Spring and Cloud Foundry; a Marriage Made in Heaven

Spring and Cloud Foundry: a Marriage Made in Heaven

Josh Long, Spring Developer Advocate
SpringSource, a division of VMware

Twitter: @starbuxman
Email: josh.long@springsource.com

About Josh Long

Spring Developer Advocate
twitter: @starbuxman
josh.long@springsource.com

NOT CONFIDENTIAL -- TELL EVERYONE 2

VMware is the Customer Proven Market Leader

 Company Overview
• $3.77 billion in 2011 revenues
• >$4.5 billion in cash and equivalents
• 30%+ operating margins
• 11,000 + employees worldwide
• 5th largest infrastructure software
company in the world
 Proven in the Trenches
• 300,000+ VMware customers
• 100% of Fortune 100
• 100% of Fortune Global 100
• 99% of Fortune 1000
• 97% of Fortune Global 500

Confidential
3

Spring Makes Building Applications Easy...

NOT CONFIDENTIAL -- TELL EVERYONE 4

Tell Spring About Your Objects

package org.springsource.examples.spring31.services;... @Configuration
@ComponentScan(“the.package.with.beans.in.it”)public class ServicesConfiguratio
{
...

}
}
}

5


public class Main {
static public void main (String [] args) throws Throwable {
ApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
org.springsource.examples.spring31.services.ServicesConfiguration.class);
...
}
}

6

package the.package.with.beans.in.it;

@Service
public class CustomerService {

public Customer createCustomer(String firstName,
String lastName,
Date signupDate) {

}

...

}

7

I want Database Access ...

package org.springsource.examples.spring31.services;... @Configurationpublic class
ServicesConfiguration {
@Bean public DataSource dataSource() throws Exception
{ SimpleDriverDataSource simpleDriverDataSource =
new SimpleDriverDataSource(); .... return simpleDriverDataSource; }
}
}
}

8

I want Database Access ... with Hibernate 4 Support

package org.springsource.examples.spring31.services;... @Configurationpublic class
ServicesConfiguration { ... @Bean public SessionFactory sessionFactory() throw
Exception { Properties props = new Properties();
// ... show_sql, dialect, etc. return new LocalSessionFactoryBuilder( dataSourc
.addAnnotatedClasses(Customer.class) .addProperties(props)
.buildSessionFactory(); }
}
}
}

9

I want Database Access ... with Hibernate 4 Support
...
@Service

@Inject
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

String lastName,
Date signupDate) {
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setFirstName(firstName);
customer.setLastName(lastName);
customer.setSignupDate(signupDate);

sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(customer);
return customer;
}

...

} 10

I want Declarative Transaction Management...

@EnableTransactionManagementpublic class ServicesConfiguration {
...
@Bean public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() throws Exc
{ return new HibernateTransactionManager(this.sessionFactory()); }
}
}
}
}

11

I want Declarative Transaction Management...
...
@Service

@Inject

@Transactional
String lastName,
Date signupDate) {

return customer;
}
...
}
12

I want Declarative Cache Management...

@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableCachingpublic class ServicesConfiguration {
...
@Bean public CacheManager cacheManager() { SimpleCacheManager scm =
SimpleCacheManager(); Cache cache = new ConcurrentMapCache("customers");
scm.setCaches(Arrays.asList(cache)); return scm; }}
SimpleCacheManager scm = new SimpleCacheManager(); Cache cache = new
ConcurrentMapCache("customers"); scm.setCaches(Arrays.asList(cache)); ret

13

I want Declarative Cache Management...
...
@Service

@Inject

@Transactional
@Cacheable(“customers”)
String lastName,
Date signupDate) {

return customer;
}
}
14

I want a RESTful Endpoint...
package org.springsource.examples.spring31.web;..
@Controllerpublic class CustomerController { @Inject private CustomerService
customerService; @RequestMapping(value = "/customer/{id}",
produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE) public
@ResponseBody Customer customerById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) { return
customerService.getCustomerById(id); } ...
}
}
}

15

Cloud Foundry: Choice of Runtimes

16

Frameworks and Runtimes Supported

• Out of the Box
• Java (.WAR files, on Tomcat. Spring’s an ideal choice here, of course..)
• Scala (Lift, Play!)
• Ruby (Rails, Sinatra, etc.)
• Node.js
• Ecosystem Partners
• .NET (Uhuru, Tier3)
• both from Seattle-native partners!
• Runs standard .NET (no need to port your application)
• Python (Stackato)
• PHP (AppFog)
• Haskell (1)
1) http://www.cakesolutions.net/teamblogs/2011/11/25/haskell-happstack-on-cloudfoundry/
• Erlang (2)
2) https://github.com/cloudfoundry/vcap/pull/20

17

Deploying an Application

CLI Application name Dir containing application (or, .WAR for Java)

$ vmc push cf1 --path target
--url cer-cf1.cloudfoundry.com

Application URL

18

Deploying an Application

$ vmc push cf1 --path target
--url cer-cf1.cloudfoundry.com
Detected a Java Web Application, is this correct?
[Yn]:

Memory Reservation [Default:512M] (64M, 128M, 256M,
512M, 1G or 2G)
Creating Application: OK
Would you like to bind any services to 'cf1'? [yN]:

Uploading Application:
Checking for available resources: OK
Packing application: OK
Uploading (2K): OK
Push Status: OK
Starting Application: OK
19

Deploying an Application (with a Manifest)

$ vmc push
Would you like to deploy from the current directory?
[Yn]: y
Pushing application 'html5expenses'...
Creating Application: OK
Creating Service [expenses-mongo]: OK
Binding Service [expenses-mongo]: OK
Creating Service [expenses-postgresql]: OK
Binding Service [expenses-postgresql]: OK
Uploading Application:
Checking for available resources: OK
Processing resources: OK
Packing application: OK
Uploading (6K): OK
Push Status: OK
Staging Application 'html5expenses': OK 20

Deploying an Application (with a manifest.yml)

---
applications:
target:
name: html5expenses
url: ${name}.${target-base}
framework:
name: spring
info:
mem: 512M
description: Java SpringSource Spring Application
exec:
mem: 512M
instances: 1
services:
expenses-mongo:
type: :mongodb
expenses-postgresql:
type: :postgresql

21

Flexible Application Topologies

system load balancer

elastic pool

redis mysql
front_end front_end

rabbitMQ

elastic pool

mongodb
back_end

10
22

Deployment with STS

QuickTimeª and a
H.264 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

23

Cloud Foundry: Choice of Clouds

24

Main Risk: Lock In

Welcome to the hotel californiaSuch a lovely
placeSuch a lovely facePlenty of room at the hotel
californiaAny time of year, you can find it here

Last thing I remember, I wasRunning for the doorI
had to find the passage backTo the place I was
before’relax,’ said the night man,We are
programmed to receive.You can checkout
any time you like,But you can never
leave!

-the Eagles

25

Cloud Foundry: Clouds

 AppFog.com
• community lead for PHP
• PaaS for PHP

 Joyent
• community lead for Node.js

 ActiveState
• community lead for Python, Perl
• Providers of Stackato private PaaS

28

Cloud Foundry.org
Foundry Community

29

Micro Cloud Foundry (beta)
Micro Cloud Foundry

Cloud Foundry: Services

31


 Services are one of the extensibility planes in Cloud Foundry
• there are more services being contributed by the community daily!

 MySQL, Redis, MongoDB, RabbitMQ, PostgreSQL

 Services may be shared across applications

 Cloud Foundry abstracts the provisioning aspect of services through a
uniform API hosted in the cloud controller

 It’s very easy to take an app and add a service to the app in a uniform way
• Cassandra? COBOL / CICS, Oracle

32

the Original “Cloud Messaging” Solution

34

Cloud Foundry: Services Creation and Binding

$VCAP_SERVICES: {"redis-2.2":
[{"name":"redis_sample","label":"redis-2.2","plan":"free","tags":
["redis","redis-2.2","key-value","nosql"],"credentials":
{"hostname":"172.30.48.40","host":"172.30.48.40","port":5023,"pa
ssword":"8e9a901f-987d-4544-9a9e-
ab0c143b5142","name":"de82c4bb-bd08-46c0-a850-
af6534f71ca3"}}],"mongodb-1.8":[{"name":"mongodb-
e7d29","label":"mongodb-1.8","plan":"free","tags”:………………….

35

Accessing Your Services

 Debugging and accessing the data locally
• Caldecott --> Service tunneling. Access your Cloud Foundry service as if it was local.

36

Tunneling
gem install caldecott
vmc tunnel <mongodb>

37

Using your favorite tools

38

Spring on Cloud Foundry

40

Auto-Reconfiguration: Getting Started

 Deploy Spring apps to the cloud without changing a single line of code
 Cloud Foundry automatically re-configures bean definitions to bind to cloud
services
 Works with Spring and Grails

41

Auto-Reconfiguration: Relational DB

 Detects beans of type javax.sql.DataSource
 Connects to MySQL or PostgreSQL services
• Specifies driver, url, username, password, validation query
 Creates Commons DBCP or Tomcat DataSource
 Replaces existing DataSource

import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
...
@Bean(destroyMethod = "close")public BasicDataSource dataSource(){
BasicDataSource bds = new BasicDataSource();
bds.setUrl( "jdbc:h2:mem"); bds.setPassword(""); bds.setUsername("sa");
bds.setDriverClass( Driver.class); return bds;}

42

Auto-Reconfiguration: ORM

 Adjusts Hibernate Dialect
 Changes hibernate.dialect property to
MySQLDialect (MyISAM) or PostgreSQLDialect
• org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean
• org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean
(Spring 2.5 and 3.0)
• org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryBuilderSupport
(Spring 3.1)

@Bean public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManager
{ LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean lcem =
new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
lcem.setDataSource( dataSource()); return lcem; }

43

Auto-Reconfiguration: How It Works

 Cloud Foundry installs a BeanFactoryPostProcessor in your application
context during staging
• Adds jar to your application
• Modifies web.xml to load BFPP
• Adds context file to contextConfigLocation
• web-app context-param
• Spring MVC DispatcherServlet init-param
 Adds PostgreSQL and MySQL driver jars as needed for DataSource
reconfiguration

44

The Environment

 Asking Questions
• You can introspect the environment variables (System.getenv(“VCAP_SERVICES”)),
or...
• import the CloudFoundry runtime API from Java!
• (much simpler)

<dependency>
<groupId>org.cloudfoundry</groupId>
<artifactId>cloudfoundry-runtime</artifactId>
<version>0.8.1</version>
</dependency>

45

The Spring Developer’s Perspective: The Environment
@Controller
public class HomeController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String home(Map<String, Object> model) { CloudEnvironment
cloudEnvironment = new CloudEnvironment(); if
(cloudEnvironment.getCloudApiUri() != null) { model.put("host",
cloudEnvironment.getInstanceInfo().getHost()); model.put("port",
cloudEnvironment.getInstanceInfo().getPort()); } return "home"; }

}

46

Giving Your Application Clues with the env command

env <appname>
List application environment variables
env <appname>

env-add <appname> <variable[=]value>
env-add <appname> <variable[=]value>
Add an environment variable to an application

env-del <appname> <variable>
env-del <appname> <variable>
Delete an environment variable to an application

$ env-add html5expenses PAYMENT_GATEWAY=http://blah.com

is the same as..

$ export PAYMENT_GATEWAY=http://blah.com

47

Introducing... the Cloud Namespace

 <cloud:> namespace for use in Spring app contexts
 Provides application-level control of bean service bindings
 Recommended for development of new cloud apps
 Use when:
• You have multiple services of the same type
• You have multiple connecting beans of the same type
• e.g. DataSource, MongoDBFactory
• You have custom bean configuration
• e.g. DataSource pool size, connection properties

48

<cloud:service-scan>
 Scans all services bound to the application and creates a bean of an
appropriate type for each
• Same bean types as auto-reconfiguration
 Useful during early development phases
 Do NOT leave it in (encourages bad testability).
• Spring 3.1 profiles are an elegant solution
<beans ...
xmlns:cloud="http://schema.cloudfoundry.org/spring"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://schema.cloudfoundry.org/spring
http://schema.cloudfoundry.org/spring/cloudfoundry-spring-0.8.xsd
...">

<cloud:service-scan/>

</beans>

49

<cloud:service-scan> Autowire Dependencies
 Created beans can be autowired as dependencies
 Use @Qualifier with service name if multiple services of same type bound
to app

@Autowired(required=false)
private ConnectionFactory rabbitConnectionFactory;

@Autowired
private RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory;

@Autowired
@Qualifier("test_mysql_database")
private DataSource mysqlDataSource;

@Autowired(required=false)
@Qualifier("test_postgres_database")
private DataSource postgresDataSource;

50

<cloud:data-source>
 Configures a DataSource bean
• Commons DBCP or Tomcat DataSource
 Basic attributes:
• id: defaults to service name
• service-name: only needed if you have multiple relational database services bound to
the app

<cloud:data-source id="dataSource"/>

<bean class="org.sf.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
id="entityManagerFactory">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

51

<cloud:data-source> Example

<cloud:data-source id="dataSource" service-name="mySQLSvc">
<cloud:pool pool-size="1-5"/>
<cloud:connection properties="charset=utf-8"/>
</cloud:data-source>

...

@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource ;

52

<cloud:properties>
 Exposes basic information about services that can be consumed with
Spring’s property placeholder support
 Basic attributes:
• id: the name of the properties bean
 Properties automatically available when deploying Spring 3.1 applications

<cloud:properties id="cloudProperties" />
<context:property-placeholder properties-ref="cloudProperties"/>
@Autowired private Environment environment;@Beanpublic ComboPooledDataSource dataSource() throws Exception { String user = this.environment.getProperty
("cloud.services.mysql.connection.username"); ComboPooledDataSource cpds = new ComboPooledDataSource(); cpds.setUser(user); return cpds; }

53

Spring 3.1 Environment Abstraction
 Bean definitions for a specific environment (Profiles)
• e.g. development, testing, production
• Possibly different deployment environments
• Activate profiles by name
• spring.profiles.active system property
• Other means outside deployment unit
• “default” profile activates if no other profiles specified
 Custom resolution of placeholders
• Dependent on the actual environment
• Ordered property sources
 Requires Spring 3.1 (or later)

54

Isolating Cloud Foundry Configuration
 Switch between local, testing and Cloud Foundry deployments with Profiles
 “cloud” profile automatically activates on Cloud Foundry
• usage of the cloud namespace should occur within the cloud profile block

55

Isolating Cloud Foundry Configuration

<bean class="org.sf.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<beans profile="cloud">
<cloud:data-source id="dataSource" />
</beans>

<beans profile="default">
<bean class="org.a.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" id="dataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/my_db" />
</bean>
</beans>

56

Profile Support: How It Works
 Cloud Foundry installs a custom ApplicationContextInitializer in your app
during staging
• Modifies web.xml
• Adds to contextInitializerClasses context-param
 Adds “cloud” as an active profile
 Adds a PropertySource to the Environment

57

Java Configuration
 Alternative to <cloud:*> namespace
• Spring Java Configuration
• Non-Spring apps
 Programmatic creation of service connection factories
• Using ServiceCreator and ServiceInfo classes
 Works well with CloudEnvironment
 Included in cloudfoundry-runtime lib

58

Java Configuration with Profiles

@Configuration
@Profile(“local”)
public class LocalDataSourceConfiguration {

@Bean public javax.sql.DataSource dataSource() { ... }

}

@Configuration
@Profile(“cloud”)
public class CloudDataSourceConfiguration {

@Bean public javax.sql.DataSource dataSource() { ... }

}

59

Using ServiceCreator

//Provides access to CF service and application env info
CloudEnvironment environment = new CloudEnvironment();

//Retrieve env info for bound service named "mysqlService"
RdbmsServiceInfo mysqlSvc =
environment.getServiceInfo("mysqlService", RdbmsServiceInfo.class);

//create a DataSource bound to the service
RdbmsServiceCreator dataSourceCreator = new RdbmsServiceCreator();

DataSource dataSource = dataSourceCreator.createService(mysqlSvc);

60

Using ServiceInfo

//Provides access to CF service and application env info
CloudEnvironment environment = new CloudEnvironment();

//Retrieve env info for bound service named "mongoService"
MongoServiceInfo mongoSvc =
environment.getServiceInfo("mongoService", MongoServiceInfo.class);

//create a Mongo DB bound to the service
Mongo mongoDB = new Mongo(mongoSvc.getHost(), mongoSvc.getPort());

61

Looking Forward

 Spring Insight for Cloud Foundry
 Better Integration with Public/Private Cloud Hybrid Scenarios

62

is
Hiring in Seattle!

Software Engineers
Site Reliability Engineers/DevOps
Developer Advocates

http://www.cloudfoundry.com/jobs
Confidential
63

CloudFoundry.com signup promo code: cloudtalk

Questions?
Say hi on Twitter:
@starbuxman @springsource @cloudfoundry
NOT CONFIDENTIAL -- TELL EVERYONE

Spring and Cloud Foundry; a Marriage Made in Heaven

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