Smart metering and conditional access control of electrical energy
- 1. SMART METERING AND CONDITIONAL ACCESS CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY. PROJECT MEMBERS: PROJECT GUIDE: P .ARUL NITHAGARAN (912313105003) MR.S.RAJ KUMAR.ME(AP/EEE) P. RAJA (912313105017)
- 2. ABSTRACT • This project proposes the energy meter monitoring system through GSM using microcontroller. • It is used to calculate the current reading with help of energy meter and display in LCD. • GSM modem provide full function capability to serial devices to send SMS and data over GSM network. • Microcontroller used PIC 16F877A.its is higher performance 8-bit microcomputer with 4K byte of PEROM. • Higher authority from TNEB can power on/off if the customer won’t pay the bill, power shutdown intimation through GSM . • Compliant button is fitted in customer house to register their compliant about power supply or any fault.
- 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM ENERGY METER MOBILE GSM MODULE LCD PULSE SENSING CIRCUIT MICRO CONTROLLER ER RELAY DRIVER RELAY COMPLIANT BUTTON ALARM MAGNET SENSOR load
- 4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM BC547 PD.1 LOAD 2 4K7 D6 10K PC.7 ~ ~ +- BRIDGE - PA.3 2 10K PD.6 +5V PD.7 8 D3 PA.4 4K7 ULN2003 4K7 MICROCONTROLLERPIC16F877A 1 GSM MODEM 16 N/C 1000MF /25V 1000MF /25V BC547 +5V 4007*4 +5V PC.6 15 D0 D7 LOW. VOLT 3 TX 2 PA.2 PA.5 RX 1 FUSE BLOWN LED +9V PD.2 PD.3 TO MC 2K2 3 2 RLY 1 LED 12 4K7(1/4W) MAGNET SWITCH 1 2 7812 1 5 4 8 LED 230VAC D5 0.1MF +5V PD.0 4 PE.1 GSM RUN INDICATION 100MF /25V N/O 4 + PE.0 2K2 ~ ~ +- BRIDGE 4K7 I/P 15 48 PULSE IN PC.5 D1 (0-9V) 3 GND HIGH. VOLT PB.1 LCD PB.0 9 3 4K7 7805 BEL100N 3 2 1 D2 ENERGY METER 4007 MCT 2E PB.2 10K +5V 11 PD.4 PD.5 (0-15V) LED BUZZER +12V PA.0 4007*4 470R 1 BC547 NO.SET ENABLE SWITCH 100MF /25V MCT2E 2K2 I/P POWER FAILURE 230VAC 0.1MF +12V D4 BUZZER RESET SWITCH
- 5. Micro controller • PIC 16F877A is 40 pin micro controller . • It is low power , high-performance 8-bit microcomputer with 4K byte of Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory(PEROM). • Operating speed- DC 20MHz clock input. • Programmable code protection • Power saving SLEEP mode. • Wide operating voltage range-2.0v to 5.5v.
- 6. Algorithm: Step 1: start the main program Step 2: initialise modem Step 3: get the mobile number Step 4: call the display set blocked function for check Step 5: disable the voice and enable for the bill Step 6: send SMS for all conditional statement Step 7: check the compliant Step 8: for all need to check for authorized number & un authorized number Step 9:check the condition for power ON/OFF Step10: send the msg for power shutdown Step11: all intimation through buzzer Step12: close the main program
- 7. Power supply • Main voltage ac 230v is step down to 9 volt, using 12v step down transformer. The low value secondary voltage is fed to the rectifier is formed action and next half cycle diode D3 & D4 come to action, finally unidirectional dc using four no. of IN 4007. For first half cycle, Diodes D1 & D2 come to supply is fed to the filter capacitor volts is available at output terminals. It is used for relay circuit.
- 8. Power supply circuit LED IN4007 10 00 MF /25 V + 100MF/25V IN4007 IN4007 0.1MF 0-230V STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER 0-15V IN4007 GND 2K2 7812 1 2 3 +12V
- 9. OPTO-COUPLER CIRCUIT • IC MCT2E based opto-coupler to provide isolation between control circuits and power circuits. • An opto-coupler allows signal transfer without coupling wires or capacitor. It transducers input voltage to proportional light intensity by using LEDs. • Opto-coupler not only separates the high voltage input side and the microcontroller but also prevents damage to the microcontroller due to the line voltage transistor. It also reduces the effects of electrical noise common in industrial environment.
- 12. GSM MODEM Modem is a device that modulate an analog carrier signal to encode digital information and also demodulate such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. Key feature: • 80 pin general purpose module • SIM card holder • Power ON/OFF push button • LED indicator • 2 serial interface
- 13. Relay • Relays are switching devices.When a relay is energized or activated, contacts are made or broken. • They are used to control ac or dc power. They are used to control the sequence of events in the operation of a system • Electromagnetic relays are forms of electromagnets in which the coil current produces a magnetic effect. It pulls or pushes flat soft iron armatures or strips carrying relay contacts. Several relay contact can be operated to get several possible ON/OFF combinations.
- 15. Opto coupler with relay circuit N/O 10K MCT 2E 4K7(1/4W) BC547 2 RLY I/P IN4007 LOAD 4K7 BEL100N 5 +5V 1 N/C +12V 4K7 4
- 16. LCD DISPLAY • LCD is mainly used for display the information. Here we are using 4x32 LCD. Operation of the LCD is • The declining prices of LCDs. • The ability to display numbers, characters, and graphics. This is in contrast to LEDs, which are limited to numbers and characters.
- 17. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LCD 40 VDD LCD 4 E R/W 40RS DRIVER BLOCK DIAGRAM D7 16 VSS TO CONTROLLER VL
- 18. ULN2003 PIN DIAGRAM •The ULN2003 is comprised of seven high voltage, high current NPN Darlington transistor pairs. • The ULN2003 offers solutions to a great many interface needs, including solenoids, relays, lamps, small motors, and LEDs. • Applications requiring sink currents beyond the capability of a single output may be accommodated by paralleling the outputs.
- 20. Alarm circuit • The output from a MC is connected to the base of transistor bc547 through a resistor 4.7k . The transistor collector point connected to the buzzer. • When there is a positive bias from the port. The buzzer will energize. if there is logic ‘o’ level output from port, the buzzer will de – energize.
- 22. MAGNET SWITCH • Magnet switch is fitted on the energy meter. • Normally the reed is 'open' (no connection between the two wires). The other half is a magnet. When the magnet is less than 13mm (0.5") away, the reed switch closes. • They're often used to detect when a theft is detected by this system. Then the signal is fed to the microcontroller.
- 23. MAGNETIC SWITCH
- 24. IMAGE OF THE PROJECT:
- 25. Result:
- 26. Advantage • Reduce the manual errors. • Increase the accuracy. • Customer can register their power failure problems through GSM. • Scheduled power shutdown timings can be intimated through GSM. • Power consumption unit and its charges will be sent through GSM.
- 27. conclusion • This system can be re-modified and applied for the industrial application. • This system is useful for the electricity boards.
- 28. Thank you…