The document describes 7 basic sentence patterns in English: subject-verb (SV), subject-verb-object (SVO), subject-verb-complement (SVC), subject-verb-object-object (SVOO), subject-verb-object-complement (SVOC), subject-verb-adjunct (SVA), and subject-verb-object-adjunct (SVOA). It then provides examples of sentences for each pattern and defines the key elements - subject, verb, object, complement, and adjunct.