standard 4
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This document provides guidance on essay writing skills. It discusses that [1] tenses, subject-verb agreement, and spelling are important grammar areas, [2] brainstorming ideas, organizing paragraphs, and proofreading are steps to improve essays, and [3] the format, language style, and elements of letters differ between formal and informal letters.
standard 4
- 1. ASTRO TUTOR TV SPM ONLINE LIVE TUTORIAL ENGLISH 28 Oct 2012
- 2. ENGLISH QUESTION #1 Which grammar areas are important in essay writing?
- 3. ENGLISH When writing an essay, grammar use is very important. The areas are: TENSES -Past tense is usually used in a narrative essay (recount of events) -Present tense is usually used in an argumentative essay and descriptive essay (present issue) -Future tense is very seldom used in an essay
- 4. ENGLISH SVA (SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT) E.g: John likes to watch movies. John and Jane like to watch movies. Harris has a cat named Graymulkin. Harris and Izman have pet cats. * Singular subject takes singular verbs, plural subjects take plural verbs
- 5. ENGLISH Other examples of SVA Was (singular verb) / were (plural verb) is (singular verb) / are (plural verb) SVA with collective nouns E.g: Police Audience Couple Government Team (plural verbs) The police are looking for the criminal.
- 6. ENGLISH Spelling Familiarize yourself with spelling of the verbs according to the tenses Past tense - /d/ /ed/ /t/ or no change at all Present simple - /s/ Perfect / participle - /n/ /en/ /t/ /ed/ /d/ or no change at all
- 7. ENGLISH QUESTION #2 How do I improve my essay writing?
- 8. ENGLISH STEP 1: Choose a topic that gives you more freedom -More creative -less rigid -power to determine where it is going
- 9. ENGLISH STEP 2: -Brainstorm ideas using keywords from the chosen option -Organize ideas into introduction, body paragraph and conclusion -If you are writing a narrative essay, think about the climax or surprise ending
- 10. ENGLISH STEP 3: -Write away - When writing, include adjectives so your descriptions come alive -Insert a few idioms / proverbs when necessary -Write in paragraphs -Observe grammar use
- 11. ENGLISH STEP 4: -Re-read your essay -Look for and correct errors (spelling, choice of words and grammar) - Check for any missing points -Once you are satisfied, hand in your essay
- 12. ENGLISH QUESTION #3 How do I write a letter?
- 13. ENGLISH -Two types of letter writing; informal and formal To who and which one? -Formal (people of authority, organizations, request or complain to a company) -Informal (parents, relatives, friends)
- 14. ENGLISH QUICK LOOK AT FORMAT ITEMS FORMAL INFORMAL Address Left-hand side Right-hand side Start with Dear Dear Nora Sir/madam Title Yes No End with Yours faithfully Yours truly / love, etc
- 15. ENGLISH WRITING IT Language Formal Informal Language Deliberate, Friendly, style direct relaxed For example, opening of a letter: It has come to our attention that your company…….(formal) Hi! How do you do? It’s been a while since we last met….(informal)
- 16. ENGLISH WRITING IT -Use all the points given -Elaborate all the points (it doesn’t have to be a long elaboration) E.g SPM 2011 Rest ankle – don’t walk (simple elaboration: rest your ankle when it is hurt. Sit down and don’t walk) – no changes in notes - Recheck work
- 17. ENGLISH QUESTION #4 How do I get high marks in novel? (No matter what novel you are studying)
- 18. ENGLISH Make sure you have understood 1.Characters and characterizations 2.Themes / issues 3.Plot Question is based on any of the above or a combination
- 19. ENGLISH Discuss at least three points Each point must be supported by evidence Be careful of Factual Error Conclude your answer
- 20. ENGLISH Introduction template: The novel I have studied is …………… …………. It is written by ………………… The novel is about …………………………… In my opinion……………………………….
- 21. - The End -