Software Engineering & SDLC
- 2. GROUP MEMBERS • Name: • Ayesha Bashir • Rida Murad • Saad Nadeem
- 4. SOFTWARE A set of instructions given to the computer to solve a specific problem. It is intangible. Software can not be executed without hardware.
- 5. WHAT IS SOFTWARE ENGINEERING? Software engineers should adopt a systematic and organised approach to their work and use appropriate tools and techniques depending on the problem to be solved, the development constraints and the resources available.
- 6. CASE TOOLS CASE stands for Computer Aided Software Engineering. It means, development and maintenance of software projects with help of various automated software tools. CASE tools are set of software application programs, which are used to automate SDLC activities.
- 7. COMPONENTS OF CASE TOOLS • CASE tools can be broadly divided into the following parts based on their use at a particular SDLC stage:
- 8. Upper Case Tools: Upper CASE tools are used in planning, analysis and design stages of SDLC. Lower Case Tools: Lower CASE tools are used in implementation, testing and maintenance. Integrated Case Tools: Integrated CASE tools are helpful in all the stages of SDLC, from Requirement gathering to Testing and documentation.
- 9. SOFTWARE ENGINEERING OBJECTIVES • Understanding user conceptual models and development of better specifications. • Improvement in design languages and reusable code. • Participatory design and interactive debugging. • Specification of interface and mock-up to confirm specifications.
- 10. SDLC
- 11. WHAT IS SDLC? • SDLC stands for System Development Life Cycle. It is a set of different steps that are performed to develop a system. It is an organized way of developing successful systems. It consist of different phases. These phases are as follows.
- 12. PHASES • Preliminary Investigation • Planning • System Analysis • Design • Implementation • Testing • Maintenance
- 13. • Preliminary Investigation: Preliminary investigation is the first phase. In this phase, the system is investigated. The objective of this phase is to conduct an initial analysis and finding of system as follows: • System Identification: This phase is used to identify the need for a new system. It is very important step. Everything performed in future depends on this phase. • System scope: The scope of the system is defined at this stage. The scope of a system can be reduced due to financial and political problems etc.
- 14. • Planning: During this phase, a plan is developed that documents the approach to be used. It includes a discussion of methods, tools, tasks, resources, project schedules and user input. • System Analysis: In this phase, the current business system is studied in detail to find out how it works and how to improve it. The analyst conducts the following activities: • Need analysis: Need analysis is also called requirments analysis. It consists all requirements of the sysytem from user and managers.
- 15. • Data analysis: Data analysis is a process of analyzing the data to obtain accutrate information. Many tools are used for this purpose such as data flow diagram and flowchart etc, • Design: Design phase is used to design logical and physical model of new system. The system design states how new system will meet the requirement identified in analysis phase. • TESTING: Complete testing of the system is very important. A system must be tested to detect and remove errors in it. The system is tested by giving sample data
- 16. • Implementation: Implementation consist of installing the hardware, software and files. A system can be implemented after it has been tasted. It is also called system conversion. It can be performed in any of the following ways: • Phased conversion: A type of conversion in which individual components of new system are implemented one by one is called phased conversion. • Parallel conversion: A type of conversion in which both new and old system operate together for a period of time is called parallel conversion.
- 17. • Maintenance: Maintenance is a process of checking the working of the system. It is very important to ensure that the system is fulfilling the objectives. Some measure may be taken to improve the system. Maintenance includes the following activites: Correcting the problems in the system Improving the work of the system.
Editor's Notes
- #10: Mock-up: A full size structural model built to scale chiefly for study, testing, or display.