Smog
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Smog is air pollution that occurs when smoke and fog combine, giving it a yellowish or blackish color. It forms when pollutants from sources like vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and burning of crops and forests react with sunlight. Smog can cause respiratory and cardiovascular health issues in humans. It also damages crops and contributes to acid rain. A major smog event in 1952 London is believed to have caused over 12,000 deaths. Pakistan experiences smog due to agricultural fires within the country as well as dust storms carrying pollutants from neighboring countries like India. The government has taken some actions to monitor and reduce smog but more efforts are still needed.
Smog
- 2. What is Smog? • Smog is Air pollution. • occures when smoke combine with fog. • it has a yellowish color or blackish. • also called ground level ozone.
- 3. Cont.. • it is a secondary pollutants as it react with primary pollutants in envirment to form more dangerous chemicals.
- 4. How Smog Formed? • Atmospheric pollutants released to environment contineously. • When sunlight and its heat react with these gases and fine particles in the atmosphere, smog is formed.
- 5. CAUSES: • Emmision from industries • automobiles, diesel trucks, trains, and airplanes,
- 6. Cont.. • Volcanic Activity • Forest Fire • Crop Fires etc
- 7. Smog,fog,mist,photochemical smog &VOG: • Smog is a mixture of smoke and fog. • Fog are suspended water droplets in air. • Mist are also water droplets in air but it occure when hot air passes through cool condition and suddenly change into water droplets. • Mist is less denser than Fog.
- 8. Mist & Fog:
- 9. Cont.. • photochemical fog is little bit different from industrial fog. - smog is a mixture of pollutants that form when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds react to sunlight, creating a haze that is common over cities. - Industrial smog contains two primary components: sulfur dioxide and particulates, which include dust and soot from burning coal for heat and fuel.
- 10. Vog: • Vog is a form of air pollution that results when sulfur dioxide and other gases and particles emitted by an erupting volcano react with oxygen and moisture in the presence of sunligh.
- 11. Effects: • It is harmful to humans, animals, plants and the nature as a whole. • Effects on human health: • Causes eye irritation. • lung related diseases. • skin diseases. • asthama etc
- 12. effect on agriculture: • The ground level ozone present in the smog also inhibits plant growth and causes immense damage to crops and forests. • Crops, vegetables like soybeans, wheat, tomatoes, peanuts, and cotton are subject to infection when they are exposed to smog.
- 13. Effect on Physical environment: • Smog consists of different hazardous gases. • when come in contact with water it will cause rain in the form of Aicid rain. • Acid rain effect color of building etc.
- 14. The Great smog of 1952:
- 15. Cont.. • The Great Smog of London, or Great Smog of 1952 was a severe air-pollution event that affected the British capital of London in early-December 1952. • sustain from 5 to 9 December 1952. • 12,000 dead • 200,000 injured.
- 16. Smog cause in pakistan: • we know that emission from different things are resposie for smog production but also here is some other things that cause smog in pakistan. • On October 23, 2016, NASA published an image from Soumi NPP Satellite. • showed huge agricultural fires in India and some scattered fires were also shown in Pakistan.
- 17. Cont..
- 18. Cont..
- 19. Cont.. • Every year the Middle Eastern countries, especially Iraq, Syria, and Iran, are hit by heavy sand and dust storms, which form dust clouds,” Asif Shuja, a former director general of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), told The Express Tribune while explaining the phenomenon. • These dust clouds travel thousands of kilometres to other countries.
- 20. Effects in pakistan: • According to an unofficial tally, at least 17 people have been killed in road crashes caused mainly by poor visibility on roads due to smog. • The accidents occurred in Faisalabad, Jhang, Pasrur, Layyah, Attock, Sheikhpura and Pakpattan.
- 21. Policy for Smog in Pakistan: • The Punjab environment secretary on Monday told the Lahore High Court that a smog policy had been notified in the province and six air-monitoring stations made functional to determine how much India was contributing to smog in Pakistan.
- 22. Action Taken By NDMA: • Precautions Include • 1) Avoid being outdoors near heavy traffic areas to minimize exposure. • 2) When outside, take rest breaks in the shade & drink plenty of water. • 3) Avoid strenuous work outdoors. • 4) Reduce your contribution to pollution by avoiding driving & smoking.
- 23. Cont.. • 5) If driving is unavoidable, drive slow & use headlights plus fog lights / blinkers / hazards even in say time. • 6) When indoors, close windows & other inlets of air. • 7) For people with asthma & / or chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease, have your inhaler with you at all times. Keep your doctor on speed dial if your condition has the potential to worsen. • 8) Important to note that smog affects everyone differently & some people are more susceptible to its negative effects.
- 24. Conclusion: • . According to Economic Survey of Pakistan, oil consumption of the country has been increased 263%. In Pakistan, we need to minimize the major source of air pollution: We should minimize the smoke emission of vehicles, and smoke from industries, burning of solid waste and dust etc.
- 25. End THANK YOU