Spiroplasma
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Spiroplasma are helical, motile prokaryotes bounded by a triple membrane layer. They were first discovered in 1972 and lack cell walls. Spiroplasma can be cultured on nutrient media where colonies appear as fried or poached eggs. They are transmitted by leafhoppers and have genomes ranging from 780-2200 kb. Spiroplasma citri was first cultured and they grow well at 30°C but not 37°C. They cause diseases in citrus, corn, and periwinkle plants.
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Spiroplasma
- 1. SPIROPLASMA N.H. SHANKAR REDDY 2ND PH.D. PLANT PATHOLOGY ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY
- 2. • Spiroplasma are cell wall less, helical, motile prokaryotic organism bounded by a triple layer membrane, movement is through rapid rotary motion. • First discovered by “Davis et al” in 1972
- 3. Properties Spiroplasma can be cultured on nutrient media and culture colonies are appeared as fried egg or poached egg and it requires sterols and cholesterol for their growth. Spiroplasma cell size ranges from 100-240 nm, and the genome size ranges from 780- 2,200 kb. Transmitted mostly by leaf hoppers. Saglio et al. cultured Spiroplasma citri for the 1st time They grow well at 30oC, but completely inhibited at 37oC Cell is surrounded by triple layer unit membrane Resistant to Penicilliun and susceptible to tetracycline
- 4. Ex - Citrus stubborn (Leaf hopper – Circulifer tenellus, Scaphytopius nitridus) • Corn stunt (Leaf hopper – Dalbus maidis) • Periwinkle yellowsis