Social security assignment
- 1. DR. BHIMRAO AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY AGRA PRESENTATION ON SOCIAL SECURITY PRESENTATION TO DR. R.K. BHARTI ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PRESENATATION BY BRAHMANAND THIRD SEM ROLL NO- 08
- 2. SOCIAL SECURITY • There are no commonly accepted definition of the term. • Two views - INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO) - BROADER SENSE – DECENT STANTARD OF LIFE
- 3. INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO) • SOCIAL SECURITY IS THE PROTECTION THAT - A SOCIETY PROVIDES TO INDIVIDUALS AND HOUSEHOLDS TO ENSURE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE AND TO GUARANTEE INCOME SECURITY, - PARTICULARLY IN CASES OF OLD AGE, UNEMPLOYMENT, SICKNESS, INVALIDITY, WORK INJURY, MATERNITY OR LOSS OF BREAD WINNER.
- 4. BROADER SENSE DECENT STANTARD OF LIFE • IT IS A SET OF POLICIES AND INSTITUTIONS DESIGNED TO ENABLE A PERSON TO ATTAIN AND MAINTAIN A DECENT STANDARD OF LIFE. • THIS IS DECRIBED AS A PREVENTIVE OR PROMOTIONAL FORM OF SOCIAL SECURITY.
- 5. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SECURITY • IN USA - FIRST TIME USED IN USA - UNITED STATE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT1935 - DENOTE TO OLD AGE SURVIVORS, INVALIDITY AND HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES - UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
- 6. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SECURITY • IN UNITED KINGDOM - social security includes social assistance and social insurance. SOCIAL ASSISTANCE – supplementary benefits provided to the workers. SOCIAL INSURANCE – Industrial injury
- 7. ILO CONVENTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS RELEVANT TO SOCAIL SECURITY EXTENSION POLICIES INCLUDE • SOCIAL SECURITY (MINIMUM STANDARDS) CONVENTION 1952 • SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOORS RECOMMENDATION 2012 • EQUALITY OF TREATMENT (SOCIAL SECURITY) CONVENTION 1962
- 8. • MAINTENANCE OF SOCIAL SECURITY RIGHTS CONEVENTION 1982 • THE EMPOLYMENT INJURY BENEFITS CONVENTION 1964 • THE MEDICAL CARE AND SICKNESS BENEFITS CONVENTION 1969 • INVALIDITY, OLD AGE AND SURVIVORS BENEFITS CONVENTION 1967
- 9. • THE EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION AND PROTECTION AGAINST UNEMPLOYMENT CONVENTION 1988 • THE JOB CREATION IN SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES RECOMMEDATION 1988 • MATERNITY PROTECTION CONVENTION (REVISED) 2000
- 10. KEY STATISTICS • Only one in five people in the world has adequate social security. • More than half the world’s population lacks any type of social security protection. • In sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, only an estimated 5% to 10% of the working population has some security coverage. • Lack of social security coverage is largely concentrated in the informal economises of developing world.
- 11. SOCIAL SECURITY IN INDIA • CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS - CONCURRENT LIST : Social security and labour welfare falls under concurrent list • DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLE OF STATE POLICY - ARTICLE 41 : RIGHT TO WORK, TO EDUCATION AND TO PUBLIC ASSISTANCE IN CERTAIN CASES.
- 12. SOCIAL SECURITY IN INDIA - IN CASES OF UNEMPLOYMENT, OLD AGE, SICKNESS AND DISABLEMENT AND IN OTHER CASES OF UNDERSERVED WANT. • ARTICLE 42 - PROVISION FOR JUST AND HUMAN CONDITION OF WORK AND MATERNITY RELIEF.
- 13. SOCIAL SECURITY LAWS IN INDIA • EMPOLYEE’S STATE INSURANCE 1948 • EMPOLYEE’S PROVIDENT FUNDS 1952 • EMPOLYEE’S COMPENSATION ACT 1923 • MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT 1923 • PAYMENT OF GRATUITY ACT 1972
- 14. LABOUR LAWS UNDER SOCIAL SECURITY CODE 2020 • THE EMPLOYEE’S COMPENSATION ACT 1923 • THE MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT 1961 • THE PAYMENT OF GRATUITY ACT 1972 • THE UNORGANISED WORKER’S SOCIAL SECURITY ACT 2008 • THE IRON ORE MINES, MANGANESE ORE MINES AND CHROME ORE MINES LABOUR WELFARE (CESS) ACT 1976
- 15. • THE IRON ORE MINES, MANGANESE ORE MINES AND CHROME ORE MINES LABOUR WELFARE FUND ACT 1976 • THE BEEDI WORKERS WELFARE CESS ACT 1976 • THE BEEDI WORKERS WELFARE FUND ACT 1976 • THE CINE WORKERS WELFARE FUND ACT 1981 • THE BUILDING AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKER CESS ACT 1996
- 16. DATA ON SOCIAL SECURITY • The working poor are employed people who live in households that fall below an accepted poverty line. • While poverty in the developed world is often associated with unemployment, the extreme poverty that exists throughout much of the developing world is largely a problem of employed persons in these societies.
- 17. DATA ON SOCIAL SECURITY • Share of employment by economic class in 2019, with lowest economic class based on the World Bank's international poverty line of $1.90 a day (using 2011 PPPs) COUNTARY EXTREMELY POOR MODERATELY POOR NEAR POOR INDIA 8% 29% 35%
- 18. SHARE OF TOTAL WORKERS IN INDIA ACROSS TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT AND SECTOR INFORMAL SECTOR FORMAL SECTOR HOUSEHOLD SECTOR TOTAL 80.2 18.6 1.2 100 SOURCE- PERIODICLABOUR FORCE SURVEY 2018-19, NSO
- 19. REGULAR SALARIED EARNERS AND CASUAL LABOURERS WITH ACCESS TO SOCIAL SECURITY, OTHER BENEFITS YEAR AVAILABILITY OF SOCIAL SECURITY ELIGIBILITY OF PAID LEAVE HAS WRITTEN JOB CONTRACT RURAL INDIA 2011-12 15% 19% 15% 2018-19 17% 20% 15% URBAN INDIA 2011-12 33% 39% 27% 2018-19 35% 38% 23% ALL INDIA 2011-2 23% 28% 21% 2018-19 26% 29% 19% SOURCE- PERIODICLABOUR FORCE SURVEY 2018-19, NSO
- 20. SOME FACT ON ESI HOSPITALS • UPA led government decided to improve and build ESIC hospitals at AIIIMS, but decision was not implemented till now. • MINISTER reply in Loksabha – 160 hospitals district in India 748 – ratio 4.68 district per hospitals. • Post vacant in ESI hospitals – doctors- 567 out of 1908 - specialists- 382 out of 1341
- 21. SOME FACTS ON MATERNITY LEAVE • ACCORDING TO RESEARCH PAPER OF SHRUTI RAJAGOPALAN – 70% WOMEN DO NOT WORK • 30% WOMEN ARE WORK IN INDIA • 84% WORKING WOMEN WORK IN UNORGANISED SECTOR • 16% WORKING WOMEN WORK IN ORGANISED SECTOR • ONLY 1.3 % WOMEN GET BENEFITS OF THIS ACT.
- 22. NATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY FUNDS FOR INDIA’S UNORGANISED SECTOR WORKERS • SET UP IN 2010-11 WITH 1,000 CR. FUND. • SUPPORT SCHEMES FOR WEAVER, TODDY TAPPERS, RICKSHOW PULLERS, BEEDI WORKERS ETC. • CAG AUDIT REPORT – 2016-17 COUND NOT UTILISED AND UNUTILISED FUND IS 1927 CR.
- 23. CHALLENGES IN ACCESS TO SOCIAL SECURITY FOR INFORMAL WORKERS • THE CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY,2020 – lack of reform with UWSSA continues in the social security code,2020. • Lacking in facilitation of registration. • lack of a minimum benefit policy at the national level.
- 24. Other gaps and challenges in provision of social security to informal workers • Fragmented administration systems and impact on the delivery of social security. • Lack of regular revision of entitlement amounts.
- 25. Way forward • Ensuring a minimum social security net at national level. • Monitoring and enforcement mechanism to ensure compliance to labour legislations. • Creating a common database of informal workers. • Creating awareness about entitlement. • Make easy way to registration process of informal workers.