Specification Of The Bluetooth System V42 Bluetooth Sig

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Covered Core Package version: 4.2
Publication date: Dec 02 2014
Bluetooth SIG Proprietary
Specification Volume 0
Master Table of
Contents
& Compliance
Requirements

02 December 2014
BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 4.2 [Vol 0] page 2
Revision History
The Revision History is shown in the [Vol 0] Part C, Appendix.
Contributors
The persons who contributed to this specification are listed in the [Vol 0] Part C,
Appendix.
Web Site
This specification can also be found on the official Bluetooth web site:
https://www.bluetooth.org/en-us/specification/adopted-specifications
Disclaimer and Copyright Notice
This disclaimer applies to all draft specifications and final specifications adopted by the
Bluetooth SIG Board of Directors (both of which are hereinafter referred to herein as a
Bluetooth “Specification”). Your use of this Specification in any way is subject to your
compliance with all conditions of such use, and your acceptance of all disclaimers and
limitations as to such use, contained in this Specification. Any user of this Specification is
advised to seek appropriate legal, engineering or other professional advice regarding the use,
interpretation or effect of this Specification on any matters discussed in this Specification.
Use of Bluetooth Specifications and any related intellectual property is governed by the
Promoters Membership Agreement among the Promoter Members and Bluetooth SIG (the
“Promoters Agreement”), certain membership agreements between Bluetooth SIG and its
Adopter and Associate Members, including, but not limited to, the Membership Application, the
Bluetooth Patent/Copyright License Agreement and the Bluetooth Trademark License
Agreement (collectively, the “Membership Agreements”) and the Bluetooth Specification Early
Adopters Agreements (1.2 Early Adopters Agreements) among Early Adopter members of the
unincorporated Bluetooth SIG and the Promoter Members (the “Early Adopters Agreement”).
Certain rights and obligations of the Promoter Members under the Early Adopters Agreements
have been assigned to Bluetooth SIG by the Promoter Members.
Use of the Specification by anyone who is not a member of Bluetooth SIG or a party to an Early
Adopters Agreement (each such person or party, a “Member”) is prohibited. The use of any
portion of a Bluetooth Specification may involve the use of intellectual property rights ("IPR"),
including pending or issued patents, or copyrights or other rights. Bluetooth SIG has made no
search or investigation for such rights and disclaims any undertaking or duty to do so. The legal
rights and obligations of each Member are governed by the applicable Membership
Agreements, Early Adopters Agreement or Promoters Agreement. No license, express or
implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights are granted herein.
Any use of the Specification not in compliance with the terms of the applicable Membership
Agreements, Early Adopters Agreement or Promoters Agreement is prohibited and any such
prohibited use may result in (i) termination of the applicable Membership Agreements or Early
Adopters Agreement and (ii) liability claims by Bluetooth SIG or any of its Members for patent,
copyright and/or trademark infringement claims permitted by the applicable agreement or by
applicable law.

02 December 2014
BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 4.2 [Vol 0] page 3
THE SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER,
INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, FITNESS
FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, OR REASONABLE SKILL
OR CARE, OR ANY WARRANTY ARISING OUT OF ANY COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE,
TRADE PRACTICE, PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION OR SAMPLE.
Each Member hereby acknowledges that products equipped with the Bluetooth wireless
technology ("Bluetooth Products") may be subject to various regulatory controls under the laws
and regulations applicable to products using wireless non licensed spectrum of various
governments worldwide. Such laws and regulatory controls may govern, among other things,
the combination, operation, use, implementation and distribution of Bluetooth Products.
Examples of such laws and regulatory controls include, but are not limited to, airline regulatory
controls, telecommunications regulations, technology transfer controls and health and safety
regulations. Each Member is solely responsible for the compliance by their Bluetooth Products
with any such laws and regulations and for obtaining any and all required authorizations,
permits, or licenses for their Bluetooth Products related to such regulations within the
applicable jurisdictions. Each Member acknowledges that nothing in the Specification provides
any information or assistance in connection with securing such compliance, authorizations or
licenses. NOTHING IN THE SPECIFICATION CREATES ANY WARRANTIES, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING SUCH LAWS OR REGULATIONS.
ALL LIABILITY, INCLUDING LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY RIGHTS OR FOR NONCOMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, RELATING TO USE OF
THE SPECIFICATION IS EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. To the extent not prohibited by law, in no
event will Bluetooth SIG or its Members or their affiliates be liable for any damages, including
without limitation, lost revenue, profits, data or programs, or business interruption, or for
special, indirect, consequential, incidental or punitive damages, however caused and
regardless of the theory of liability, arising out of or related to any furnishing, practicing,
modifying, use or the performance or implementation of the contents of this Specification, even
if Bluetooth SIG or its Members or their affiliates have been advised of the possibility of such
damages. BY USE OF THE SPECIFICATION, EACH MEMBER EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY
CLAIM AGAINST BLUETOOTH SIG AND ITS MEMBERS OR THEIR AFFILATES RELATED
TO USE OF THE SPECIFICATION.
If this Specification is an intermediate draft, it is for comment only. No products should be
designed based on it except solely to verify the prototyping specification at SIG sponsored IOP
events and it does not represent any commitment to release or implement any portion of the
intermediate draft, which may be withdrawn, modified, or replaced at any time in the adopted
Specification.
Bluetooth SIG reserves the right to adopt any changes or alterations to the Specification it
deems necessary or appropriate.
Copyright © 1999-2014. The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc.
All copyrights in the Bluetooth Specifications themselves are owned by Ericsson AB, Lenovo
(Singapore) Pte. Ltd., Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Motorola Mobility, LLC, Nokia
Corporation and Toshiba Corporation. Other third-party brands and names are the property of
their respective owners.

Part A
PART A: MASTER TABLE OF
CONTENTS
This table of contents (TOC) covers the
entire Bluetooth Specification.
In addition each volume has a TOC and
each part of a volume is preceded by a
detailed TOC.
Master Table of Contents & Compliance Requirements

02 December 2014
BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 4.2 [Vol 0, Part A] page 5
Master Table of Contents
THE BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION MASTER TABLE OF
CONTENTS
In the following Master Table of Contents:
• The TOC for each Volume starts at the top of a page.
• The Volume number in black is followed by the Volume name in red.
Note: Each Volume is a self contained book and is equipped with a TOC of its own.
• A Volume contains one or more Parts (A, B, etc.); each Part can be viewed
independently and has its own TOC.
Red or blue text on the following pages indicates hypertext links that take you
directly to the indicated section, on condition that you have access to a
complete specification.

02 December 2014
Master Table of Contents & Compliance Requirements
Part A
MASTER TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part B
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS
1 Introduction........................................................................................ 75
2 Scope .................................................................................................. 76
3 Definitions .......................................................................................... 77
3.1 Types of Bluetooth Products...................................................... 77
3.1.1 Bluetooth End Product.................................................. 78
3.1.2 Bluetooth Subsystem Product....................................... 78
3.1.3 Bluetooth Component Product...................................... 81
3.1.4 Bluetooth Development Tool......................................... 81
3.1.5 Bluetooth Test Equipment............................................. 81
4 Core Configurations .......................................................................... 82
4.1 Basic Rate Core Configuration .................................................. 82
4.2 Enhanced Data Rate Core Configurations ................................ 83
4.3 High Speed Core Configuration................................................. 84
4.4 Low Energy Core Configuration ................................................ 85
4.5 Basic Rate and Low Energy Combined Core Configuration...... 86
4.6 Host Controller Interface Core Configuration............................. 87
Part C
APPENDIX
1 Revision History ................................................................................ 91
1.1 [Vol 0] Master TOC & Compliance Requirements ..................... 91
1.1.1 Bluetooth Compliance Requirements ........................... 91
1.2 [Vol 1] Architecture & Terminology Overview............................. 92
1.3 [Vols 2, 3, 5, 6 & 7] Core System Package ............................... 93
1.4 [Vol 4] Transport Layers............................................................. 95
2 Contributors ....................................................................................... 96
2.1 [Vol 0] Master TOC & Compliance Requirements ..................... 96
2.1.1 Part B: Bluetooth Compliance Requirements .............. 96
2.1.2 Vol 0 Part C: Appendix (Rev History and Contributors) 96
2.2 [Vol 1] Architecture & Terminology Overview............................. 97
2.2.1 Part A: Architectural Overview ..................................... 97

02 December 2014
2.2.2 Part B: Acronyms & Abbreviations................................ 99
2.2.3 Part C: Core Specification Change History .................. 99
2.2.4 Part D: Mixing of Specification Versions ..................... 100
2.3 [Vol 2] Core System Package, Controller ................................ 101
2.3.1 Part A: Radio Specification ......................................... 101
2.3.2 Part B: Baseband Specification................................... 103
2.3.3 Part C: Link Manager Protocol.................................... 108
2.3.4 Part D: Error Codes .................................................... 112
2.3.5 Part E: Bluetooth Host Controller Interface Functional
Specification................................................................ 115
2.3.6 Part F: Message Sequence Charts............................. 121
2.3.7 Part G: Sample Data................................................... 124
2.3.8 Part H: Security Specification...................................... 126
2.4 [Vol 3] Core System Package, Host ........................................ 129
2.4.1 Part A: Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol
Specification................................................................ 129
2.4.2 Part B: Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) .................. 133
2.4.3 Part C: Generic Access Profile ................................... 134
2.4.4 Part D: Test Support.................................................... 138
2.4.5 Part E: AMP Manager Protocol................................... 139
2.4.6 Part F: Attribute Protocol Specification ....................... 139
2.4.7 Part G: Generic Attribute Protocol Specification ......... 140
2.4.8 Part H: Security Manager Specification ...................... 142
2.5 [Vol 4] Host Controller Interface [Transport Layer] .................. 144
2.6 [Vol 5] Core System Package [AMP Controller volume].......... 146
2.6.1 Part A: 802.11 PAL...................................................... 146
2.7 [Vol 6] Low Energy Specification ............................................. 147
2.7.1 Part A: Physical Layer Specification ........................... 147
2.7.2 Part B: Link Layer Specification .................................. 147
2.7.3 Part C: Sample Data................................................... 149
2.7.4 Part D: Message Sequence Charts ............................ 150
2.7.5 Part E: Low Energy Security Specification.................. 151
2.7.6 Part F: Direct Test Mode ............................................. 152
2.8 [Vol 7] Core System Package [Wireless Coexistence volume] 153
2.8.1 Part A: MWS Coexistence Logical Signaling
Specification................................................................ 153
2.8.2 Part B: Wireless Coexistence Interface 1 (WCI-1)
Transport Specification ............................................... 153
2.8.3 Part C: Wireless Coexistence Interface 2 (WCI-2)
Transport Specification ............................................... 153

02 December 2014
Architecture & Terminology Overview
Part A
ARCHITECTURE
1 General Description........................................................................... 13
1.1 Overview of BR/EDR Operation ................................................ 14
1.2 Overview of Bluetooth Low Energy Operation........................... 16
1.3 Overview of AMP Operation ...................................................... 19
1.4 Nomenclature ............................................................................ 20
2 Core System Architecture................................................................. 26
2.1 Core Architectural Blocks .......................................................... 30
2.1.1 Host Architectural Blocks.............................................. 30
2.1.2 BR/EDR/LE Controller Architectural Blocks.................. 31
2.1.3 AMP Controller architectural blocks.............................. 33
3 Data Transport Architecture ............................................................. 35
3.1 Core Traffic Bearers .................................................................. 36
3.1.1 Framed Data Traffic ...................................................... 37
3.1.2 Unframed Data Traffic................................................... 38
3.1.3 Reliability of traffic bearers............................................ 39
3.2 Transport Architecture Entities .................................................. 42
3.2.1 BR/EDR Generic Packet Structure ............................... 43
3.2.2 LE Generic Packet Structure......................................... 44
3.3 Physical Channels ..................................................................... 46
3.3.1 BR/EDR Physical Channels.......................................... 46
3.3.2 LE Physical Channels................................................... 52
3.3.3 AMP physical channel................................................... 55
3.4 Physical Links............................................................................ 56
3.4.1 BR/EDR Links Supported By The Basic And Adapted
Piconet Physical Channel ............................................. 56
3.4.2 BR/EDR Links Supported by the Scanning Physical
Channels....................................................................... 59
3.4.3 LE Links Supported by the LE Physical Channels........ 59
3.4.4 Links Supported by the AMP Physical Channels.......... 59
3.5 Logical Links and Logical Transports ........................................ 60
3.5.1 Casting.......................................................................... 61
3.5.2 Scheduling and Acknowledgement Scheme................. 62
3.5.3 Class of Data ................................................................ 62

02 December 2014
3.5.4 Logical Transports......................................................... 63
3.5.5 Logical Links ................................................................. 68
3.6 L2CAP Channels ....................................................................... 71
4 Communication Topology and Operation ....................................... 72
4.1 Piconet Topology ....................................................................... 72
4.1.1 BR/EDR Topology......................................................... 72
4.1.2 LE Topology .................................................................. 74
4.2 Operational Procedures and Modes.......................................... 76
4.2.1 BR/EDR Procedures..................................................... 76
4.2.2 LE Procedures .............................................................. 80
4.2.3 AMP Procedures........................................................... 84
5 Security Overview.............................................................................. 85
5.1 Security Architecture ................................................................. 85
5.2 BR/EDR Secure Simple Pairing................................................. 87
5.2.1 Security Goals............................................................... 87
5.2.2 Passive Eavesdropping Protection ............................... 88
5.2.3 Man-In-The-Middle Protection ...................................... 89
5.2.4 Association Models....................................................... 89
5.3 Secure Connections Only Mode................................................ 92
5.4 LE Security ................................................................................ 93
5.4.1 Association Models....................................................... 93
5.4.2 Key Generation............................................................. 94
5.4.3 Encryption..................................................................... 94
5.4.4 Signed Data .................................................................. 94
5.4.5 Privacy Feature............................................................. 94
5.5 AMP Security............................................................................. 96
5.6 Key Generation Between BR/EDR and LE Physical Transports96
6 Bluetooth Application Architecture ................................................. 97
6.1 Bluetooth Profiles ...................................................................... 97
6.2 Generic Access Profile .............................................................. 98
6.3 Profile Hierarchy ........................................................................ 99
6.4 Generic Attribute Profile ............................................................ 99
6.5 GATT-based Profile Hierarchy................................................. 100
6.5.1 Service........................................................................ 101
6.5.2 Referenced Services................................................... 102
6.5.3 Characteristic.............................................................. 102
7 Coexistence and Collocation.......................................................... 103
7.1 Core Features Supporting Coexistence and Collocation......... 104
7.2 Adaptive Frequency Hopping .................................................. 104

02 December 2014
7.3 Coexistence Between Bluetooth Devices and Wireless LAN
Devices.................................................................................... 105
7.4 Mobile Wireless Standards (MWS) Coexistence ..................... 105
7.5 Synchronizing Bluetooth with an External Timing Source ....... 108
7.6 Piconet Clock Adjustment........................................................ 109
Part B
ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS
1 List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................. 113
Part C
CORE SPECIFICATION CHANGE HISTORY
1 Deprecated Features ....................................................................... 126
2 Changes from V1.1 to V1.2 ............................................................. 127
2.1 New Features .......................................................................... 127
2.2 Structure Changes................................................................... 127
2.3 Deprecated Features list ......................................................... 127
2.4 Changes in Wording ................................................................ 128
2.5 Nomenclature Changes........................................................... 128
3 Changes from V1.2 to V2.0 + EDR.................................................. 129
3.1 New Features .......................................................................... 129
3.2 Deprecated Features............................................................... 129
4 Changes from V2.0 + EDR to V2.1 + EDR ...................................... 130
4.1 New features ........................................................................... 130
5 Changes From V2.1 + EDR To V3.0 + HS....................................... 131
5.1 New Features .......................................................................... 131
6 Changes From V3.0 + HS To v4.0 ................................................... 132
6.1 New Features .......................................................................... 132
7 Changes from v4.0 to v4.1 ............................................................. 133
7.1 New Features .......................................................................... 133
7.1.1 Features Added in CSA 4 – Integrated in v4.1 ........... 133
8 Changes from v4.1 to v4.2 .............................................................. 135
8.1 New Features .......................................................................... 135
8.2 Errata Incorporated in v4.2 ...................................................... 135

02 December 2014
Part D
MIXING OF SPECIFICATION VERSIONS
1 Mixing of Specification Versions.................................................... 139
1.1 Features and their Types......................................................... 141
1.2 Core Specification Addenda .................................................... 143
Part E
IEEE LANGUAGE
1 Use of IEEE Language..................................................................... 148
1.1 Shall......................................................................................... 149
1.2 Must......................................................................................... 149
1.3 Will........................................................................................... 149
1.4 Should ..................................................................................... 149
1.5 May.......................................................................................... 150
1.6 Can .......................................................................................... 150
LIST OF FIGURES (ALL PARTS) ............................................................... 151
LIST OF TABLES (ALL PARTS) ................................................................ 153

02 December 2014
Core System Package
[BR/EDR Controller volume]
Part A
RADIO SPECIFICATION
1 Scope .................................................................................................. 34
2 Frequency Bands and Channel Arrangement................................. 36
3 Transmitter Characteristics .............................................................. 37
3.1 Basic Rate ................................................................................. 39
3.1.1 Modulation Characteristics............................................ 39
3.1.2 Spurious Emissions....................................................... 39
3.1.3 Radio Frequency Tolerance.......................................... 40
3.2 Enhanced Data Rate ................................................................. 41
3.2.1 Modulation Characteristics............................................ 41
3.2.2 Spurious Emissions....................................................... 44
3.2.3 Radio Frequency Tolerance.......................................... 46
3.2.4 Relative Transmit Power............................................... 46
4 Receiver Characteristics................................................................... 47
4.1 Basic Rate ................................................................................. 47
4.1.1 Actual Sensitivity Level ................................................. 47
4.1.2 Interference Performance ............................................. 47
4.1.3 Out-of-Band Blocking.................................................... 48
4.1.4 Intermodulation Characteristics .................................... 48
4.1.5 Maximum Usable Level................................................. 49
4.1.6 Receiver Signal Strength Indicator................................ 49
4.1.7 Reference Signal Definition .......................................... 49
4.2 Enhanced Data Rate ................................................................. 49
4.2.1 Actual Sensitivity Level ................................................. 49
4.2.2 BER Floor Performance................................................ 49
4.2.3 Interference Performance ............................................. 50
4.2.4 Maximum Usable Level................................................. 51
4.2.5 Out-of-Band and Intermodulation Characteristics......... 51
4.2.6 Reference Signal Definition .......................................... 51
Appendix A Test Conditions ..................................................................... 52
A.1 Nominal Test Conditions ........................................................ 52

02 December 2014
A.1.1 Nominal temperature .................................................. 52
A.1.2 Nominal power source ................................................ 52
A.2 Extreme Test Conditions ........................................................ 52
A.2.1 Extreme temperatures ................................................ 52
A.2.2 Extreme power source voltages .................................. 53
Appendix B Test Conditions for RF Parameters ..................................... 54
Appendix C Modulation Accuracy Definition .......................................... 55
C.1 Enhanced Data Rate Modulation Accuracy ............................ 55
C.1.1 RMS DEVM .................................................................. 57
C.1.2 Peak DEVM ................................................................. 57
Part B
BASEBAND SPECIFICATION
1 General Description........................................................................... 66
1.1 Bluetooth Clock ......................................................................... 67
1.2 Bluetooth Device Addressing .................................................... 69
1.2.1 Reserved Addresses..................................................... 69
1.3 Access Codes............................................................................ 70
2 Physical Channels ............................................................................. 71
2.1 Physical Channel Definition....................................................... 72
2.2 Basic Piconet Physical Channel ................................................ 72
2.2.1 Master-slave Definition ................................................. 72
2.2.2 Hopping Characteristics................................................ 73
2.2.3 Time Slots ..................................................................... 73
2.2.4 Piconet Clocks .............................................................. 74
2.2.5 Transmit/Receive Timing .............................................. 74
2.3 Adapted Piconet Physical Channel ........................................... 78
2.4 Page Scan Physical Channel .................................................... 79
2.4.1 Clock Estimate for Paging............................................. 79
2.4.3 Paging Procedure Timing ............................................. 80
2.4.4 Page Response Timing................................................. 81
2.5 Inquiry Scan Physical Channel.................................................. 83
2.5.1 Clock for Inquiry............................................................ 83
2.5.3 Inquiry Procedure Timing.............................................. 83

02 December 2014
2.5.4 Inquiry Response Timing .............................................. 83
2.6 Hop Selection ............................................................................ 85
2.6.1 General Selection Scheme ........................................... 85
2.6.2 Selection Kernel............................................................ 89
2.6.3 Adapted Hop Selection Kernel...................................... 92
2.6.4 Control Word................................................................. 93
2.7 Synchronization Scan Physical Channel ................................... 98
2.7.2 Synchronization Train Procedure Timing...................... 98
2.7.3 Synchronization Scan Procedure Timing...................... 99
3 Physical Links.................................................................................. 101
3.1 Link Supervision for Active and Parked Physical Links ........... 101
3.2 Link Supervision for Connectionless Slave Broadcast Physical
Links ........................................................................................ 102
3.3 Authenticated Payload Timeout for Active Links ..................... 102
4 Logical Transports........................................................................... 103
4.1 General.................................................................................... 103
4.2 Logical Transport Address (LT_ADDR) ................................... 103
4.3 Synchronous Logical Transports ............................................. 104
4.4 Asynchronous Logical Transport ............................................. 104
4.5 Transmit/Receive Routines...................................................... 106
4.5.1 TX Routine.................................................................. 106
4.5.2 RX Routine.................................................................. 109
4.5.3 Flow Control................................................................ 110
4.6 Active Slave Broadcast Transport ............................................111
4.7 Parked Slave Broadcast Transport.......................................... 112
4.7.1 Parked Member Address (PM_ADDR) ....................... 112
4.7.2 Access Request Address (AR_ADDR) ....................... 112
4.8 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Logical Transport ................ 112
5 Logical Links.................................................................................... 113
5.1 Link Control Logical Link (LC) ................................................. 113
5.2 ACL Control Logical Link (ACL-C)........................................... 113
5.3 User Asynchronous/Isochronous Logical Link (ACL-U)........... 114
5.3.1 Pausing the ACL-U logical link.................................... 114
5.4 User Synchronous Data Logical Link (SCO-S)........................ 114
5.5 User Extended Synchronous Data Logical Link (eSCO-S)...... 114
5.6 Logical Link Priorities............................................................... 114
5.7 Profile Broadcast Data Logical Link......................................... 114
6 Packets ............................................................................................. 115
6.1 General Format ....................................................................... 115

02 December 2014
6.1.1 Basic Rate................................................................... 115
6.1.2 Enhanced Data Rate................................................... 115
6.2 Bit Ordering ............................................................................. 116
6.3 Access Code ........................................................................... 117
6.3.1 Access Code Types .................................................... 117
6.3.2 Preamble..................................................................... 118
6.3.3 Sync Word .................................................................. 118
6.3.4 Trailer.......................................................................... 121
6.4 Packet Header......................................................................... 122
6.4.1 LT_ADDR.................................................................... 122
6.4.2 TYPE........................................................................... 122
6.4.3 FLOW.......................................................................... 123
6.4.4 ARQN.......................................................................... 123
6.4.5 SEQN.......................................................................... 123
6.4.6 HEC ............................................................................ 123
6.5 Packet Types ........................................................................... 124
6.5.1 Common Packet Types............................................... 126
6.5.2 SCO Packets .............................................................. 128
6.5.3 eSCO Packets ............................................................ 130
6.5.4 ACL Packets ............................................................... 132
6.6 Payload Format ....................................................................... 135
6.6.1 Synchronous Data Field.............................................. 135
6.6.2 Asynchronous Data Field............................................ 137
6.7 Packet Summary ..................................................................... 141
7 Bitstream Processing...................................................................... 143
7.1 Error Checking......................................................................... 144
7.1.1 HEC Generation.......................................................... 144
7.1.2 CRC Generation ......................................................... 146
7.2 Data Whitening ........................................................................ 147
7.3 Error Correction ....................................................................... 148
7.4 FEC Code: Rate 1/3 ................................................................ 148
7.5 FEC Code: Rate 2/3 ................................................................ 149
7.6 ARQ Scheme........................................................................... 150
7.6.1 Unnumbered ARQ ...................................................... 150
7.6.2 Retransmit Filtering..................................................... 153
7.6.3 Flushing Payloads....................................................... 156
7.6.4 Multi-slave Considerations.......................................... 157
7.6.5 Active Slave and Park Slave Broadcast Packets........ 157
7.7 Erroneous Synchronous Data Reporting................................. 158

02 December 2014
7.8 Message Integrity Check ......................................................... 158
8 Link Controller Operation ............................................................... 159
8.1 Overview of States................................................................... 159
8.2 Standby State........................................................................... 160
8.3 Connection Establishment Substates...................................... 160
8.3.1 Page Scan Substate ................................................... 160
8.3.2 Page substate............................................................. 162
8.3.3 Page Response Substates ......................................... 165
8.4 Device Discovery Substates.................................................... 169
8.4.1 Inquiry scan substate.................................................. 170
8.4.2 Inquiry Substate.......................................................... 171
8.4.3 Inquiry Response Substate......................................... 172
8.5 Connection State ..................................................................... 174
8.6 Active Mode............................................................................. 176
8.6.1 Polling in the Active Mode........................................... 177
8.6.2 SCO ............................................................................ 177
8.6.3 eSCO .......................................................................... 178
8.6.4 Broadcast Scheme...................................................... 181
8.6.5 Role Switch................................................................. 182
8.6.6 Scatternet.................................................................... 184
8.6.7 Hop Sequence Switching............................................ 185
8.6.8 Channel Classification and Channel Map Selection ... 188
8.6.9 Power Management.................................................... 189
8.6.10 Piconet Clock Adjustment........................................... 190
8.7 Sniff Mode................................................................................ 193
8.7.1 Sniff Transition Mode .................................................. 194
8.7.2 Sniff Subrating ............................................................ 195
8.8 Hold Mode ............................................................................... 197
8.9 Park State ................................................................................ 197
8.9.1 Beacon Train............................................................... 198
8.9.2 Beacon Access Window ............................................. 200
8.9.3 Parked Slave Synchronization.................................... 201
8.9.4 Parking........................................................................ 202
8.9.5 Master-initiated Unparking.......................................... 202
8.9.6 Slave-initiated Unparking............................................ 203
8.9.7 Broadcast Scan Window............................................. 204
8.9.8 Polling in the Park State.............................................. 204
8.10 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Mode................................... 205
8.10.1 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Transmit Operation 205

02 December 2014
8.10.2 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Receive Operation . 206
8.10.3 AFH in Connectionless Slave Broadcast .................... 207
8.11 Synchronization Establishment Substates............................... 207
8.11.1 Synchronization Scan Substate.................................. 207
8.11.2 Synchronization Train Substate .................................. 207
9 Audio................................................................................................. 210
9.1 LOG PCM CODEC .................................................................. 210
9.2 CVSD CODEC......................................................................... 210
9.3 Error Handling ......................................................................... 213
9.4 General Audio Requirements .................................................. 213
9.4.1 Signal Levels............................................................... 213
9.4.2 CVSD Audio Quality.................................................... 213
Appendix A General Audio Recommendations .................................... 214
A.1 Maximum Sound Pressure .................................................... 214
A.2 Other Telephony Network Requirements .............................. 214
A.3 Audio Levels for Bluetooth .................................................... 214
A.4 Microphone Path ................................................................... 215
A.5 Loudspeaker Path ................................................................. 215
A.6 Bluetooth Voice Interface ...................................................... 215
A.7 Frequency Mask ................................................................... 216
Appendix B Timers .................................................................................. 218
B.1 List of Timers ......................................................................... 218
B.1.1 inquiryTO ................................................................... 218
B.1.2 pageTO ...................................................................... 218
B.1.3 extended_pageTO ..................................................... 218
B.1.4 pagerespTO ............................................................... 218
B.1.5 newconnectionTO ...................................................... 218
B.1.6 supervisionTO ............................................................ 219
B.1.7 CSB_supervisionTO .................................................. 219
B.1.8 synchronization_trainTO ............................................ 219
B.1.9 synchronization_scanTO ........................................... 219
B.1.10 authenticatedPayloadTO ........................................... 219
B.1.11 CLK_adj_dragTO ....................................................... 220
Appendix C Recommendations for AFH Operation in Park, Hold, Sniff
and CSB ............................................................................... 221
C.1 Operation at the Master ........................................................ 221

02 December 2014
C.2 Operation in Park .................................................................. 222
C.3 AFH Operation in Sniff .......................................................... 222
C.4 AFH Operation in Hold .......................................................... 222
C.5 AFH Operation in Connectionless Slave Broadcast ............. 223
Part C
LINK MANAGER PROTOCOL SPECIFICATION
1 Introduction...................................................................................... 229
2 General Rules................................................................................... 230
2.1 Message Transport.................................................................. 230
2.2 Synchronization ....................................................................... 230
2.3 Packet Format ......................................................................... 231
2.4 Transactions ............................................................................ 232
2.4.1 LMP Response Timeout ............................................. 234
2.5 Error Handling ......................................................................... 234
2.5.1 Transaction Collision Resolution................................. 235
2.6 Procedure Rules...................................................................... 235
2.7 General Response Messages ................................................. 236
2.8 LMP Message Constraints....................................................... 236
3 Device Features ............................................................................... 237
3.1 General Description................................................................. 237
3.2 Feature Definitions .................................................................. 237
3.3 Feature Mask Definition........................................................... 245
3.4 Link Manager Interoperability policy ........................................ 248
4 Procedure Rules .............................................................................. 249
4.1 Connection Control.................................................................. 249
4.1.1 Connection Establishment .......................................... 249
4.1.2 Detach......................................................................... 250
4.1.3 Power Control ............................................................. 251
4.1.4 Adaptive Frequency Hopping...................................... 255
4.1.5 Channel Classification ................................................ 258
4.1.6 Link Supervision.......................................................... 260
4.1.7 Channel Quality Driven Data Rate Change (CQDDR) 261
4.1.8 Quality of Service (QoS) ............................................. 262
4.1.9 Paging Scheme Parameters....................................... 263
4.1.10 Control of Multi-slot Packets ....................................... 265
4.1.11 Enhanced Data Rate................................................... 266
4.1.12 Encapsulated LMP PDUs ........................................... 267
4.1.13 Ping............................................................................. 269

02 December 2014
4.1.14 Piconet Clock Adjustment........................................... 270
4.2 Security.................................................................................... 274
4.2.1 Authentication ............................................................. 274
4.2.2 Pairing......................................................................... 277
4.2.3 Change Link Key......................................................... 280
4.2.4 Change Current Link Key Type................................... 282
4.2.5 Encryption................................................................... 284
4.2.6 Request Supported Encryption Key Size.................... 293
4.2.7 Secure Simple Pairing ................................................ 294
4.3 Informational Requests............................................................ 309
4.3.1 Timing Accuracy ......................................................... 309
4.3.2 Clock Offset ................................................................ 310
4.3.3 LMP version................................................................ 311
4.3.4 Supported Features .................................................... 312
4.3.5 Name Request............................................................ 314
4.4 Role Switch.............................................................................. 315
4.4.1 Slot Offset ................................................................... 315
4.4.2 Role Switch................................................................. 316
4.5 Modes of Operation ................................................................. 319
4.5.1 Hold Mode................................................................... 319
4.5.2 Park State ................................................................... 322
4.5.3 Sniff Mode................................................................... 329
4.6 Logical Transports ................................................................... 333
4.6.1 SCO Logical Transport ............................................... 333
4.6.2 eSCO Logical Transport ............................................. 336
4.7 Test Mode ................................................................................ 341
4.7.1 Activation and Deactivation of Test Mode................... 341
4.7.2 Control of Test Mode................................................... 342
4.7.3 Summary of Test Mode PDUs..................................... 344
5 Summary .......................................................................................... 347
5.1 PDU Summary ........................................................................ 347
5.2 Parameter Definitions .............................................................. 358
5.3 LMP Encapsulated................................................................... 369
5.4 Default Values.......................................................................... 369
Part D
ERROR CODES
1 Overview of Error Codes................................................................. 373
1.1 Usage Descriptions ................................................................. 373

02 December 2014
1.2 HCI Command Errors .............................................................. 373
1.3 List of Error Codes................................................................... 374
2 Error Code Descriptions ................................................................. 377
2.1 Unknown HCI Command (0x01).............................................. 377
2.2 Unknown Connection Identifier (0x02) .................................... 377
2.3 Hardware Failure (0x03).......................................................... 377
2.4 Page Timeout (0x04) ............................................................... 377
2.5 Authentication Failure (0x05)................................................... 377
2.6 PIN or key Missing (0x06) ....................................................... 377
2.7 Memory Capacity Exceeded (0x07)......................................... 377
2.8 Connection Timeout (0x08) ..................................................... 378
2.9 Connection Limit Exceeded (0x09).......................................... 378
2.10 Synchronous Connection Limit to a Device Exceeded (0x0A) 378
2.11 ACL Connection Already Exists (0x0B) ................................... 378
2.12 Command Disallowed (0x0C).................................................. 378
2.13 Connection Rejected due to Limited Resources (0x0D).......... 378
2.14 Connection Rejected due to Security Reasons (0x0E)............ 378
2.15 Connection Rejected due to Unacceptable BD_ADDR (0x0F) 379
2.16 Connection Accept Timeout Exceeded (0x10) ........................ 379
2.17 Unsupported Feature or Parameter Value (0x11).................... 379
2.18 Invalid HCI Command Parameters (0x12)............................... 379
2.19 Remote User Terminated Connection (0x13) .......................... 379
2.20 Remote Device Terminated Connection due to Low Resources
(0x14) ...................................................................................... 380
2.21 Remote Device Terminated Connection due to Power Off
(0x15) ...................................................................................... 380
2.22 Connection Terminated by Local Host (0x16).......................... 380
2.23 Repeated Attempts (0x17)....................................................... 380
2.24 Pairing not Allowed (0x18)....................................................... 380
2.25 Unknown LMP PDU (0x19) ..................................................... 380
2.26 Unsupported Remote Feature / Unsupported LMP Feature
(0x1A) ...................................................................................... 380
2.27 SCO Offset Rejected (0x1B).................................................... 380
2.28 SCO Interval Rejected (0x1C) ................................................. 381
2.29 SCO Air Mode Rejected (0x1D)............................................... 381
2.30 Invalid LMP Parameters / Invalid LL Parameters (0x1E)......... 381
2.31 Unspecified Error (0X1F)......................................................... 381
2.32 Unsupported LMP Parameter Value / Unsupported LL Parameter
Value (0x20)............................................................................. 381
2.33 Role Change Not Allowed (0x21) ............................................ 381
2.34 LMP Response Timeout / LL Response Timeout (0x22)......... 382
2.35 LMP Error Transaction Collision (0x23)................................... 382
2.36 LMP PDU Not Allowed (0x24) ................................................. 382

02 December 2014
2.37 Encryption Mode Not Acceptable (0x25) ................................. 382
2.38 Link Key cannot be Changed (0x26) ....................................... 382
2.39 Requested QoS Not Supported (0x27).................................... 382
2.40 Instant Passed (0x28).............................................................. 382
2.41 Pairing with Unit Key Not Supported (0x29) ............................ 382
2.42 Different Transaction Collision (0x2A) ..................................... 383
2.43 QoS Unacceptable Parameter (0x2C)..................................... 383
2.44 QoS Rejected (0x2D) .............................................................. 383
2.45 Channel Assessment Not Supported (0x2E)........................... 383
2.46 Insufficient Security (0x2F) ...................................................... 383
2.47 Parameter out of Mandatory Range (0x30) ............................. 383
2.48 Role Switch Pending (0x32) .................................................... 383
2.49 Reserved Slot Violation (0x34) ................................................ 383
2.50 Role Switch Failed (0x35)........................................................ 384
2.51 Extended Inquiry Response Too Large (0x36) ........................ 384
2.52 Simple Pairing Not Supported By Host (0x37)......................... 384
2.53 Host Busy–Pairing (0x38)........................................................ 384
2.54 Connection Rejected Due To No Suitable Channel Found
(0x39) ...................................................................................... 384
2.55 Controller Busy (0x3A) ............................................................ 384
2.56 Unacceptable Connection Parameters (0x3B) ........................ 384
2.57 Directed Advertising Timeout (0x3C)....................................... 385
2.58 Connection Terminated Due To MIC Failure (0x3D)................ 385
2.59 Connection Failed To Be Established (0x3E) .......................... 385
2.60 MAC Connection Failed (0x3F) ............................................... 385
2.61 Coarse Clock Adjustment Rejected but Will Try to Adjust Using
Clock Dragging (0x40)............................................................. 385
Part E
HOST CONTROLLER INTERFACE FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION
1 Introduction...................................................................................... 399
1.1 Lower Layers of the Bluetooth Software Stack........................ 400
2 Overview of Host Controller Transport Layer ............................... 402
2.1 Host Controller Transport Layer and AMPS ............................ 402
3 Overview of Commands and Events.............................................. 403
3.1 Generic Events ........................................................................ 404
3.2 Device Setup ........................................................................... 404
3.3 Controller Flow Control............................................................ 405
3.4 Controller Information .............................................................. 406
3.5 Controller Configuration........................................................... 408
3.6 Device Discovery..................................................................... 411
3.7 Connection Setup .................................................................... 414

02 December 2014
3.8 Remote Information ................................................................. 419
3.9 Synchronous Connections....................................................... 420
3.10 Connection State ..................................................................... 422
3.11 Piconet Structure ..................................................................... 425
3.12 Quality of Service .................................................................... 426
3.13 Physical Links.......................................................................... 428
3.14 Host Flow Control .................................................................... 430
3.15 Link Information ....................................................................... 433
3.16 Authentication and Encryption................................................. 435
3.17 Testing ..................................................................................... 443
3.18 Alphabetical List of Commands and Events ............................ 445
3.19 LE Controller Requirements .................................................... 454
3.20 Connectionless Slave Broadcast............................................. 459
4 HCI Flow Control.............................................................................. 461
4.1 Host to Controller Data Flow Control....................................... 461
4.1.1 Packet-based Data Flow Control ................................ 461
4.1.2 Data-Block-Based Data Flow Control ......................... 463
4.2 Controller to Host Data Flow Control....................................... 464
4.3 Disconnection Behavior........................................................... 464
4.4 Command Flow Control........................................................... 465
4.5 Command Error Handling........................................................ 465
5 HCI Data Formats............................................................................. 467
5.1 Introduction.............................................................................. 467
5.2 Data and Parameter Formats .................................................. 467
5.3 Handles ................................................................................... 468
5.3.1 Primary Controller Handles......................................... 468
5.3.2 AMP Controller Handles ............................................. 469
5.4 Exchange of HCI-Specific Information..................................... 470
5.4.1 HCI Command Packet ................................................ 470
5.4.2 HCI ACL Data Packets ............................................... 472
5.4.3 HCI Synchronous Data Packets ................................. 475
5.4.4 HCI Event Packet........................................................ 477
6 HCI Configuration Parameters........................................................ 478
6.1 Scan Enable ............................................................................ 478
6.2 Inquiry Scan Interval................................................................ 478
6.3 Inquiry Scan Window............................................................... 479
6.4 Inquiry Scan Type.................................................................... 479
6.5 Inquiry Mode............................................................................ 479
6.6 Page Timeout .......................................................................... 480
6.7 Connection Accept Timeout..................................................... 480
6.8 Page Scan Interval .................................................................. 481

02 December 2014
6.9 Page Scan Window ................................................................. 481
6.10 Page Scan Period Mode (Deprecated).................................... 481
6.11 Page Scan Type ...................................................................... 482
6.12 Voice Setting............................................................................ 482
6.13 PIN Type.................................................................................. 483
6.14 Link Key................................................................................... 483
6.15 Failed Contact Counter............................................................ 483
6.16 Authentication Enable.............................................................. 484
6.17 Hold Mode Activity................................................................... 484
6.18 Link Policy Settings ................................................................. 485
6.19 Flush Timeout.......................................................................... 486
6.20 Num Broadcast Retransmissions ............................................ 486
6.21 Link Supervision Timeout ........................................................ 487
6.22 Synchronous Flow Control Enable .......................................... 487
6.23 Local Name ............................................................................. 488
6.24 Extended Inquiry Response .................................................... 488
6.25 Erroneous Data Reporting....................................................... 488
6.26 Class Of Device....................................................................... 489
6.27 Supported Commands............................................................. 489
6.28 Logical Link Accept Timeout.................................................... 498
6.29 Location Domain Aware........................................................... 499
6.30 Location Domain...................................................................... 499
6.31 Location Domain Options ........................................................ 500
6.32 Location Options...................................................................... 500
6.33 Flow Control Mode .................................................................. 500
6.34 LE Supported Host .................................................................. 501
6.35 Simultaneous LE Host ............................................................. 501
6.36 Synchronization Train Interval ................................................. 501
6.37 Synchronization Train Timeout ................................................ 502
6.38 Service Data ............................................................................ 502
6.39 Secure Connections Host Support .......................................... 502
6.40 Authenticated Payload Timeout............................................... 503
6.41 Extended Page Timeout .......................................................... 503
6.42 Extended Inquiry Length.......................................................... 503
7 HCI Commands and Events............................................................ 504
7.1 Link Control Commands .......................................................... 504
7.1.1 Inquiry Command........................................................ 505
7.1.2 Inquiry Cancel Command ........................................... 507
7.1.3 Periodic Inquiry Mode Command................................ 508
7.1.4 Exit Periodic Inquiry Mode Command......................... 511
7.1.5 Create Connection Command .................................... 512

02 December 2014
7.1.6 Disconnect Command................................................. 515
7.1.7 Create Connection Cancel Command ........................ 516
7.1.8 Accept Connection Request Command...................... 518
7.1.9 Reject Connection Request Command....................... 520
7.1.10 Link Key Request Reply Command............................ 521
7.1.11 Link Key Request Negative Reply Command............. 523
7.1.12 PIN Code Request Reply Command .......................... 524
7.1.13 PIN Code Request Negative Reply Command........... 526
7.1.14 Change Connection Packet Type Command.............. 527
7.1.15 Authentication Requested Command ......................... 530
7.1.16 Set Connection Encryption Command........................ 532
7.1.17 Change Connection Link Key Command.................... 534
7.1.18 Master Link Key Command......................................... 535
7.1.19 Remote Name Request Command............................. 537
7.1.20 Remote Name Request Cancel Command................. 539
7.1.21 Read Remote Supported Features Command ........... 541
7.1.22 Read Remote Extended Features Command............. 542
7.1.23 Read Remote Version Information Command............ 544
7.1.24 Read Clock Offset Command ..................................... 545
7.1.25 Read LMP Handle Command..................................... 546
7.1.26 Setup Synchronous Connection Command................ 548
7.1.27 Accept Synchronous Connection Request Command 552
7.1.28 Reject Synchronous Connection Request Command. 556
7.1.29 IO Capability Request Reply Command ..................... 557
7.1.30 User Confirmation Request Reply Command............. 560
7.1.31 User Confirmation Request Negative Reply
Command ................................................................... 561
7.1.32 User Passkey Request Reply Command.................... 562
7.1.33 User Passkey Request Negative Reply Command .... 563
7.1.34 Remote OOB Data Request Reply Command............ 564
7.1.35 Remote OOB Data Request Negative Reply
Command ................................................................... 566
7.1.36 IO Capability Request Negative Reply Command...... 567
7.1.37 Create Physical Link Command.................................. 568
7.1.38 Accept Physical Link Command ................................. 570
7.1.39 Disconnect Physical Link Command........................... 572
7.1.40 Create Logical Link Command.................................... 574
7.1.41 Accept Logical Link Command ................................... 576

02 December 2014
7.1.42 Disconnect Logical Link Command............................. 578
7.1.43 Logical Link Cancel Command ................................... 579
7.1.44 Flow Spec Modify Command...................................... 581
7.1.45 Enhanced Setup Synchronous Connection
Command ................................................................... 583
7.1.46 Enhanced Accept Synchronous Connection Request
Command ................................................................... 593
7.1.47 Truncated Page Command......................................... 600
7.1.48 Truncated Page Cancel Command............................. 602
7.1.49 Set Connectionless Slave Broadcast Command ........ 604
7.1.50 Set Connectionless Slave Broadcast Receive
Command ................................................................... 608
7.1.51 Start Synchronization Train Command....................... 612
7.1.52 Receive Synchronization Train Command.................. 613
7.1.53 Remote OOB Extended Data Request Reply
Command ................................................................... 615
7.2 Link Policy Commands ............................................................ 617
7.2.1 Hold Mode Command................................................. 617
7.2.2 Sniff Mode Command ................................................. 620
7.2.3 Exit Sniff Mode Command .......................................... 623
7.2.4 Park State Command.................................................. 624
7.2.5 Exit Park State Command........................................... 626
7.2.6 QoS Setup Command................................................. 627
7.2.7 Role Discovery Command .......................................... 629
7.2.8 Switch Role Command ............................................... 630
7.2.9 Read Link Policy Settings Command.......................... 632
7.2.10 Write Link Policy Settings Command.......................... 634
7.2.11 Read Default Link Policy Settings Command ............. 636
7.2.12 Write Default Link Policy Settings Command ............. 637
7.2.13 Flow Specification Command ..................................... 638
7.2.14 Sniff Subrating Command.......................................... 640
7.3 Controller & Baseband Commands ......................................... 642
7.3.1 Set Event Mask Command ......................................... 642
7.3.2 Reset Command......................................................... 645
7.3.3 Set Event Filter Command.......................................... 646
7.3.4 Flush Command.......................................................... 652
7.3.5 Read PIN Type Command.......................................... 654
7.3.6 Write PIN Type Command.......................................... 655
7.3.7 Create New Unit Key Command................................. 656

02 December 2014
7.3.8 Read Stored Link Key Command ............................... 657
7.3.9 Write Stored Link Key Command................................ 658
7.3.10 Delete Stored Link Key Command.............................. 661
7.3.11 Write Local Name Command...................................... 663
7.3.12 Read Local Name Command...................................... 664
7.3.13 Read Connection Accept Timeout Command............. 665
7.3.14 Write Connection Accept Timeout Command............. 666
7.3.15 Read Page Timeout Command .................................. 667
7.3.16 Write Page Timeout Command................................... 668
7.3.17 Read Scan Enable Command .................................... 669
7.3.18 Write Scan Enable Command..................................... 670
7.3.19 Read Page Scan Activity Command........................... 671
7.3.20 Write Page Scan Activity Command........................... 673
7.3.21 Read Inquiry Scan Activity Command ........................ 674
7.3.22 Write Inquiry Scan Activity Command......................... 676
7.3.23 Read Authentication Enable Command...................... 677
7.3.24 Write Authentication Enable Command...................... 678
7.3.25 Read Class of Device Command................................ 679
7.3.26 Write Class of Device Command................................ 680
7.3.27 Read Voice Setting Command.................................... 681
7.3.28 Write Voice Setting Command.................................... 682
7.3.29 Read Automatic Flush Timeout Command................. 683
7.3.30 Write Automatic Flush Timeout Command ................. 685
7.3.31 Read Num Broadcast Retransmissions Command .... 687
7.3.32 Write Num Broadcast Retransmissions Command..... 688
7.3.33 Read Hold Mode Activity Command........................... 689
7.3.34 Write Hold Mode Activity Command ........................... 690
7.3.35 Read Transmit Power Level Command...................... 691
7.3.36 Read Synchronous Flow Control Enable Command .. 693
7.3.37 Write Synchronous Flow Control Enable Command... 694
7.3.38 Set Controller To Host Flow Control Command.......... 695
7.3.39 Host Buffer Size Command ........................................ 697
7.3.40 Host Number Of Completed Packets Command ........ 699
7.3.41 Read Link Supervision Timeout Command ................ 701
7.3.42 Write Link Supervision Timeout Command................. 703
7.3.43 Read Number Of Supported IAC Command............... 705
7.3.44 Read Current IAC LAP Command.............................. 706
7.3.45 Write Current IAC LAP Command .............................. 707

02 December 2014
7.3.46 Set AFH Host Channel Classification Command........ 709
7.3.47 Read Inquiry Scan Type Command............................ 711
7.3.48 Write Inquiry Scan Type Command............................ 712
7.3.49 Read Inquiry Mode Command.................................... 713
7.3.50 Write Inquiry Mode Command .................................... 714
7.3.51 Read Page Scan Type Command .............................. 715
7.3.52 Write Page Scan Type Command .............................. 716
7.3.53 Read AFH Channel Assessment Mode Command..... 717
7.3.54 Write AFH Channel Assessment Mode Command..... 718
7.3.55 Read Extended Inquiry Response Command............. 720
7.3.56 Write Extended Inquiry Response Command............. 721
7.3.57 Refresh Encryption Key Command............................. 722
7.3.58 Read Simple Pairing Mode Command........................ 723
7.3.59 Write Simple Pairing Mode Command........................ 724
7.3.60 Read Local OOB Data Command............................... 726
7.3.61 Read Inquiry Response Transmit Power Level
Command ................................................................... 728
7.3.62 Write Inquiry Transmit Power Level Command .......... 729
7.3.63 Send Keypress Notification Command ....................... 730
7.3.64 Read Default Erroneous Data Reporting Command... 732
7.3.65 Write Default Erroneous Data Reporting Command... 733
7.3.66 Enhanced Flush Command ........................................ 734
7.3.67 Read Logical Link Accept Timeout Command............ 736
7.3.68 Write Logical Link Accept Timeout Command............ 737
7.3.69 Set Event Mask Page 2 Command............................. 738
7.3.70 Read Location Data Command................................... 740
7.3.71 Write Location Data Command................................... 741
7.3.72 Read Flow Control Mode Command........................... 742
7.3.73 Write Flow Control Mode Command........................... 743
7.3.74 Read Enhanced Transmit Power Level Command..... 744
7.3.75 Read Best Effort Flush Timeout Command ................ 746
7.3.76 Write Best Effort Flush Timeout Command ................ 747
7.3.77 Short Range Mode Command .................................... 748
7.3.78 Read LE Host Support Command .............................. 749
7.3.79 Write LE Host Support Command............................... 750
7.3.80 Set MWS Channel Parameters Command ................. 751
7.3.81 Set External Frame Configuration Command............. 753
7.3.82 Set MWS Signaling Command ................................... 756

02 December 2014
7.3.83 Set MWS Transport Layer Command......................... 761
7.3.84 Set MWS Scan Frequency Table Command.............. 762
7.3.85 Set MWS_PATTERN Configuration Command.......... 764
7.3.86 Set Reserved LT_ADDR Command ........................... 766
7.3.87 Delete Reserved LT_ADDR Command ...................... 768
7.3.88 Set Connectionless Slave Broadcast Data Command 769
7.3.89 Read Synchronization Train Parameters Command .. 771
7.3.90 Write Synchronization Train Parameters Command... 773
7.3.91 Read Secure Connections Host Support Command .. 775
7.3.92 Write Secure Connections Host Support Command... 776
7.3.93 Read Authenticated Payload Timeout Command....... 778
7.3.94 Write Authenticated Payload Timeout Command....... 780
7.3.95 Read Local OOB Extended Data Command .............. 782
7.3.96 Read Extended Page Timeout Command .................. 784
7.3.97 Write Extended Page Timeout Command .................. 785
7.3.98 Read Extended Inquiry Length Command.................. 786
7.3.99 Write Extended Inquiry Length Command.................. 787
7.4 Informational Parameters ........................................................ 788
7.4.1 Read Local Version Information Command ................ 788
7.4.2 Read Local Supported Commands Command ........... 790
7.4.3 Read Local Supported Features Command ............... 791
7.4.4 Read Local Extended Features Command................. 792
7.4.5 Read Buffer Size Command ....................................... 794
7.4.6 Read BD_ADDR Command........................................ 796
7.4.7 Read Data Block Size Command ............................... 797
7.4.8 Read Local Supported Codecs Command ................. 799
7.5 Status Parameters ................................................................... 801
7.5.1 Read Failed Contact Counter Command.................... 801
7.5.2 Reset Failed Contact Counter Command................... 803
7.5.3 Read Link Quality Command...................................... 804
7.5.4 Read RSSI Command ................................................ 806
7.5.5 Read AFH Channel Map Command ........................... 808
7.5.6 Read Clock Command................................................ 810
7.5.7 Read Encryption Key Size Command......................... 812
7.5.8 Read Local AMP Info Command ................................ 814
7.5.9 Read Local AMP ASSOC Command.......................... 819
7.5.10 Write Remote AMP ASSOC Command...................... 822
7.5.11 Get MWS Transport Layer Configuration Command.. 824

02 December 2014
7.5.12 Set Triggered Clock Capture Command..................... 826
7.6 Testing Commands.................................................................. 829
7.6.1 Read Loopback Mode Command ............................... 829
7.6.2 Write Loopback Mode Command ............................... 831
7.6.3 Enable Device Under Test Mode Command .............. 834
7.6.4 Write Simple Pairing Debug Mode Command ............ 835
7.6.5 Enable AMP Receiver Reports Command.................. 837
7.6.6 AMP Test End Command ........................................... 838
7.6.7 AMP Test Command................................................... 839
7.6.8 Write Secure Connections Test Mode Command....... 840
7.7 Events...................................................................................... 843
7.7.1 Inquiry Complete Event............................................... 843
7.7.2 Inquiry Result Event.................................................... 844
7.7.3 Connection Complete Event ....................................... 846
7.7.4 Connection Request Event ......................................... 848
7.7.5 Disconnection Complete Event................................... 849
7.7.6 Authentication Complete Event................................... 850
7.7.7 Remote Name Request Complete Event.................... 851
7.7.8 Encryption Change Event ........................................... 852
7.7.9 Change Connection Link Key Complete Event........... 854
7.7.10 Master Link Key Complete Event................................ 855
7.7.11 Read Remote Supported Features Complete Event .. 856
7.7.12 Read Remote Version Information Complete Event... 857
7.7.13 QoS Setup Complete Event........................................ 859
7.7.14 Command Complete Event......................................... 861
7.7.15 Command Status Event.............................................. 862
7.7.16 Hardware Error Event ................................................. 864
7.7.17 Flush Occurred Event ................................................. 865
7.7.18 Role Change Event..................................................... 866
7.7.19 Number Of Completed Packets Event........................ 867
7.7.20 Mode Change Event ................................................... 869
7.7.21 Return Link Keys Event .............................................. 871
7.7.22 PIN Code Request Event............................................ 872
7.7.23 Link Key Request Event.............................................. 873
7.7.24 Link Key Notification Event ......................................... 874
7.7.25 Loopback Command Event......................................... 876
7.7.26 Data Buffer Overflow Event ........................................ 877
7.7.27 Max Slots Change Event ............................................ 878

02 December 2014
7.7.28 Read Clock Offset Complete Event ............................ 879
7.7.29 Connection Packet Type Changed Event................... 880
7.7.30 QoS Violation Event.................................................... 882
7.7.31 Page Scan Repetition Mode Change Event ............... 883
7.7.32 Flow Specification Complete Event ............................ 884
7.7.33 Inquiry Result with RSSI Event................................... 886
7.7.34 Read Remote Extended Features Complete Event.... 888
7.7.35 Synchronous Connection Complete Event ................. 890
7.7.36 Synchronous Connection Changed Event.................. 892
7.7.37 Sniff Subrating Event .................................................. 894
7.7.38 Extended Inquiry Result Event.................................... 896
7.7.39 Encryption Key Refresh Complete Event.................... 899
7.7.40 IO Capability Request Event....................................... 900
7.7.41 IO Capability Response Event.................................... 901
7.7.42 User Confirmation Request Event .............................. 903
7.7.43 User Passkey Request Event ..................................... 904
7.7.44 Remote OOB Data Request Event ............................. 905
7.7.45 Simple Pairing Complete Event .................................. 906
7.7.46 Link Supervision Timeout Changed Event.................. 907
7.7.47 Enhanced Flush Complete Event ............................... 908
7.7.48 User Passkey Notification Event................................. 909
7.7.49 Keypress Notification Event........................................ 910
7.7.50 Remote Host Supported Features Notification Event . 911
7.7.51 Physical Link Complete Event .................................... 912
7.7.52 Channel Selected Event ............................................. 913
7.7.53 Disconnection Physical Link Complete Event............. 914
7.7.54 Physical Link Loss Early Warning Event..................... 915
7.7.55 Physical Link Recovery Event..................................... 916
7.7.56 Logical Link Complete Event ...................................... 917
7.7.57 Disconnection Logical Link Complete Event............... 918
7.7.58 Flow Spec Modify Complete Event............................. 919
7.7.59 Number Of Completed Data Blocks Event.................. 920
7.7.60 Short Range Mode Change Complete Event.............. 922
7.7.61 AMP Status Change Event ......................................... 923
7.7.62 AMP Start Test Event ................................................. 925
7.7.63 AMP Test End Event................................................... 926
7.7.64 AMP Receiver Report Event....................................... 927
7.7.65 LE Meta Event ............................................................ 929

02 December 2014
7.7.66 Triggered Clock Capture Event................................... 950
7.7.67 Synchronization Train Complete Event....................... 951
7.7.68 Synchronization Train Received Event....................... 952
7.7.69 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Receive Event........ 954
7.7.70 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Timeout Event........ 956
7.7.71 Truncated Page Complete Event................................ 957
7.7.72 Slave Page Response Timeout Event ........................ 958
7.7.73 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Channel Map Change
Event........................................................................... 959
7.7.74 Inquiry Response Notification Event........................... 960
7.7.75 Authenticated Payload Timeout Expired Event........... 961
7.8 LE Controller Commands ........................................................ 962
7.8.1 LE Set Event Mask Command.................................... 962
7.8.2 LE Read Buffer Size Command.................................. 964
7.8.3 LE Read Local Supported Features Command.......... 966
7.8.4 LE Set Random Address Command........................... 967
7.8.5 LE Set Advertising Parameters Command ................. 968
7.8.6 LE Read Advertising Channel Tx Power Command... 972
7.8.7 LE Set Advertising Data Command ............................ 973
7.8.8 LE Set Scan Response Data Command..................... 974
7.8.9 LE Set Advertise Enable Command ........................... 975
7.8.10 LE Set Scan Parameters Command........................... 977
7.8.11 LE Set Scan Enable Command .................................. 980
7.8.12 LE Create Connection Command............................... 982
7.8.13 LE Create Connection Cancel Command................... 987
7.8.14 LE Read White List Size Command............................ 988
7.8.15 LE Clear White List Command.................................... 989
7.8.16 LE Add Device To White List Command..................... 990
7.8.17 LE Remove Device From White List Command ......... 992
7.8.18 LE Connection Update Command .............................. 993
7.8.19 LE Set Host Channel Classification Command........... 996
7.8.20 LE Read Channel Map Command.............................. 997
7.8.21 LE Read Remote Used Features Command .............. 999
7.8.22 LE Encrypt Command............................................... 1000
7.8.23 LE Rand Command .................................................. 1002
7.8.24 LE Start Encryption Command ................................. 1003
7.8.25 LE Long Term Key Request Reply Command.......... 1005

02 December 2014
7.8.26 LE Long Term Key Request Negative Reply
Command .................................................................1007
7.8.27 LE Read Supported States Command...................... 1008
7.8.28 LE Receiver Test Command.....................................1012
7.8.29 LE Transmitter Test Command................................. 1013
7.8.30 LE Test End Command............................................. 1015
7.8.31 LE Remote Connection Parameter Request Reply
Command .................................................................1016
7.8.32 LE Remote Connection Parameter Request Negative
Reply Command ....................................................... 1019
7.8.33 LE Set Data Length Command................................. 1021
7.8.34 LE Read Suggested Default Data Length Command1023
7.8.35 LE Write Suggested Default Data Length Command1025
7.8.36 LE Read Local P-256 Public Key Command ............ 1027
7.8.37 LE Generate DHKey Command................................1028
7.8.38 LE Add Device to Resolving List Command ............. 1029
7.8.39 LE Remove Device From Resolving List Command. 1031
7.8.40 LE Clear Resolving List Command........................... 1033
7.8.41 LE Read Resolving List Size Command................... 1034
7.8.42 LE Read Peer Resolvable Address Command.........1035
7.8.43 LE Read Local Resolvable Address Command........ 1037
7.8.44 LE Set Address Resolution Enable Command .........1039
7.8.45 LE Set Resolvable Private Address Timeout
Command .................................................................1040
7.8.46 LE Read Maximum Data Length Command ............. 1041
Appendix A Deprecated Commands, Events and Configuration
Parameters ........................................................................1043
A.1 Read Page Scan Mode Command .....................................1044
A.2 Write Page Scan Mode Command .....................................1045
A.3 Read Page Scan Period Mode Command .......................... 1046
A.4 Write Page Scan Period Mode Command .......................... 1047
A.5 Add SCO Connection Command ........................................ 1048
A.6 Page Scan Mode Change Event ......................................... 1050
A.7 Read Country Code Command ........................................... 1051
A.8 Read Encryption Mode Command ...................................... 1052
A.9 Write Encryption Mode Command ...................................... 1053
A.10 Deprecated Parameters ...................................................... 1054
A.10.1 Encryption Mode ...................................................... 1054
A.10.2 Page Scan Mode .....................................................1054

02 December 2014
Part F
MESSAGE SEQUENCE CHARTS
1 Introduction....................................................................................1061
1.1 Notation .................................................................................1061
1.2 Flow of Control ......................................................................1062
1.3 Example MSC........................................................................1062
2 Services Without Connection Request........................................ 1063
2.1 Remote Name Request ......................................................... 1063
2.2 One-time Inquiry .................................................................... 1065
2.3 Periodic Inquiry......................................................................1067
3 ACL Connection Establishment and Detachment ...................... 1069
3.1 Connection Setup .................................................................. 1070
4 Optional Activities After ACL Connection Establishment .........1078
4.1 Authentication Requested .....................................................1078
4.2 Simple Pairing Message Sequence Charts ........................... 1080
4.2.1 Optional OOB Information Collection........................ 1081
4.2.2 Enable Simple Pairing and Secure Connections ...... 1082
4.2.3 Connection Establishment ........................................ 1083
4.2.4 L2CAP Connection Request for a Secure Service ... 1084
4.2.5 Optional OOB Information Transfer .......................... 1084
4.2.6 Start Simple Pairing .................................................. 1085
4.2.7 IO Capability Exchange ............................................1086
4.2.8 Public Key Exchange................................................ 1087
4.2.9 Authentication ........................................................... 1087
4.2.10 Numeric Comparison ................................................ 1088
4.2.11 Numeric Comparison Failure on Initiating Side.........1089
4.2.12 Numeric Comparison Failure on Responding Side... 1090
4.2.13 Passkey Entry........................................................... 1091
4.2.14 Passkey Entry Failure on Responding Side.............. 1092
4.2.15 Passkey Entry Failure on Initiator Side.....................1093
4.2.16 Out of Band...............................................................1094
4.2.17 OOB Failure on Initiator Side.................................... 1096
4.2.18 DHKey Checks..........................................................1097
4.2.19 Calculate Link Key .................................................... 1098
4.2.20 Enable Encryption.....................................................1099
4.2.21 L2CAP Connection Response .................................. 1099
4.2.22 LMP Ping .................................................................. 1100
4.3 Link Supervision Timeout Changed Event............................. 1102
4.4 Set Connection Encryption .................................................... 1103

02 December 2014
4.5 Change Connection Link Key ................................................ 1105
4.6 Change Connection Link Key with Encryption Pause and
Resume ................................................................................. 1106
4.7 Master Link Key..................................................................... 1107
4.8 Read Remote Supported Features........................................ 1109
4.9 Read Remote Extended Features ..........................................1110
4.10 Read Clock Offset...................................................................1111
4.11 Role Switch on an Encrypted Link using Encryption Pause and
Resume ..................................................................................1112
4.12 Refreshing Encryption Keys ...................................................1113
4.13 Read Remote Version Information .........................................1115
4.14 QOS Setup .............................................................................1116
4.15 Switch Role.............................................................................1117
4.16 AMP Physical Link Creation and Disconnect..........................1119
4.16.1 Physical Link Establishment ..................................... 1120
4.16.2 Logical Link Creation ................................................ 1126
4.17 AMP Test Mode Sequence Charts......................................... 1128
4.17.1 Discover the AMP Present and Running Transmitter and
Receiver Tests .......................................................... 1129
5 Synchronous Connection Establishment and Detachment....... 1132
5.1 Synchronous Connection Setup ............................................ 1132
5.2 Synchronous Connection Setup with Enhanced Synchronous
Commands ............................................................................ 1140
6 Sniff, Hold and Park....................................................................... 1146
6.1 Sniff Mode.............................................................................. 1146
6.2 Hold Mode ............................................................................. 1147
6.3 Park State .............................................................................. 1150
7 Buffer Management, Flow Control ............................................... 1154
8 Loopback Mode ............................................................................. 1156
8.1 Local Loopback Mode ........................................................... 1156
8.2 Remote Loopback Mode ....................................................... 1159
9 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Services ................................. 1161
Part G
SAMPLE DATA
1 Encryption Sample Data................................................................ 1168
1.1 E0 Encryption Sample Data................................................... 1168
1.1.1 Generating Kc' from Kc............................................. 1168
1.1.2 First Set of Sample Data........................................... 1171
1.1.3 Second Set of Sample Data...................................... 1179

02 December 2014
1.1.4 Third Set of Samples ................................................ 1187
1.1.5 Fourth Set of Samples .............................................. 1195
1.2 AES-CCM ENCRYPTION SAMPLE DATA............................1203
1.2.1 Sample Data 1 (DM1, M --> S) ................................. 1203
1.2.2 Sample Data 2 (DM1, M --> S) ................................. 1204
1.2.3 Sample Data 3 (DM1, S --> M) ................................. 1205
1.2.4 Sample Data 4 (DM1, M --> S) ................................. 1205
1.2.5 Sample Data 5 (DM1, S --> M) ................................. 1206
1.2.6 Sample Data 6 (DH1, M --> S).................................. 1207
1.2.7 Sample Data 7 (DH1, S --> M).................................. 1208
1.2.8 Sample Data 8 (DH1, M --> S).................................. 1209
1.2.9 Sample Data 9 (DH1, S --> M).................................. 1210
1.2.10 Sample Data 10 (2-DH3, M --> S) ............................ 1211
1.2.11 Sample Data 11 (2-DH3, S --> M)............................. 1214
1.2.12 Sample Data 12 (3-DH5, M --> S) ............................1217
1.2.13 Sample Data 13 (3-DH5, S --> M) ............................1224
1.2.14 Sample Data 14 (EV3)..............................................1231
2 Frequency Hopping Sample Data.................................................1232
2.1 First set.................................................................................. 1233
2.2 Second set.............................................................................1239
2.3 Third set.................................................................................1245
3 Access Code Sample Data............................................................1251
4 HEC and Packet Header Sample Data..........................................1254
5 CRC Sample Data........................................................................... 1255
6 Complete Sample Packets ............................................................1256
6.1 Example of DH1 Packet ........................................................1256
6.2 Example of DM1 Packet ........................................................1257
7 Simple Pairing Sample Data ......................................................... 1258
7.1 Elliptic Curve Sample Data.................................................... 1258
7.1.1 P-192 Sample Data...................................................1258
7.1.2 P-256 Sample Data...................................................1260
7.2 Hash Functions Sample Data................................................ 1261
7.2.1 f1().............................................................................1261
7.2.2 g().............................................................................. 1263
7.2.3 f2().............................................................................1263
7.2.4 f3().............................................................................1264
7.2.5 h2()............................................................................ 1271
7.2.6 h4()............................................................................ 1272

02 December 2014
7.2.7 h5()............................................................................ 1272
7.2.8 h3()............................................................................ 1272
8 Whitening Sequence Sample Data............................................... 1273
9 FEC Sample Data ........................................................................... 1276
10 Encryption Key Sample Data........................................................1277
10.1 Four Tests of E1..................................................................... 1277
10.2 Four Tests of E21...................................................................1282
10.3 Three Tests of E22.................................................................1284
10.4 Tests of E22 With Pin Augmenting ........................................ 1286
10.5 Four Tests of E3..................................................................... 1296
11 Connectionless Slave Broadcast Sample Data........................... 1301
Part H
SECURITY SPECIFICATION
1 Security Overview..........................................................................1306
1.1 Pausing Encryption and Role Switch.....................................1307
1.2 Change Connection Link Keys ..............................................1308
1.3 Periodically Refreshing Encryption Keys............................... 1308
2 Random Number Generation........................................................1309
3 Key Management ........................................................................... 1310
3.1 Key Types.............................................................................. 1310
3.2 Key Generation and Initialization........................................... 1312
3.2.1 Generation of initialization key, ................................1313
3.2.2 Authentication ........................................................... 1313
3.2.3 Generation of a unit key............................................1313
3.2.4 Generation of a combination key ..............................1314
3.2.5 Generating the encryption key.................................. 1315
3.2.6 Point-to-multipoint configuration ............................... 1316
3.2.7 Modifying the link keys..............................................1316
3.2.8 Generating a master key........................................... 1317
4 Encryption (E0) .............................................................................. 1319
4.1 Encryption Key Size Negotiation ........................................... 1320
4.2 Encryption of Broadcast Messages .......................................1320
4.3 Encryption Concept ...............................................................1321
4.4 Encryption Algorithm ............................................................. 1322
4.4.1 The operation of the cipher.......................................1324
4.5 LFSR Initialization.................................................................. 1325
4.6 Key Stream Sequence........................................................... 1328

02 December 2014
5 Authentication................................................................................ 1329
5.1 Repeated Attempts................................................................ 1332
6 The Authentication And Key-Generating Functions ..................1333
6.1 The Authentication Function E1 ............................................1333
6.2 The Functions Ar and A’r ....................................................... 1335
6.2.1 The round computations ........................................... 1335
6.2.2 The substitution boxes “e” and “l” ............................. 1335
6.2.3 Key scheduling..........................................................1336
6.3 E2-Key Generation Function for Authentication .................... 1337
6.4 E3-Key Generation Function for Encryption .......................... 1339
7 Secure Simple Pairing...................................................................1340
7.1 Phase 1: Public Key Exchange ............................................. 1342
7.2 Phase 2: Authentication Stage 1............................................1342
7.2.1 Authentication Stage 1: Numeric Comparison
Protocol..................................................................... 1343
7.2.2 Authentication Stage 1: Out of Band Protocol...........1344
7.2.3 Authentication Stage 1: Passkey Entry Protocol....... 1346
7.3 Phase 3: Authentication Stage 2............................................1348
7.4 Phase 4: Link Key Calculation............................................... 1349
7.5 Phase 5: LMP Authentication and Encryption .......................1349
7.6 Elliptic Curve Definition..........................................................1349
7.7 Cryptographic Function Definitions........................................ 1351
7.7.1 The Simple Pairing Commitment Function f1 ...........1351
7.7.2 The Simple Pairing Numeric Verification Function g. 1352
7.7.3 The Simple Pairing Key Derivation Function f2 ........ 1353
7.7.4 The Simple Pairing Check Function f3...................... 1354
7.7.5 The Simple Pairing AMP Key Derivation
Function h2 ...............................................................1355
7.7.6 The AES Encryption Key Generation
Function h3 ...............................................................1357
7.7.7 The Device Authentication Key Generation
Function h4 ...............................................................1358
7.7.8 The Device Authentication Confirmation
Function h5 ...............................................................1359
8 AMP Security.................................................................................. 1360
8.1 Creation of the Initial Generic AMP Link Key.........................1360
8.2 Creation of Dedicated AMP Link Keys .................................. 1360
8.3 Debug Considerations ........................................................... 1362

02 December 2014
9 AES-CCM Encryption for BR/EDR................................................ 1363
9.1 Nonce Formats ......................................................................1363
9.2 Counter Mode Blocks ............................................................1365
9.3 Encryption Blocks .................................................................. 1367
9.4 Encryption Key Size Reduction ............................................. 1367
9.5 Repeated MIC Failures..........................................................1367
LIST OF FIGURES (ALL PARTS) ............................................................. 1368
LIST OF TABLES (ALL PARTS) .............................................................. 1379

02 December 2014
Core System Package
[Host volume]
Part A
LOGICAL LINK CONTROL AND ADAPTATION PROTOCOL
SPECIFICATION
1 Introduction........................................................................................ 29
1.1 L2CAP Features ........................................................................ 29
1.2 Assumptions .............................................................................. 32
1.3 Scope ........................................................................................ 33
1.4 Terminology ............................................................................... 33
2 General Operation ............................................................................. 37
2.1 Channel Identifiers..................................................................... 37
2.2 Operation Between Devices ...................................................... 40
2.3 Operation Between Layers ........................................................ 41
2.4 Modes of Operation ................................................................... 42
2.5 Mapping Channels to Logical Links........................................... 44
3 Data Packet Format ........................................................................... 45
3.1 Connection-oriented Channels in Basic L2CAP Mode .............. 45
3.2 Connectionless Data Channel in Basic L2CAP Mode ............... 46
3.3 Connection-oriented Channel in Retransmission/Flow Control/
Streaming Modes....................................................................... 47
3.3.1 L2CAP header fields..................................................... 48
3.3.2 Control field (2 or 4 octets)............................................ 49
3.3.3 L2CAP SDU Length Field (2 octets) ............................. 51
3.3.4 Information Payload Field ............................................. 52
3.3.5 Frame Check Sequence (2 octets) ............................... 52
3.3.6 Invalid Frame Detection................................................ 53
3.3.7 Invalid Frame Detection Algorithm................................ 53
3.4 Connection-Oriented Channels in LE Credit Based Flow Control
Mode.......................................................................................... 55
3.4.1 L2CAP Header Fields ................................................... 55
3.4.2 L2CAP SDU Length Field (2 octets) ............................. 55
3.4.3 Information Payload Field ............................................. 55
4 Signaling Packet Formats................................................................. 57
4.1 Command Reject (code 0x01)................................................... 60
4.2 Connection Request (code 0x02) .............................................. 61
4.3 Connection Response (code 0x03) ........................................... 63
4.4 Configuration Request (code 0x04)........................................... 65

02 December 2014
4.5 Configuration Response (code 0x05) ........................................ 67
4.6 Disconnection Request (code 0x06).......................................... 69
4.7 Disconnection Response (code 0x07)....................................... 70
4.8 Echo Request (code 0x08) ........................................................ 70
4.9 Echo Response (code 0x09) ..................................................... 71
4.10 Information Request (code 0x0A).............................................. 71
4.11 Information Response (code 0x0B) ........................................... 72
4.12 Extended Feature Mask ............................................................ 74
4.13 Fixed Channels Supported ........................................................ 75
4.14 Create Channel Request (code 0x0C) ...................................... 76
4.15 Create Channel Response (code 0x0D).................................... 77
4.16 Move Channel Request (code 0x0E)......................................... 78
4.17 Move Channel Response (code 0x0F) ...................................... 80
4.18 Move Channel Confirmation (code 0x10) .................................. 81
4.19 Move Channel Confirmation Response (code 0x11) ................. 82
4.20 Connection Parameter Update Request (code 0x12)................ 82
4.21 Connection Parameter Update Response (code 0x13)............. 84
4.22 LE Credit Based Connection Request (Code 0x14) .................. 85
4.23 LE Credit Based Connection Response (Code 0x15) ............... 86
4.24 LE Flow Control Credit (Code 0x16).......................................... 88
5 Configuration Parameter Options .................................................... 89
5.1 Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) .......................................... 89
5.2 Flush Timeout Option ................................................................ 91
5.3 Quality of Service (QoS) Option ................................................ 92
5.4 Retransmission and Flow Control Option .................................. 96
5.5 Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Option.................................... 101
5.6 Extended Flow Specification Option ........................................ 102
5.7 Extended Window Size Option ................................................ 108
6 State Machine................................................................................... 110
6.1 General rules for the state machine:........................................ 110
6.1.1 CLOSED state ........................................................... 112
6.1.2 WAIT_CONNECT_RSP state .................................... 113
6.1.3 WAIT_CONNECT state .............................................. 114
6.1.4 CONFIG state ............................................................. 114
6.1.5 OPEN state ................................................................ 120
6.1.6 WAIT_DISCONNECT state ........................................ 121
6.1.7 WAIT_CREATE_RSP state ........................................ 122
6.1.8 WAIT_CREATE state.................................................. 122
6.1.9 WAIT_MOVE_RSP state ............................................ 123
6.1.10 WAIT_MOVE state...................................................... 124
6.1.11 WAIT_MOVE_CONFIRM state................................... 124

02 December 2014
6.1.12 WAIT_CONFIRM_RSP state ...................................... 125
6.2 Timers events .......................................................................... 126
6.2.1 RTX............................................................................. 126
6.2.2 ERTX .......................................................................... 127
7 General Procedures......................................................................... 131
7.1 Configuration Process ............................................................. 131
7.1.1 Request Path .............................................................. 132
7.1.2 Response Path ........................................................... 133
7.1.3 Lockstep Configuration Process ................................. 133
7.1.4 Standard Configuration Process ................................. 136
7.2 Fragmentation and Recombination.......................................... 138
7.2.1 Fragmentation of L2CAP PDUs.................................. 138
7.2.2 Recombination of L2CAP PDUs ................................. 139
7.3 Encapsulation of SDUs............................................................ 140
7.3.1 Segmentation of L2CAP SDUs................................... 140
7.3.2 Reassembly of L2CAP SDUs ..................................... 141
7.3.3 Segmentation and fragmentation................................ 141
7.4 Delivery of Erroneous L2CAP SDUs ....................................... 142
7.5 Operation with Flushing On ACL-U Logical Links.................... 142
7.6 Connectionless Data Channel ................................................. 143
7.7 Operation Collision Resolution ................................................ 145
7.8 Aggregating Best Effort Extended Flow Specifications............ 145
7.9 Prioritizing Data over HCI ........................................................ 147
7.10 Supporting Extended Flow Specification for BR/EDR and BR/
EDR/LE Controllers ................................................................. 147
8 Procedures for Flow Control and Retransmission....................... 149
8.1 Information Retrieval ............................................................... 149
8.2 Function of PDU Types for Flow Control and Retransmission. 149
8.2.1 Information frame (I-frame)......................................... 149
8.2.2 Supervisory Frame (S-frame) ..................................... 149
8.3 Variables and Sequence Numbers .......................................... 150
8.3.1 Sending peer............................................................... 151
8.3.2 Receiving peer............................................................ 152
8.4 Retransmission Mode.............................................................. 154
8.4.1 Transmitting frames .................................................... 154
8.4.2 Receiving I-frames...................................................... 156
8.4.3 I-frames pulled by the SDU reassembly function........ 157
8.4.4 Sending and receiving acknowledgements................. 157
8.4.5 Receiving REJ frames ................................................ 158

02 December 2014
8.4.6 Waiting acknowledgements ........................................ 159
8.4.7 Exception conditions................................................... 159
8.5 Flow Control Mode .................................................................. 161
8.5.1 Transmitting I-frames .................................................. 161
8.5.3 I-frames pulled by the SDU reassembly function........ 162
8.5.4 Sending and receiving acknowledgements................. 162
8.5.5 Waiting acknowledgements ........................................ 163
8.5.6 Exception conditions................................................... 164
8.6 Enhanced Retransmission Mode............................................. 165
8.6.1 Function Of PDU Types .............................................. 165
8.6.2 Rules For Timers ........................................................ 167
8.6.3 General Rules for the State Machine.......................... 169
8.6.4 State Diagram ............................................................. 171
8.6.5 States Tables............................................................... 171
8.7 Streaming Mode ...................................................................... 197
8.7.1 Transmitting I-frames .................................................. 197
8.7.3 Exception Conditions .................................................. 198
9 Procedure for AMP Channel Creation and Handling.................... 199
9.1 Create Channel ....................................................................... 199
9.2 Move Channel ......................................................................... 202
9.2.1 Move Channel Protocol Procedure with Enhanced
Retransmission Mode ................................................. 203
9.2.2 Move Channel Protocol Procedure with Streaming Mode
(Initiator is Data Source) ............................................. 206
9.2.3 Move Channel Protocol Procedure with Streaming Mode
(Initiator is Data Sink).................................................. 207
9.3 Disconnect Channel ................................................................ 210
10 Procedures for Credit Based Flow Control ................................... 211
10.1 LE Credit Based Flow Control Mode ....................................... 211
Appendix A Configuration MSCs .......................................................... 212
Part B
SERVICE DISCOVERY PROTOCOL (SDP) SPECIFICATION
1 Introduction...................................................................................... 219
1.2 Motivation ................................................................................ 219
1.3 Requirements .......................................................................... 219

02 December 2014
1.4 Non-requirements and Deferred Requirements....................... 220
1.5 Conventions............................................................................. 221
1.5.1 Bit And Byte Ordering Conventions ............................ 221
2 Overview........................................................................................... 222
2.1 SDP Client-Server Architecture ............................................... 222
2.2 Service Record ........................................................................ 223
2.3 Service Attribute ...................................................................... 225
2.3.1 Attribute ID.................................................................. 225
2.3.2 Attribute Value............................................................. 226
2.4 Service Class........................................................................... 226
2.4.1 A Printer Service Class Example................................ 227
2.5 Searching for Services ............................................................ 227
2.5.1 UUID ........................................................................... 227
2.5.2 Service Search Patterns ............................................. 228
2.6 Browsing for Services.............................................................. 228
2.6.1 Example Service Browsing Hierarchy......................... 229
3 Data Representation ........................................................................ 231
3.1 Data Element........................................................................... 231
3.2 Data Element Type Descriptor................................................. 231
3.3 Data Element Size Descriptor.................................................. 232
3.4 Data Element Examples .......................................................... 233
4 Protocol Description ....................................................................... 234
4.1 Transfer Byte Order................................................................. 234
4.2 Protocol Data Unit Format ....................................................... 234
4.3 Partial Responses and Continuation State .............................. 236
4.4 Error Handling ......................................................................... 236
4.4.1 SDP_ErrorResponse PDU.......................................... 237
4.5 ServiceSearch Transaction...................................................... 238
4.5.1 SDP_ServiceSearchRequest PDU ............................. 238
4.5.2 SDP_ServiceSearchResponse PDU .......................... 239
4.6 ServiceAttribute Transaction.................................................... 241
4.6.1 SDP_ServiceAttributeRequest PDU ........................... 241
4.6.2 SDP_ServiceAttributeResponse PDU ........................ 243
4.7 ServiceSearchAttribute Transaction ........................................ 244
4.7.1 SDP_ServiceSearchAttributeRequest PDU................ 244
4.7.2 SDP_ServiceSearchAttributeResponse PDU............. 246
5 Service Attribute Definitions........................................................... 248
5.1 Universal Attribute Definitions ................................................. 248
5.1.1 ServiceRecordHandle Attribute................................... 248

02 December 2014
5.1.2 ServiceClassIDList Attribute ....................................... 249
5.1.3 ServiceRecordState Attribute...................................... 249
5.1.4 ServiceID Attribute...................................................... 249
5.1.5 ProtocolDescriptorList Attribute .................................. 250
5.1.6 AdditionalProtocolDescriptorList Attribute................... 251
5.1.7 BrowseGroupList Attribute.......................................... 252
5.1.8 LanguageBaseAttributeIDList Attribute....................... 252
5.1.9 ServiceInfoTimeToLive Attribute ................................. 253
5.1.10 ServiceAvailability Attribute......................................... 254
5.1.11 BluetoothProfileDescriptorList Attribute ...................... 254
5.1.12 DocumentationURL Attribute ...................................... 255
5.1.13 ClientExecutableURL Attribute ................................... 255
5.1.14 IconURL Attribute........................................................ 256
5.1.15 ServiceName Attribute................................................ 256
5.1.16 ServiceDescription Attribute........................................ 257
5.1.17 ProviderName Attribute............................................... 257
5.1.18 Reserved Universal Attribute IDs................................ 257
5.2 ServiceDiscoveryServer Service Class Attribute Definitions ... 258
5.2.1 ServiceRecordHandle Attribute................................... 258
5.2.3 VersionNumberList Attribute ....................................... 258
5.2.4 ServiceDatabaseState Attribute.................................. 259
5.2.5 Reserved Attribute IDs................................................ 259
5.3 BrowseGroupDescriptor Service Class Attribute Definitions ... 260
5.3.2 GroupID Attribute........................................................ 260
5.3.3 Reserved Attribute IDs................................................ 260
6 Security............................................................................................. 261
Appendix A Background Information .................................................... 262
A.1 Service Discovery ................................................................. 262
A.2 Bluetooth Service Discovery ................................................. 262
Appendix B Example SDP Transactions ................................................ 263
B.1 SDP Example 1 – ServiceSearchRequest ............................ 263
B.2 SDP Example 2 – ServiceAttributeTransaction ..................... 265
B.3 SDP Example 3 – ServiceSearchAttributeTransaction ......... 267

02 December 2014
Part C
GENERIC ACCESS PROFILE
1 Introduction...................................................................................... 286
1.1 Scope ...................................................................................... 286
1.2 Symbols and Conventions....................................................... 287
1.2.1 Requirement Status Symbols...................................... 287
1.2.2 Signaling diagram conventions................................... 288
1.2.3 Notation for Timers and Counters............................... 288
2 Profile Overview............................................................................... 289
2.1 Profile Stack............................................................................. 289
2.2 Profile Roles ............................................................................ 289
2.2.1 Roles when Operating over BR/EDR Physical
Transport..................................................................... 289
2.2.2 Roles when Operating over an LE Physical Transport290
2.3 User Requirements and Scenarios.......................................... 293
2.4 Profile Fundamentals............................................................... 293
2.5 Conformance ........................................................................... 293
3 User Interface Aspects.................................................................... 294
3.1 The User Interface Level ......................................................... 294
3.2 Representation of Bluetooth Parameters................................. 294
3.2.1 Bluetooth Device Address (BD_ADDR)...................... 294
3.2.2 Bluetooth Device Name (the user-friendly name)....... 295
3.2.3 Bluetooth Passkey (Bluetooth PIN)............................. 296
3.2.4 Class of Device........................................................... 297
3.2.5 Appearance Characteristic.......................................... 298
3.3 Pairing ..................................................................................... 299
4 Modes – BR/EDR Physical Transport............................................. 300
4.1 Discoverability Modes.............................................................. 300
4.1.1 Non-discoverable Mode.............................................. 301
4.1.2 Limited Discoverable Mode......................................... 301
4.1.3 General Discoverable Mode ....................................... 303
4.2 Connectability Modes .............................................................. 304
4.2.1 Non-connectable Mode............................................... 304
4.2.2 Connectable Mode...................................................... 304
4.3 Bondable Modes...................................................................... 306
4.3.1 Non-bondable Mode ................................................... 306
4.3.2 Bondable Mode........................................................... 306
4.4 Synchronizability Modes.......................................................... 307
4.4.1 Non-synchronizable Mode .......................................... 307

02 December 2014
4.4.2 Synchronizable Mode ................................................. 307
5 Security Aspects – BR/EDR Physical Transport........................... 308
5.1 Authentication.......................................................................... 308
5.1.1 Purpose....................................................................... 308
5.1.2 Term on UI level.......................................................... 308
5.1.3 Procedure ................................................................... 309
5.1.4 Conditions................................................................... 309
5.2 Security Modes........................................................................ 310
5.2.1 Legacy Security Modes............................................... 311
5.2.2 Security Mode 4 (service level enforced security) ..... 312
6 Idle Mode Procedures – BR/EDR Physical Transport................... 328
6.1 General Inquiry ........................................................................ 328
6.1.1 Purpose....................................................................... 328
6.1.2 Term on UI level.......................................................... 328
6.1.3 Description.................................................................. 329
6.1.4 Conditions................................................................... 329
6.2 Limited Inquiry ......................................................................... 329
6.2.1 Purpose....................................................................... 329
6.2.2 Term on UI level.......................................................... 330
6.2.3 Description.................................................................. 330
6.2.4 Conditions................................................................... 330
6.3 Name Discovery ...................................................................... 331
6.3.1 Purpose....................................................................... 331
6.3.2 Term on UI level.......................................................... 331
6.3.3 Description.................................................................. 331
6.3.4 Conditions................................................................... 332
6.4 Device Discovery..................................................................... 332
6.4.1 Purpose....................................................................... 332
6.4.2 Term on UI Level......................................................... 332
6.4.3 Description.................................................................. 333
6.4.4 Conditions................................................................... 333
6.5 Bonding ................................................................................... 334
6.5.1 Purpose....................................................................... 334
6.5.2 Term on UI level.......................................................... 334
6.5.3 Description.................................................................. 334
6.5.4 Conditions................................................................... 336
7 Establishment Procedures – BR/EDR Physical Transport........... 337
7.1 Link Establishment................................................................... 337

02 December 2014
7.1.1 Purpose....................................................................... 337
7.1.2 Term on UI Level......................................................... 337
7.1.3 Description.................................................................. 338
7.1.4 Conditions................................................................... 339
7.2 Channel Establishment............................................................ 340
7.2.1 Purpose....................................................................... 340
7.2.2 Term on UI level.......................................................... 340
7.2.3 Description.................................................................. 340
7.2.4 Conditions................................................................... 341
7.3 Connection Establishment....................................................... 342
7.3.1 Purpose....................................................................... 342
7.3.2 Term on UI level.......................................................... 342
7.3.3 Description.................................................................. 342
7.3.4 Conditions................................................................... 343
7.4 Establishment of Additional Connection .................................. 343
7.5 Synchronization Establishment................................................ 344
7.5.1 Purpose....................................................................... 344
7.5.2 Term on UI Level......................................................... 344
7.5.3 Description.................................................................. 344
7.5.4 Conditions................................................................... 344
8 Extended Inquiry Response Data Format...................................... 346
9 Operational Modes and Procedures – LE Physical Transport..... 348
9.1 Broadcast Mode and Observation Procedure ......................... 348
9.1.1 Broadcast Mode.......................................................... 348
9.1.2 Observation Procedure............................................... 349
9.2 Discovery Modes and Procedures........................................... 349
9.2.1 Requirements.............................................................. 350
9.2.2 Non-Discoverable Mode ............................................. 350
9.2.3 Limited Discoverable Mode......................................... 351
9.2.4 General Discoverable Mode ....................................... 352
9.2.5 Limited Discovery Procedure...................................... 354
9.2.6 General Discovery Procedure..................................... 355
9.2.7 Name Discovery Procedure........................................ 356
9.3 Connection Modes and Procedures ........................................ 357
9.3.1 Requirements.............................................................. 357
9.3.2 Non-Connectable Mode.............................................. 358
9.3.3 Directed Connectable Mode ....................................... 358
9.3.4 Undirected Connectable Mode ................................... 359

02 December 2014
9.3.5 Auto Connection Establishment Procedure ................ 359
9.3.6 General Connection Establishment Procedure........... 360
9.3.7 Selective Connection Establishment Procedure......... 362
9.3.8 Direct Connection Establishment Procedure .............. 364
9.3.9 Connection Parameter Update Procedure.................. 365
9.3.10 Terminate Connection Procedure ............................... 366
9.3.11 Connection Establishment Timing Parameters........... 366
9.3.12 Connection Interval Timing Parameters...................... 367
9.4 Bonding Modes and Procedures ............................................. 368
9.4.1 Requirements.............................................................. 368
9.4.2 Non-Bondable Mode................................................... 369
9.4.3 Bondable Mode........................................................... 369
9.4.4 Bonding Procedure ..................................................... 370
10 Security Aspects – LE Physical Transport.................................... 371
10.1 Requirements .......................................................................... 371
10.2 LE Security Modes .................................................................. 371
10.2.1 LE Security Mode 1..................................................... 372
10.2.2 LE Security Mode 2..................................................... 372
10.2.3 Mixed Security Modes Requirements ......................... 373
10.2.4 Secure Connections Only Mode ................................. 373
10.3 Authentication Procedure ........................................................ 374
10.3.1 Responding to a Service Request .............................. 374
10.3.2 Initiating a Service Request ........................................ 378
10.4 Data Signing ............................................................................ 381
10.4.1 Connection Data Signing Procedure........................... 381
10.4.2 Authenticate Signed Data Procedure.......................... 382
10.5 Authorization Procedure .......................................................... 383
10.6 Encryption Procedure .............................................................. 383
10.7 Privacy Feature ....................................................................... 384
10.7.1 Privacy Feature in a Peripheral................................... 385
10.7.2 Privacy Feature in a Central ....................................... 386
10.7.3 Privacy Feature in a Broadcaster................................ 386
10.7.4 Privacy Feature in an Observer .................................. 387
10.8 Random Device Address......................................................... 387
10.8.1 Static Address............................................................. 388
10.8.2 Private address........................................................... 388
11 Advertising and Scan Response Data Format.............................. 389
12 GAP Service and Characteristics for GATT Server ...................... 390
12.1 Device Name Characteristic .................................................... 391

02 December 2014
12.2 Appearance Characteristic ...................................................... 391
12.3 Peripheral Preferred Connection Parameters Characteristic... 392
12.4 Central Address Resolution..................................................... 393
13 BR/EDR/LE Operation...................................................................... 394
13.1 Modes, Procedures and Security Aspects............................... 394
13.1.1 Discoverable Mode Requirements.............................. 395
13.2 Bonding for BR/EDR/LE Device Type ..................................... 395
13.3 Relationship between Physical Transports.............................. 395
14 BR/EDR/LE Security Aspects ......................................................... 396
14.1 Cross-transport Key Derivation................................................ 396
14.2 Collision Handling.................................................................... 396
15 Bluetooth Device Requirements..................................................... 397
15.1 Bluetooth Device Address ....................................................... 397
15.1.1 Bluetooth Device Address Types................................ 397
15.2 GATT Profile Requirements..................................................... 397
15.3 SDP Requirements.................................................................. 398
15.4 SDP Service Record Requirement .......................................... 398
16 Definitions ........................................................................................ 399
16.1 General Definitions .................................................................. 399
16.2 Connection-related Definitions ................................................ 399
16.3 Device-related Definitions........................................................ 400
16.4 Procedure-related Definitions .................................................. 401
16.5 Security-related Definitions...................................................... 401
17 References ....................................................................................... 403
Appendix A (Normative):
Timers and Constants ........................................................ 404
Appendix B (Informative): Information Flows of Related Procedures 408
B.1 LMP – Authentication ............................................................ 408
B.2 LMP – Pairing ....................................................................... 409
B.3 Service Discovery ................................................................. 410
B.4 Generating a Resolvable Private Address ............................ 410
B.5 Resolving a Resolvable Private Address .............................. 410
Part D
TEST SUPPORT
1 Test Methodology ............................................................................ 414
1.1 BR/EDR Test Scenarios .......................................................... 414
1.1.1 Test Setup................................................................... 414

02 December 2014
1.1.2 Transmitter Test .......................................................... 415
1.1.3 LoopBack Test ............................................................ 419
1.1.4 Pause Test .................................................................. 423
1.2 AMP Test Scenarios ................................................................ 424
1.2.1 Methodology Overview ............................................... 424
1.2.2 Control and Configuration........................................... 426
1.2.3 AMP Test Manager ..................................................... 426
1.2.4 Test Commands/Events Format.................................. 427
1.2.5 AMP Test Manager Commands/Events...................... 429
1.3 References .............................................................................. 432
2 Test Control Interface (TCI)............................................................. 433
2.1 Introduction.............................................................................. 433
2.1.1 Terms Used................................................................. 433
2.1.2 Usage of the Interface................................................. 433
2.2 TCI Configurations................................................................... 434
2.2.1 Bluetooth RF Requirements........................................ 434
2.2.2 Bluetooth Protocol Requirements ............................... 435
2.2.3 Bluetooth Profile Requirements .................................. 436
2.3 TCI Configuration and Usage .................................................. 437
2.3.1 Transport Layers......................................................... 437
2.3.2 Baseband and Link Manager Qualification ................. 438
2.3.3 HCI Qualification......................................................... 440
Part E
AMP MANAGER PROTOCOL SPECIFICATION
1 Introduction...................................................................................... 443
2 General Operation ........................................................................... 444
2.1 Basic Capabilities .................................................................... 444
2.2 AMP Manager Channel Over L2CAP ...................................... 445
2.3 Using the AMP Manager Protocol ........................................... 446
2.3.1 Discovering a Remote AMP Manager......................... 446
2.3.2 Discovering Available Controllers on a Remote
Device......................................................................... 446
2.3.3 Creation of AMP Physical Links.................................. 447
2.4 Controller IDs........................................................................... 448
2.5 Controller Types ...................................................................... 448
3 Protocol Description ....................................................................... 449
3.1 Packet Formats........................................................................ 449

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Carpenter, W. B., on formation of habits, I. 110;
ethical remarks on habit, 120;
mistakes in speech, 257;
lapses of memory, 374;
on not feeling pain, 419;
on ideo-motor action, II. 522
Carville, I. 69
Catalepsy, I. 229; II. 583
Cattell, on reaction-time, I. 92, 432; 524;
on recognition, 407, 648;
on attention, 420;
on association-time, 558 ff.
Cause, consciousness a, I. 187; II. 583, 592
Centres, cortical, I. 30 ff.;
motor, 31;
visual, 41;
auditory, 52;
olfactory, 57;
gustatory, 58;
tactile, 58
Cerebral process, see neural process
Cerebrum, see Brain, Hemispheres
Chadbourne, P A., II. 383
Characters, general, II. 329 ff.
Charcot, I. 54-5; II. 58, 596

Chloroform, I. 531
Choice, see selection, interest
Circulation in brain, I. 97;
effects of sensory stimuli upon, II. 374 ff.;
in grief, 443-4
Classic and romantic, II. 469
Classifications, II. 646
Clay, E. C. R., I. 609
Cleanliness, II. 434
Clearness, I. 426
Clifford, I. 130-2
Clouston, II. 114, 284-5, 537, 539
Cobbe, F. P., I. 374
Cochlea, theory of its action, II. 169
Cognition, see knowing
Cohen, H., I. 365
Coleridge, S. T., I. 572, 681
Collateral innervation, see vicarious function
Comparison, Chapter XIII:

relations discovered by comparison have nothing to do with the
time and space order of their terms, II. 641;
mediate, 489, 644;
see difference, likeness
Composition, of Mind out of its elements, see Mind-Stuff theory;
differences due to, I. 491
Comte, A., I. 187
Conceivability, I. 463
Conceptions, Chapter XII:
defined, I. 461;
their permanence, 464 ff.;
do not develop of themselves, 466 ff.;
abstract, 468;
universal, 478;
essentially teleological, II. 332
Conceptual order different from perceptual, I. 482
Concomitants, law of varying, I. 506
Confusion, II. 352
Consciousness, its seat, I. 65;
its distribution, 142-3;
its function of selection, 139-41;
is personal in form, 225;
is continuous, 237, 488;
of lack, 251;
of self not essential, 273;
of object comes first, 274;
always partial and selective, 284 ff., see Selection;
of the process of thinking, 300 ff.;

the span of, 405
Consent, in willing, II. 568
Considerations, I. 20
Constructiveness, II. 426
Contiguity, association by, I. 561
Continuity of object of consciousness, I. 488
Contrast, of colors, II. 13-27;
of temperatures, 14;
two theories of, 17 ff., 245;
of movements, 245 ff., 250
Convolutions, motor, I. 41
Cortex, of brain, experiments on, I. 31 ff.
Cramming, I. 663
Credulity, our primitive, II. 319
Cudworth, R., II. 9
'Cue,' the mental, II. 497, 518
Cumberland, S., II. 525
Curiosity, II. 429
Czermak, II. 170, 175

Darwin, C., II. 432, 446, 479, 484, 678, 681-2-4
Darwinism, scholastic reputation of, II. 670
Data, the, of psychology, I. 184
Davidson, T., I. 474
Deaf-mute's thought in infancy, I. 266
Deafness, mental, I. 50, 55-6. See hearing
Dean, S., I. 394
Decision, five types of, II. 531
Degenerations, descending in nerve-centres, I. 37, 52
Delabarre, E., II. 13-27, 71
Delbœuf, J., I. 455, 531, 541, 542, 548-9; II. 100, 189, 249, 264,
605, 609, 612
Deliberation, II. 528 ff.
Delusions, insane, I. 375; II. 114 ff.
Depth, see third dimension
Descartes, I. 180, 200, 214, 344
Destutt de Tracy, I. 247
Determinism must be postulated by psychology, II. 576
Dewey, J., I. 473

Dichotomy in thinking, II. 654
Dickens, C., I. 374
Dietze, I. 407, 617
Difference, not resolvable into composition, I. 490;
noticed most between species of a genus, 529;
the magnitude of, 531;
least discernible, 537 ff.;
methods for ascertaining, 540 ff.
Difference, local, II. 167 ff.;
genesis of our perception of, 642
Diffusion of movements, the law of, II. 372
Dimension, third, II. 134 ff., 212 ff., 220
Dipsomania, II. 543
Disbelief, II. 284
Discrimination, Chapter XIII:
conditions which favor it, I. 494;
improves by practice, 508;
spatial, II. 167 ff.
See difference
Dissociation, I. 486-7;
law of, by varying concomitants, 506
Dissociation, ditto, II. 345, 359
Dissociation, of one part of the mind from another, see Janet, Pierre

Distance, between terms of a series, I. 530
Distance, in space, see third dimension
Distraction, I. 401. See inattention
Dizziness, see vertigo
Dog's cortical centres, after Ferrier, I. 33;
after Munk, I. 44-5;
after Luciani, I. 46, 53, 58, 60;
for special muscles, 64;
hemispheres ablated, 70
Donaldson, II. 170
Donders, II. 235
Double images, II. 225-30, 252
Doubt, II. 284, 318 ff.;
the mania of, 545
Dougal, J. D., II. 222
Drainage of one brain-cell by another, II. 583 ff.
Dreams, II. 294
Drobisch, I. 632, 660
Drunkard, II. 565
Drunkenness, I. 144; II. 543, 565, 628

Dualism of object and knower, I. 218, 220
Duality, of Brain, I. 390, 399
Dudley, A. T., on mental qualities of an athlete, II. 539
Dufour, II. 211
Dunan, Ch., II. 176, 206, 208-9
Duration, the primitive object in time-perception, I. 609;
our estimate of short, 611 ff.
'Dynamogeny,' II. 379 ff., 491
Ebbinghaus, H., I. 548, 676
Eccentric projection of sensations, II. 31 ff., 195 ff.
Education of hemispheres, I. 76
See pedagogic remarks
Effort, II. 534-7;
Muscular effort, 562;
Moral effort, 549, 561, 578-9
Egger, V., I. 280-1-2; II. 256
Ego, Empirical, I. 291 ff.;
pure, 342 ff.;
'transcendental,' 362;
criticised, 364
Elementary factors of mind, see Units of consciousness

Elsas, I. 548
Emerson, R. W., I. 582, II. 307
Emotion, Chapter XXV:
continuous with instinct, II. 442;
description of typical emotions, 443-9;
results from reflex effects of stimulus upon organism, 449 ff.;
their classification, 454;
in anæsthetic subjects, 455;
in the absence of normal stimulus, 458-60;
effects of expressing, 463 ff.;
of repressing, 466;
the subtler, 469 ff.;
the neural process in, 472;
differences in individuals, 474;
evolution of special emotions, 477 ff.
Empirical ego, I. 290
Empirical propositions, II. 644
Emulation, II. 409
Ennui, I. 626
Entoptic sensations, I. 515 ff.
Equation, personal, I. 413
'Equilibration,' direct and indirect, II. 627
Essences, their meaning, II. 329 ff.;
sentimental and mechanical, 665
Essential qualities, see essences

Estel, I. 613, 618
Evolutionism demands a 'mind-dust,' 146
Exner, on human cortical centres, I. 36;
on 'circumvallation' of centres, 65;
his psychodometer, 87;
on reaction-time, 91;
on perception of rapid succession, 409;
on attention, 439;
on time-perception, 615, 638, 646;
on feeling of motion, II. 172
Experience, I. 402, 487;
Relation of experience to necessary judgments, Chapter XXVIII;
Experience defined, II. 619 ff., 628
Experimentation in psychology, I. 192
Extradition of sensations, II. 31 ff., 195 ff.
Fallacy, the Psychologist's, I. 196, 278, 153; II. 281
Familiarity, sense of, see recognition
Fatalism, II. 574
Fatigue, diminishes span of consciousness, I. 640
Fear, instinct of, II. 396, 415;
the symptoms of, 446;
morbid, 460;
origin of, 478

Fechner, I. 435-6, 533, 539 ff., 549, 616, 645; II. 50, 70, 137 ff., 178,
464
Feeling, synonym for consciousness in general in this book, I. 186;
feelings of relation, 243
Félida X., I. 380-4
Féré, Ch., II. 68, 378 ff.
Ferrier, D., I. 31, 46-7-8, 53, 57-8-9, 445; II. 503
Ferrier, Jas., I. 274, 475
Fiat, of the will, II. 501, 526, 561, 564; 568.
See decision
Fichte, I. 365
Fick, I. 150
Fiske, J., II. 577
Fixed ideas. See insistent ideas
Flechsig's Pyramidenbahn, I. 37
Flint, R., II. 425
Flourens, P., I. 30
Force, supposed sense of, II. 518
Forgetting, I. 679 ff.; II. 370-1. See amnesia
Fouillée, A., II. 500, 570

François-Franck, I. 70
Franklin, Mrs. C. L., II. 94
Franz, Dr., II. 63
Freedom, of the will, II. 569 ff.
'Fringe' of object, I. 258, 281-2, 471-2, 478
Frog's nerve-centres, I. 14
Fusion of feelings unintelligible, I. 157-62; II. 2. See Mind-stuff
theory
Fusion of impressions into one object, I. 484, 502; II. 103, 183
Galton, F., I. 254, 265, 685;
on mental imagery, II. 51-7;
on gregariousness, 430
General propositions, what they involve, II. 337 ff. See universal
conceptions
Genesis of brain-structure, its two modes, II. 624
Genius, I. 423, 530; II. 110, 352, 360
Gentleman, the mind of the, II. 370
Geometry, II. 658
Giddiness, see vertigo

Gilman, B. I., I. 95
Gley, E., II. 514-5, 525
Goldscheider, II. 170, 192 ff., 200
Goltz, I. 9, 31, 33, 34, 45, 46, 58, 62, 67, 69, 70, 74, 77
Gorilla, II. 416
Graefe, A., II. 507, 510
Grashey, I. 640
Grassman, R., II. 654
Gregariousness, II. 430
Green, T. H., I. 247, 274, 366-8; II. 4, 10, 11
Grief, II. 448, 480
Griesinger, W., II. 298
Grübelsucht, II. 284
Guinea-pigs, epileptic, etc., II. 682-7
Guislain, II. 546
Gurney, E., I. 209; II. 117, 130, 469, 610
Guyau, II. 414, 469
Habit, Chapter IV:

due to plasticity of brain-matter, I. 105;
depends on paths in nerve-centres, 107;
origination of, 109-13;
mechanism of concatenated habits, 114-8;
they demand some sensation, 118;
ethical and pedagogic maxims, 121-7;
is the ground of association, 566;
of memory, 655
Habits may inhibit instincts, II. 394;
Habit accounts for one large part of our knowledge, 632
Hall, G. S., I. 96-7, 558, 614, 616; II. 155, 247, 281, 423
Hallucination, sensation a veridical, II. 33;
of lost limbs, 38, 105;
of emotional feeling, 459
Hallucinations, II. 114 ff.;
hypnagogic, 124;
the brain-process in, 122 ff.;
hypnotic, 604
Hamilton, W., I. 214, 215, 274, 406, 419, 569, 578, 682; II. 113
Hammond, E., II. 673
Haploscopic method, II. 226
Harless, II. 497
Hartley, I. 553, 561, 564, 600
Hartmann, R., II. 416
Hasheesh-delirium, II. 121

Hearing, its cortical centre, I. 52
Heat, of mental work, I. 100
Hecker, II. 480
Hegel, I. 163, 265, 366, 369, 666
Heidenhain, I. 82
Helmholtz, H., I. 285;
on attention, 422, 487, 441;
on discrimination, 504, 516-21;
time as a category, 637-8;
after-images, 645, 648;
on color-contrast, II. 17 ff.;
on sensation, 33;
on cochlea, 170;
on convergence of eyes, 200;
vision with inverted head, 213;
on what marks a sensation, 218 ff., 243-4;
on entoptic objects, 241-2;
on contrast in seen movement, 247;
on relief, 257;
on measurement of the field of view, 266 ff.;
on theory of space-perception, 279;
on feeling of innervation, 493, 507, 510;
on conservation of energy, 667
Hemiamblyopia, I. 44
Hemianopsia, I. 41, 44; II. 73
Hemispheres, their distinction from lower centres, I. 20;
their education, 24, 67;

localization of function in, 30;
the exclusive seat of consciousness, 65;
effects of deprivation of, on frogs, 17, 72-3;
on fishes, 73;
on birds, 74, 77;
on rodents, 74;
on dogs, 70, 74;
on primates, 75;
not devoid of connate paths, 76;
their evolution from lower centres, 79
Henle, J., II. 445, 461, 481
Herbart, I. 353, 418, 603, 608, 626
Hereditary transmission of acquired characters, see inheritance
Hering, E., on attention, I. 438, 449;
on comparing weights, 544;
on pure sensation, II. 4;
on color-contrast, 20 ff.;
on roomy character of sensations, 136 ff.;
on after-images and convergence, 200;
on distance of double images, 230;
on stereoscopy, 252;
on reproduction in vision, 260 ff.;
on movements of closed eye, 510
Herzen, I. 58;
on reaction-time from a corn, 96;
on cerebral thermometry, 100;
on swooning, 273
Hitzig, I. 31
Hobbes, T., I. 573, 587, 594 ff.

Hodgson, R., I. 374, 398
Hodgson, S. H., on inertness of consciousness, I. 129-30, 133;
on self, 341, 347;
on conceptual order, 482;
on association, 572 ff., 603;
on voluntary redintegration, 588-9;
on the 'present' in time, 607
Höffding, H., I. 674; II. 455
Holbrook, M. H., I. 665
Holmes, O. W., I. 88, 405, 582
Holtei, von, I. 624
Horopter, II. 226
Horsley, V., I. 35, 59, 63
Horwicz, I. 314, 325-7
Howe, S. G., II. 358
Human intellect, compared with that of brute, II. 348 ff.;
depends on association by similarity, 353 ff.;
various orders of, 360;
what brain-peculiarity it depends on, 366, 638
Hume, I. 254;
on personal identity, 351-3, 360;
association, 597;
due to brain-laws, 564;
on mental images, II. 45-6;

on belief, 295-6, 302;
on pleasure and will, 558
Hunting instinct, II. 411
Huxley, I. 130-1, 254; II. 46
Hyatt, A., II. 102
Hylozoism, see Mind-stuff theory
Hyperæsthesia, in hypnotism, II. 609
Hypnotism, I. 407; II. 128, 351;
general account of, Chapter XXVII;
methods, II. 593;
theories of, 596;
symptoms of trance, 602 ff.;
post-hypnotic suggestion, 618
Hysterics, their so-called anæsthesias, and unconsciousness, I. 202
ff.
Ideal objects, eternal and necessary relations between, II. 639, 661.
See conceptions
'Ideas,' the theory of, I. 230;
confounded with objects, 231, 276, 278, 399, 521;
they do not exist as parts of our thought, 279, 405, 553;
platonic, 462;
abstract, 468 ff.;
universal, 473 ff.;
never come twice the same, 480-1
Ideation, no distinct centres for, I. 564; II. 78

Identity, sense of, I. 459;
three principles of, 460;
not the foundation of likeness, 492
Identity, personal, I. 238, 330 ff.;
based on ordinary judgment of sameness, 334;
due to resemblance and continuity of our feelings, 336;
Lotze on, 350;
only relatively true, 372
Ideo-motor action the type of all volition, II. 522
Idiosyncrasy, II. 631
'Idomenians,' II. 214
Illusions, II. 85 ff., 129, 232 ff., 243-66.
See hallucinations
Images, double, in vision, II. 225-30
Images, mental, not lost in mental blindness, etc., I. 50, 66; II. 73
Images, are usually vague, II. 45;
visual, 51 ff.;
auditory, 160;
motor, 61;
tactile, 165;
between sleep and waking, 124-6
Imagination, Chapter XVIII:
it differs in individuals, II. 51 ff.;
sometimes leaves an after-image, 67;
the cerebral process of, 68 ff.;
not locally distinct from that of sensation, 73;

is figured, 82
Imitation, II. 408
Immortality, I. 348-9
Impulses, morbid, II. 542 ff. See instincts
Impulsiveness of all consciousness, II. 526 ff.
Inattention, I. 404, 455 ff.
Increase, serial, I. 490
Indeterminism, II. 569 ff.
Ingersoll, R., II. 469
Inheritance of acquired characters, II. 367, 678 ff.
Inhibition, I. 43, 67, 404; II. 126, 373;
of instincts, 391, 394;
of one cortical process by another, 583
Innervation, feeling of, II. 236, 493;
it is unnecessary, 494 ff.;
no evidence for it, 499, 518
Innervation, collateral, see vicarious function
Insane delusions, I. 375; II. 113
Insistent ideas, II. 545
Instinct. Chapter XXIV;
defined, II. 384;

is a reflex impulse, 385 ff.;
is neither blind nor invariable, 389;
contrary instincts in same animal, 392;
man has more than other mammals, 393, 441;
their transitoriness, 398;
special instincts, 404-441;
the origin of instincts, 678
'Integration' of feelings, Spencer's theory of, I. 151 ff.
Intelligence, the test of its presence, I. 8;
of lower brain-centres, 78 ff.
Intention to speak, I. 253
Interest, I. 140, 284 ff., 402-3, 482, 515 ff., 572, 594; II. 312 ff.,
344-5, 634
Intermediaries, the axiom of skipped, II. 646
Introspection, I. 185
Inverted head, vision with, II. 213
Jackson, Hughlings, I. 29, 64, 400; II. 125-6
Janet, J., I. 385
Janet, Paul, I. 625; II. 40-1
Janet, Pierre, I. 203 ff., 227, 384 ff., 682; II. 456, 614
Jastrow, I. 88, 543, 545; II. 44, 135, 180
Jevons, W. S., I. 406

Joints, their sensibility, II. 189 ff.
Judgments, existential, II. 290
Justice, II. 673
Kandinsky, V., II. 70, 116
Kant, I. 274, 331, 344, 347;
his 'transcendental' deduction of the categories, 360;
his paralogisms, 362;
criticised, 363-6;
on time, 642;
on symmetrical figures, II. 150;
on space, 273 ff.;
on the real, 296;
on synthetic judgments a priori, 661,
and their relation to experience, 664
Kinæsthetic feelings, II. 488 ff., 493
'Kleptomania,' II. 425
Knee-jerk, II. 380
Knowing, I. 216 ff.;
psychology assumes it, 218;
not reducible to any other relation, 219, 471, 688
Knowledge, two kinds of, I. 221;
of Self not essential to, 274;
the relativity of, II. 9 ff.;
the genesis of, 630 ff.

Knowledge-about, I. 221
König, I. 542
Kries, von, I. 96, 547; II. 253
Krishaber, I. 377
Kussmaul, A., I. 684
Ladd, G. T., I. 687; II. 3, 311
Lamarck, II. 678
Landry, II. 490, 492
Lange, A., I. 29, 284
Lange, C., II. 443, 449, 455, 457, 460, 462
Lange, K., II. 111
Lange, L., on reaction-time, muscular and sensorial, I. 92
Lange, N., on muscular element in imagination, I. 444
Language, as a human function, II. 356-8
Laromiguèire, I. 247
Laughter, II. 480
Lazarus, I. 624, 626; II. 84, 97, 369, 429
Le Conte, Joseph, II. 228, 252, 265

Léonie, M. Janet's trance-subject, I. 201, 387 ff.
Levy, W. H., II. 204
Lewes, on frog's sp. cord, I. 9, 78, 134;
on thought as a sort of algebra, 270;
on 'preperception,' 439, 442;
on muscular feeling, II. 199;
on begging in pup, 400;
on lapsed intelligence, 678
Lewinski, II. 192
Liberatore, II. 670
Liebmann, O., on brain as a machine, I. 10; II. 34
Liégeois, J., II. 594, 606
Light, effects of, on movement, II. 379
Likeness, I. 528
Lindsay, T. L., II. 421
Lipps, on 'unconscious' sensations, I. 175;
on theory of ideas, 603;
time-perception, 632;
on muscular feeling, II. 200;
on distance, 221;
on visual illusions, 251, 264;
on space-perception, 280;
on reality, 297;
on effort, 575

Lissauer, I. 50
Local signs, II. 155 ff., 167
Localization, in hemispheres, I. 30 ff.
Localization, II. 153 ff.;
of one sensible object in another, II. 31 ff., 183 ff., 195 ff.
Locke, J., I. 200, 230, 247, 349, 390, 462, 483, 553, 563, 679; II.
210, 306, 644, 662-4
'Locksley Hall,' I. 567
Locomotion, instinct of, II. 405
Loeb, I. 33, 44; II. 255, 516, 628
Logic, II. 647
Lombard, J. S., I. 99
Lombard, W., II. 380
Lotze, I. 214;
on immortality, 349;
on personal identity, 350;
on attention, 442-3;
on fusion and discrimination of sensations, 522;
on local signs, II. 157, 495;
on volition, 523-4
Louis V., I. 388
Love, sexual, II. 437, 543;
parental, 439;

Bain's explanation of, 551
Lowell, J. R., I. 582
Luciani, I. 44-5-6-7, 53, 60
McCosh, I. 501
Mach, E., on attention, I. 436;
on space-feeling, 449;
on time feeling, 616, 635;
on motion-contrast, II. 247;
on optical inversion, 255;
on probability, 258;
on feeling of innervation, 509, 511
Magnitude of differences, I. 530 ff.
Malebranche, II. 9
Manouvrier, II. 496
Mania, transitory, II. 460
Man's intellectual distinction from brutes, II. 348 ff.
Mansel, H. L., I. 274
Mantegazza, P., II. 447, 479, 481
Marcus Aurelius, I. 313, 317; II. 675
Marillier, L., I. 445; II. 514
Marique, I. 65

Martin, H. N., I. 99; II. 3
Martineau, J., I. 484 ff., 506; II. 9
Maudsley, H., I. 113, 656
Maury, A., II. 83, 124, 127
Mechanical philosophy, the, II. 666 ff.
Mechanism vs. intelligence, I. 8-14
Mediate comparison, I. 489
Mediumship, I. 228, 393 ff.
Mehner, I. 618
Memory, Chapter XVI:
it depends on material conditions, I. 2;
the essential function of the hemispheres, 20;
lapses of, 373 ff.;
in hysterics, 384 ff.;
favored by attention, 427;
primary, 638, 643;
analysis of the phenomenon of Memory, 648;
the return of a mental image is not memory, 619;
memory's causes, 653 ff.;
the result of association, 654;
conditions of good memory, 659;
brute retentiveness, 660;
multiple associations, 662;
improvement of memory, 667 ff.;
its usefulness depends on forgetting much, 680;
its decay, 683;

metaphysical explanations of it, 687 ff.
Mentality, the mark of its presence, I. 8
Mental operations, simultaneous, I. 408
Mercier, C., on inertness of consciousness, I. 135;
on inhibition, II. 583
Merkel, I. 542-3-4
Metaphysical principles, II. 669 ff.
Metaphysics, I. 137, 401
Meyer's experiment on color-contrast, II. 21
Meyer, G. H., II. 66, 97-8
Meynert, T., his brain-scheme, I. 25, 64, 72
Mill, James, I. 277, 355, 470, 476, 485, 499, 597, 651, 653; II. 77
Mill, J. S., I. 189;
on unity of self, 356-9;
on abstract ideas, 470;
methods of inquiry, 590;
on infinitude and association, 600;
on space, II. 271;
on belief, 285, 322;
on reasoning, 331;
on the order of Nature, 634;
on arithmetical propositions, 654
Mills, C. K., I. 60

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