Sprinkler_Systems_Presentation.ppt
- 2. Basic Components Introduction Discuss Objectives The Automatic Sprinkler Types of Sprinkler Systems Matching The Risk With The Correct Protection Design Methods and Water Supplies Automatic Sprinkler System Components Sprinkler System Inspection, Tests, and Maintenance
- 3. The Automatic Sprinkler History dates to mid to late 1800’s Forerunner of modern sprinkler was perforated pipes Extremely effective - Controls over 96% of fires Designed to apply water over the source of the fire Operates from heat generated by fire Each sprinkler operates independently Numerous types to meet protection requirements
- 4. The Automatic Sprinkler Deflector (Upright) Frame Levers Links Solder Cap
- 5. Upright & Pendent Standard Sprinklers
- 6. Pendent Quick Response Glass Bulb Sprinkler
- 7. ESFR Sprinkler Early Suppression Fast Response
- 8. Types of Sprinkler Systems Wet Pipe Systems Dry pipe Systems Pre-action Systems Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR) Large Drop
- 9. Wet Pipe Systems Area must be heated Piping contains water under pressure Water applied as soon as sprinkler fuses Fast acting - Preferred system
- 10. Typical Wet Pipe System Riser
- 11. Alarm Check Valve with Trim
- 12. Alarm Check Valve for Wet Pipe System
- 15. Dry Pipe Systems Area experiences freezing temperatures Piping contains air under pressure Water application delayed until air pressure bleeds from system after sprinkler fuses Slow acting - Less desirable system
- 16. Typical Dry Pipe System
- 17. Typical Dry Pipe Valve with Trim
- 18. Dry Pipe Valve Assembly
- 21. Pre-action Systems Area contains high valued water damageable contents Piping contains air under pressure Separate fire detection system Early alarm before water discharge
- 22. Preaction System
- 23. Typical Preaction System Riser
- 24. ESFR Sprinklers Applications/Advantages Excellent for high storage Eliminates in-rack sprinklers Flexible storage arrangements
- 25. ESFR Sprinklers Disadvantages Cost …often require fire pump Installation / construction restrictions Not Good for coolers or freezers Still require in-racks for motor oils, vegetable oils and aerosols
- 26. Large Drop Sprinklers Applications/Advantages Also excellent for high storage Also eliminates in-rack sprinklers Good for coolers & freezers
- 27. Large Drop Sprinklers Disadvantages Larger water demands … fire pump Still require in-racks for motor oils, vegetable oils and aerosols
- 28. Matching The Risk With The Correct Protection + Design Methods and Water Supplies
- 29. Design Methods Pipe Schedule Older method based on tables in NFPA 13. Hydraulically Designed System specifically matched to the Occupancy or Commodity Classification based on specific water density for a calculated area (_ usgpm/sq.ft. over _ sq.ft.)
- 30. Key Determining Factors “Occupancy”- Light, Ordinary, Extra Hazard “Commodity Classification” for storage & warehousing (Class I to IV or Plastic) Storage Heights Storage Arrangements (Rack vs Palletized) Specialty products / risks (aerosols, etc.)
- 31. The Decision Tree Determine Occupancy Storage or Warehousing Use NFPA 13 Occupancy Tables See Appendix A Commodity Class 1,2,3,4 or Plastics See Appendix B Temperatures above 400F Use wet pipe Temperatures between 00F and 400F Use drypipe Temperatures below 00F Use pre-action Storage > 12 foot Use NFPA 231C See Appendix D Rack Storage Idle Pallets Aerosols Motor Oils Vegetable Oils Other Flammable Liquids Tires Rolled Paper NFPA 231 NFPA 30B NFPA 30 NFPA 30 NFPA 231D NFPA 231F Use NFPA 231 See Appendix C) Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No
- 32. The Decision Tree - Example The Details: Dry Grocery Warehouse Cereal, paper towels, pop canned food products New building 25 ‘ high roof 20 feet high storage Product palletized in solid piles (no racks)
- 33. Water Supplies Public Supply & Booster Pumps Gravity Tanks (Water Towers) Pressure Tanks Suction Tanks or reservoirs with Fire Pumps
- 35. The Fire Pump
- 36. Typical Fire Department Connection
- 39. P I V Post indicator Valve
- 40. OS&Y Outside Stem & Yoke Valve
- 41. Butterfly Valve w/ Tamper Wiring
- 44. Typical Inspector’s Test Connection Dry Pipe System Shown - Wet Pipe System is Similar
- 45. Dry System Auxiliary Drain
- 46. Typical Air Maintenance Arrangement for Dry Pipe System from Separate Air Compressor
- 48. Typical Plant Fire Protection System
- 49. Sprinkler System Inspection, Test, and Maintenance National Fire Protection Association Standard #25