Standard libraries
- 3. The C++ Standard arrangement Libraries STL had three basic components - Package Generic class arrangement for storing collection of data. Method Generic function arrangement for operating on containers. Emphasize Generalized ‘smart’ pointers that facilitate use of package They provide an interface that is needed for method to operate on packages String abstraction was added during standardization.
- 4. In 1990, Alex of Hewlett Packard Laboratories extended C++ with a library of fine and operations arrangement which has come to be known as the Standard . In 1994, was adopted as part of ANSI/ISO Standard C++.
- 5. Use of STL STL offers an assortment of Packages STL publicizes the time and storage complexity of its packages STL packages grow and shrink in size automatically STL provides built-in algorithms for processing packages STL provides emphasize that make the packages and methods flexible and efficient. STL is extensible which means that users can add new packages and new methods such that: STL methods can process STL packages as well as user defined packages User defined method can process STL packages as well user defined packages
- 6. Strings In C we used char * to represent a string. The C++ standard library provides a common implementation of a string fine entrancement named string.
- 7. #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main() { // create string „str‟ = “Hello world!” string str = “Hello World!”; cout << str << endl; return 0; }
- 8. Creating strings string str = “some text”; or string str(“some text”); other ways: string s1(7,„a‟); string s2 = s1;
- 9. The size method str.size() ??? In C we had structs containing only data, In C++, we have : class string { … public: … unsigned int size(); … };
- 10. String assignment To assign one string to another use the “=“ operator. string str1 = “Sgt. Pappers”; string str2 = “lonely hearts club bend”; str2 = str1; Now : str2 equals “Sgt. Pappers”
- 11. Containers Data structures that hold anything (other objects). list: doubly linked list. vector: similar to a C array, but dynamic. map: set of ordered key/value pairs. Set: set of ordered keys.
- 12. Vector Provides an alternative to the built in array. A vector is self grown. Use It instead of the built in array!