Simple Machines, complex machine and more-.ppt
- 2. Introduction Introduction Simple machines are machines with few or Simple machines are machines with few or no moving parts. no moving parts. Simple machines will be our next Science Simple machines will be our next Science unit. unit.
- 3. Kinds of Simple Machines Kinds of Simple Machines We will be learning about the six simple We will be learning about the six simple machines. They are: machines. They are: 1. Lever 1. Lever 2. Inclined Plane 2. Inclined Plane 3. Wedge 3. Wedge 4. Screw 4. Screw 5. Wheel and Axle 5. Wheel and Axle 6. Pulley 6. Pulley
- 4. Energy and Work Energy and Work Suppose you needed to move an object. Suppose you needed to move an object. You might use tools to help you. Simple You might use tools to help you. Simple machines are tools that use energy to do machines are tools that use energy to do work. work. Energy is the ability to do work. Energy is the ability to do work. Work is done whenever force makes an Work is done whenever force makes an object move. object move.
- 5. Lever Lever Levers have four basic parts: Levers have four basic parts: Beam- The lever, a wooden plank or metal bar Beam- The lever, a wooden plank or metal bar resting on the fulcrum. resting on the fulcrum. Fulcrum- the pivot or the turning point. Fulcrum- the pivot or the turning point. Force- the effort or input needed to move the Force- the effort or input needed to move the beam and load. beam and load. Load- the item or object being moved or lifted Load- the item or object being moved or lifted on the plank. on the plank.
- 6. What is a Lever? What is a Lever? Wheelbarrows, shovels, brooms, boat oars, crow Wheelbarrows, shovels, brooms, boat oars, crow bars, and bottle openers are all examples of levers. bars, and bottle openers are all examples of levers. When pulling a nail, the nail is the Load, the When pulling a nail, the nail is the Load, the Fulcrum is head of the hammer, and the Force is Fulcrum is head of the hammer, and the Force is at the other end of the handle, which is the Beam. at the other end of the handle, which is the Beam. The Load (nail) and Fulcrum are close to each The Load (nail) and Fulcrum are close to each other which makes it easier to remove a nail with other which makes it easier to remove a nail with the hammer. the hammer.
- 7. What is an Inclined Plane? One end of an inclined plane is higher than One end of an inclined plane is higher than the other end. the other end. A ramp is an inclined plane that helps move A ramp is an inclined plane that helps move objects. objects. You can use an inclined plane to help move You can use an inclined plane to help move an object to a higher or lower place. an object to a higher or lower place.
- 8. Wedge A wedge is a simple machine used to push A wedge is a simple machine used to push objects apart. objects apart. A wedge is a simple machine that almost A wedge is a simple machine that almost looks like a ramp or an inclined plane. It is looks like a ramp or an inclined plane. It is thick on one end and usually thins out to a thick on one end and usually thins out to a sharp edge on the other end. sharp edge on the other end.
- 9. What is a Wedge? A doorstop is a wedge. A doorstop is a wedge. An ax is a wedge that splits wood. An ax is a wedge that splits wood. Other common examples of wedges include shovels, teeth, some screwdrivers, a knife, a needle, scissors, push pins, and tacks
- 10. Screw A screw is an inclined plane wrapped A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. around a cylinder. A screw can be used to hold objects A screw can be used to hold objects together. together.
- 11. What is a Screw? There are many other examples of screws There are many other examples of screws including the grooves on a jar or bottle lids, including the grooves on a jar or bottle lids, the end of light bulbs, water faucets and the end of light bulbs, water faucets and hoses, bottle caps, gas tank caps on cars, hoses, bottle caps, gas tank caps on cars, and many others. and many others.
- 12. What is a Wheel and Axle? A wheel and axle is a simple machine made A wheel and axle is a simple machine made of a rod attached to the center of a wheel. of a rod attached to the center of a wheel. The axle, or rod, turns when you put force The axle, or rod, turns when you put force on the wheel. on the wheel. You probably have seen a wheel and axle You probably have seen a wheel and axle on scooters, cars, roller skates, and wagons. on scooters, cars, roller skates, and wagons.
- 13. Pulley? A pulley is a wheel with a groove in it, and A pulley is a wheel with a groove in it, and a rope in the groove. a rope in the groove. You can use a pulley to move a load up, You can use a pulley to move a load up, down or sideways. down or sideways.
- 14. What is a Pulley? Pulleys are used in window blinds, on ships to raise and lower sails, elevators, exercise equipment, theater curtains, garage doors and more.
- 15. Why use simple machines? Simple machines are important to us in our Simple machines are important to us in our daily life. daily life. They help us do work. They help us do work. They make our lives easier. They make our lives easier.