Span of Management (Span of Control)
- 1. Span of Management Presented By :- Aniket Singh
- 2. Introduction :- • Span of management can also named as span of control, span of authority, span of responsibility or span of supervision • A sound organization depends upon the effective performance of work by executives
- 3. Meaning :- • Span of management means the number of people managed efficiently by a single officer in an organization • It implies that a single executive should not be expected to give guidance to move people • The limit of number of members for span of control may be increased or decreased according to the levels of management
- 4. Factors Affecting Span of Management:- • Character of supervision work – The span of control may be increased whenever the work is performed and standardized • Leadership Qualities – The personal ability and capacity of a supervisor can influence the span of management
- 5. Factors Affecting Span of Management :- • Qualities of subordinate – If the subordinates have enough talent to perform the work assigned to them, the manager can control more number of subordinates • Time available to supervisor – Most of the executives spend a lot of time for operating the work and administrative duties, hence they can control lesser number of subordinates hat the person who spends full time for their supervision
- 6. Factors Affecting Span of Management :- • Nature of work – In case of the repetitive natured work or the work the does not require extra ordinary talent, the supervisor can control a large number of subordinates • Level of supervision – The degree of span of control can be increased at the bottom level management and decreased at top level management
- 7. Graicunas theory of Span of Management :- • A management expert V. M. Graicunas contributed much to the span of management • His theory identified the relationship prevailing between the superior and subordinate, which are classified in to three groups – Direct single relationship – Direct group relationship – Cross relationship
- 8. Direct Single Relationship :- • In this type of relationship the superior has the direct relationship with his subordinate • This relationship is explained with the chart on right - • Gaurav with Manoj, and Gaurav with Sameer, i.e. a total of 2 direct single
- 9. Direct group relationship :- • In this type of relationship the superior has the direct relationship with his subordinates jointly • This relationship is explained with the chart on right – • Gaurav with Manoj in presence of Sameer, and Gaurav with Sameer in presence of Manoj, i.e. a total of 2 direct group relationships.
- 10. Cross relationship :- • In this type of relationship asubordinate has relationship with another subordinates mutually • This relationship isexplained with the chart on right – • Manoj with Sameer, and Sameer with Manoj, i.e. again a total of 2 cross relationships.
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