Software lec1
- 2. Software is the instructions that run on a Computer Also known a computer program Software is written in a computer programming language such as Pascal, COBOL, C++, Java, BASIC etc. There are two basic types of software 1. System Software (Operating Software) 2. Applications Software
- 3. We known that the computer is composed of various components of hardware When the user wants to perform certain action, he/she gives instructions to computer HW through computer SW Generally, program (software) are written in high-level languages easily understood by humans and translated into machine language The machine language is easily readable by computer microprocessors
- 4. The software is owned by the maker even it is used by millions of users What we buy from the maker is the license or agreement of the software and it’s executable version Using a piece of copyrighted software in ways that violate the licensing agreement is called Software Piracy and is against the law However, there are certain variations in the agreement…
- 5. Commercial Software (Proprietary License) – Created by a software house (Microsoft, Borland, Adobe, Mac OS, Norton Antivirus), typically by large teams of programmers – The user will pay the licensing fee to the maker – The user is legally prohibited from making copies of the licensed software – Some commercial software is bundled with hardware – Evaluation versions may be free, low cost, or with limited functionality
- 6. Freeware – Software that can be copied and distributed at no cost – Also known as Public Domain Software – Author still retains the copyright – Free Software Downloadable websites Need to be very careful about security when downloading executables. You should have updated antivirus Some authors give away the high-level language source code and known as Open-Source SW License Sofware (e.g. Linux, Netscape Navigato
- 7. Shareware – Software that can be used in trial period for free, then the author expects a small payment – Again the author still retains the copyright – Mostly works on honor system – Example: Winzip etc
- 8. There are four types of agreement which specifies the number of people that may use the software and the number of computers on which software may be installed 1. Single-User License 2. Multi-User License 3. Concurrent-User License (e.g Database SW) 4. Site License (e.g. University Users)
- 9. Commercial Software mostly goes through extensive testing cycles Alpha Release: Preliminary version, not yet ready for use Beta Release: Test version, normally released to consumers, helpful in identifying bugs… Version 1 would typically follow the Beta release Subsequent versions indicate significant upgrades in functionality, as well as lesser bugs – Version numbers or revision numbers tell you which release you have – Replacing with a new release is called an upgrade
- 11. Engineering and Scientific Software – Computer Aided Design (CAD – Auto CAD, DenabaCAD, Core – Computer Aided Manufactory – Industrial Control Software Educational Software – Electronic Encyclopedia – Computer Adaptive Learning a Entertainment Software – Audio and Video Players – Music Synthesis Software
- 12. Speech and Language Software – Speech Synthesis System – Speech Recognition System – Speech Activated Systems – Speaker Identification System for Security applications – Text and Speech Summarization System – Machine Translation (translating one language into other language) – Intelligent Searching (Syntactic and Semantic analysis of text)
- 13. A set of stand-alone applications designed to work with each other They share common features with each other They are available as a bundle along with many other utilities Examples: MS Office, Perfect Office, Lotus Smart Suite, Star Office
- 14. Installer Application should have good user interface The application should be consistent and easily configurable to the needs of the user Tutorial Application Help or Documentation or Reference Manual Free from bugs Good to have warranty Technical Support