Simple and compound__machines
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Simple machines make work easier by changing the amount of force needed or the distance through which force is applied. The six simple machines are the lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw. Compound machines combine two or more simple machines to make work even easier by providing a greater mechanical advantage.
Simple and compound__machines
- 2. What are Simple Machines? • A device that allows work to be performed with less effort • A device with few or no moving parts • A device that makes work easier by changing force, distance, or by changing the direction of the force What are Compound Machines? Two or more simple machines working together to make the work easier
- 3. The 6 Simple Machines
- 4. Lever A rigid bar used to exert a pressure or sustain a weight by pivoting on its fulcrum
- 5. Parts of a Lever If the fulcrum is located at the midpoint of the lever arm and the effort is equal to the load, then the lever will be perfectly balanced. Lever Arm Effort Load Fulcrum
- 6. Types of Levers You can identify the different types of levers by the middle component. Can you identify each type of lever on the next slide?
- 8. Wheel & Axle A wheel is a lever arm that is fixed to a shaft, which is called an axle. The wheel and axle move together as a simple lever to lift or to move an item by rolling.
- 9. Examples of Wheel & Axles
- 10. Pulleys A grooved wheel around which a rope, belt, or chain passes Used to change the direction or magnitude of a force
- 12. Pulley Systems
- 13. Inclined Plane Flat surface set at an angle or incline Most common inclined plane is a ramp Able to lift objects by pushing or pulling the load
- 14. Examples of Inclined Planes
- 15. Wedge Functions as a moving inclined plane Tapers to a thin edge and is used for splitting or for tightening by being driven into something
- 16. Examples of Wedges Almost all cutting tools make use of the wedge.
- 17. Screw An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder, forming the path and pitch Pitch is the distance between two threads A screw is used as a threaded fastener. It changes rotary motion to linear force.
- 19. What Kind of Simple Machine Is This? Pulley Lever Wedge Screw Wheel and Axle Inclined Plane
- 20. Compound Machines • Compound machines consist of two or more simple machines put together. • Most devices are compound machines. • They can do more difficult jobs because their mechanical advantage is greater. What two simple machines are in scissors? First Class Lever and Wedge
- 21. Name the Simple Machines Present in Each Compound Machine
- 22. Image Resources Microsoft, Inc. (2009). Clip Art. Retrieved January 22, 2009, from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx
Editor's Notes
- #8: First Class = See-saw, scissors, fingernail clipper arm Second Class = wheelbarrow, nut cracker Third Class = fingernail clipper clipping mechanism, tweezers
- #13: Fixed Pulley – Does not rise or fall with the load that is being moved Movable Pulley – Rises and falls with the load that is being moved Block and Tackle – Two or more pulleys used in combination
- #22: Bicycle – lever (brake handles), wheel and axle (wheels and pedals), screw (seat adjustment) Shovel – lever, wedge Wheel barrow – 2nd class lever, wheel and axle Jack stand – wheel and axle, screw Pencil sharpener – wheel & axle, wedge