Software testing lab 3 & 4 (2)

Software Testing Lab
(Lab 3 & 4)
By: Ms. Aroosa Hameed
DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (DSE)
Foundation University Rawalpindi Campus (FURC)

Lab Agenda
• Selenium IDE in depth (commands, target, value).
• Locating Strategies.
• By identifiers.
• By Id.
• By Name.
• By link.
• By Xpath.
SEN 461L - Software Testing Lab by Aroosa Hameed 2

Command, Target, Value fields
• A test case is represented by a table view.
• Each row in a table represents a step and it contains 3 columns as described
below:
 Command: Specifies the action to be performed by step.
 Target: Specifies web element for the action.
 Value: Specifies the input data or value for the step.

Command, Target, Value fields (Cont.)
• Technically, the columns Command, target, and value are like:
𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑔1, 𝑎𝑟𝑔2
• All these columns, fields are case sensitive.
• One major drawback is that you are limited to maximum two arguments.

Locating Strategies
• For many Selenium commands, target is required.
• Target identifies a web element uniquely in the content of web application.
• Web elements: Buttons, input elements, links, images etc.
• Target consists of locating strategy and format like:
LocatorType=LocatorStrategy
Example:
id=uh-search-box

Locating by identifiers
• It was default type earlier and not recommended as it is not supported by web
driver.
• The first element with matching id attribute is used.
• If no element has a matching id attribute then the first element with a matching
name attribute is used.
• Example: identifier=login (this could be id or name)

Locating by id
• This type of locator is more explicit and the first element with the matching id
attribute is used.
• Use this when you know an element’s id attribute.
• Example: id =login
id=user name

Locating by name
• The name locator type will locate first element with a matching name attribute.
• Example: name=username.

Locating Hyperlinks by Link Text
• This is a simple method of locating a hyperlink in your web page.
• The text of link is used for this purpose.
• If two links with same text are present, then the first match will be used.
• Example:
link=SignIn.

Locating by XPath
• XPath is a language used for locating nodes in XML documents.
• One of the main reason for using XPath is when you don’t have a suitable id or
name attribute for the element you want to locate.
1. XPath-Absolute---not recommended to use
Syntax:
//html/body/tag1[index]/tag2[index]/…/tagN[index]
Example:
//html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/fieldset/form/div[1]/input[1]

Locating by XPath
2. XPath-Attributes
Syntax:
//htmltag[@attribute1=‘value1’ and @attribute2=‘value2’]
Example:
//input[@id=‘password’ and @placeholder=‘Password’]

Locating by XPath
2. XPath-Functions
If you have some part of id/name as constant and rest is changing and rest is
changing, you can use Xpath functions contains or starts-with based on the context.
Example:
//input[contains(@id,‘username’)] matches first element with username in id.
//input[starts-with(@name,‘pass’)] matches first element with name starting with
‘pass’ word.

Exercise
1. By id
2. By name
3. By link
4. Xpath-Attribute
//input[@id=‘password’ and @placeholder=‘Password’]
5. Xpath-Function
//input[contains(@id,‘username’)].

Software testing lab 3 & 4 (2)

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