March 2005 (4)
Safety of electrical products
The Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 73/23/EEC
(adopted on 19th February 1973)
Based on article 95 of the EC treaty; purpose is to permit
free movement of electrical equipment in Europe
“Total harmonisation” and “Total Safety” Directive
Applies to electrical equipment designed for use with a
voltage rating of [50, 1000] V (AC) [75, 1500] V (DC)
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- 1. ENTERPRISE DIRECTORATE GENERAL European Commission Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity (SDoC) Experience with respect to electrical and mechanical sectors TBT WORKSHOP Geneva, 21 March 2005 Georg HILPERT European Commission Enterprise Directorate General Mechanical & electrical engineering and radio and telecom terminal equipment industries
- 2. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (2) Free movement of products in Europe Free movement of products in the European internal market • Article 28 of the EC treaty “Quantitative restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibited between Member States.” • Article 95 of the EC treaty „Technical harmonisation of European legislation taking into account a high level of health, safety, environmental and consumer protection“ New Approach Directives (e.g. LVD, Machinery)
- 3. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (3) Elements of the New Approach Directives 1. Conformity assessment and technical documentation 2. Declaration of conformity (SDoC) 3. CE marking ====> 4. Market surveillance
- 4. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (4) Safety of electrical products The Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 73/23/EEC (adopted on 19th February 1973) Based on article 95 of the EC treaty; purpose is to permit free movement of electrical equipment in Europe “Total harmonisation” and “Total Safety” Directive Applies to electrical equipment designed for use with a voltage rating of [50, 1000] V (AC) [75, 1500] V (DC) 1
- 5. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (5) The Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 73/23/EEC Guidelines on the application of the Low Voltage Directive - LVD Large system of European electro technical standards based on international standards (~700); 2 Safety of electrical products Decreasing number of fatal accidents in the last 20 years by electrocution;
- 6. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (6) Conformity assessment How to comply with the safety requirements? • Manufacturers can apply their own technical specifications or • apply harmonised standards HARMONISED STANDARDS ARE NOT MANDATORY PRESUMPTION OF CONFORMITY
- 7. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (7) Internal production control • Technical documentation – to be kept of 10 years – to enable the assessment of the conformity of the electrical equipment to the requirements to the Directive • Manufacturing process shall ensure compliance of the manufactured products with the technical documentation Conformity assessment
- 8. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (8) Internal production control Procedure whereby the manufacturer ensures and declares that the electrical equipment satisfies the requirements of the Directive => EC declaration of conformity + CE marking Conformity assessment
- 9. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (9) Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity (SDoC) The manufacturer or his authorised representative established within the Community must draw up an EC declaration of conformity as a part of a conformity assessment procedure provided for in the relevant New Approach directives. => Manufacturer or his authorised representative ensures and declares that his product satisfies the requirements of relevant Directives that apply to it.
- 10. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (10) Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity (SDoC) The EC declaration of conformity contains all relevant information : • Reference to relevant directives; • Identification of manufacturer or his authorised representative; • Product identification; • Notified body, if applicable; • Reference to harmonised standards or other normative documents; • Date of issue of the declaration.
- 11. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (11) CE marking • The CE marking symbolises the conformity of the product with the applicable European Community requirements imposed on the manufacturer. • The CE marking is mandatory and must be affixed before any product subject to it is placed on the market. • CE marking must be affixed visibly, legibly and indelibly to the product or to its data plate or where not possible on the packaging.
- 12. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (12) Electrical fatal accidents in the USA and Germany 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 fatal electrical accidents / million citizens Germany USA Sources: National Center for Health Statistics (USA), VDE (Germany), Biegelmeier, Gottfried, Liber Amicorum - Liber Inimicis, Nowak, Kurt, 81 tödliche Stromunfälle 1998, de 8/2000 Low Voltage Directive
- 13. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (13) Conformity procedure Electrical products (Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC) => High risk products but only Manufacturer´s declaration (self declaration), no mandatory third party testing Machinery products (Machinery Directive 98/37/EC) => Medium and high risk products: a) Manufacturer´s declaration (self declaration), no mandatory third party testing b) Mandatory third party intervention for Machines listed in Annex IV of the Machinery Directive.
- 14. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (14) Conformity Assessment The CA Modules Total Quality Assurance EC Type Examination (e.g. Machinery Directive) SDoC & Self-declaration or manufacturer declaration (e.g. LVD)
- 15. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (15) Market surveillance • Member States are responsible for Market Surveillance • If restrictions to free movement: ==> Safeguard clause notification !
- 16. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (16) Manufacturer´s Liability European Liability Directive 1999/34/EC Enforced by the member states Certification bodies do not carry any liability Additional national regulations Regulations and jurisdiction in all other countries Manufacturers a l w a y s liable !
- 17. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (17) Comparison of Conformity Assessment procedures Criteria CA with self certification CA with third party involvement Conformity Assessment First Party Third Party Certification Ultimate Responsibility Manufacturer or Supplier Manufacturer or Supplier Market access faster slower Price lower higher Market- surveillance necessary necessary
- 18. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (18)
- 19. European Commission Geneva, 21 March 2005 (19) Where to find more information • Electrical safety: http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/electr_equipment/lv/index.htm • Email: lvd@cec.eu.int, georg.hilpert@cec.eu.int • Blue Guide: http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/newapproach/legislation/guide/legislati on.htm • Euro Info Centres http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/networks/eic/eic.html