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Structure of
Predication
Reporter:
EDmgt 604
Grammatical Structure of English
subject professor:
Definition of
Predication
Predication is a fundamental concept in
linguistics that refers to the relationship
between a subject and a predicate in a
sentence. The subject is the entity about which
something is said, and the predicate is what is
said about the subject.
Basic Structure of
Predication
The most basic structure of a predication
is:
Subject + Predicate
The jet plane landed yesterday.
Subject: The jet plane
Predicate: landed yesterday
Subject
1.The school implemented new teaching
methods to enhance student engagement.
2. The professor who teaches English grammar
and specializes in linguistics is known for her
This is the noun, noun phrase, or pronoun that
indicates what the sentence is about. It can be
simple (a single noun) or complex (including
modifiers).
Components of Predication
Components of Predication
Predicate
The predicate contains the verb and provides information
about the subject. It typically includes:
• Verb: The teacher explained the lesson.
Verb: explained
• Objects: The students completed their assignments.
Object: their assignments (direct object)
• Complements: She is a talented musician.
Complement: a talented musician (noun complement)
• Modifiers: The professor gave a detailed lecture on grammar.
Modifier: detailed (modifies the noun "lecture")
Components of Predication
Predicate
The professor assigned the students a challenging project
with an encouraging deadline.
• Verb: assigned
• Object: the students
• Complement: a challenging
project
• Modifier: challenging
Types of Predicates
A simple predicate consists of only the main verb or
verb phrase in a sentence. It expresses the core action
or state of being without any additional details, such
as objects or modifiers.
1. The dog barks.
2. She studies.
3. They laughed.
4. Birds fly.
5. The sun shines.
1.Simple Predicates
Types of Predicates
A compound predicate contains two or more verbs
or verb phrases that share the same subject, typically
connected by coordinating conjunctions like "and,"
"or," or "but."
1.She sings and dances.
2. The children laughed and played in the park.
3. I will finish my homework and watch a movie.
4. She loves to read and often writes poetry.
2. Compound
Predicates
Types of Predicates
Consists of a main verb and one or more auxiliary
(helping) verbs.
1.She has been studying.
2. They are planning a surprise party.
3.The dog has been barking all night.
4. He will have completed the report by tomorrow.
5. I am learning to play the guitar.
3. Complex Predicates
Types of Predicates
A combination of a compound predicate and additional
elements, such as objects or complements.
1.He ran and jumped over the fence.
2.She has finished her homework and is preparing for
the exam."
3.They have been practicing every day, but they still feel
nervous."
4. I will have cleaned the house and cooked dinner by
4. Compound - Complex
Predicates
Types of Predicates
Involves a noun or noun phrase that provides
information about or describes the subject
1.He is a doctor.
2.My brother is an engineer.
3. They are my friends.
4. The winner was Sarah.
5.Her favorite color is blue.
5. Nominal Predicates
Types of Predicates
Contains an adjective or adjective phrase that
describes the subject.
1.The soup tastes delicious.
2.The test seems difficult.
3.The weather is getting colder.
4.The flowers are beautiful.
5. He is tired after the long day.
6. Adjectival Predicates
Types of Predicates
Involves a linking verb and a prepositional phrase
that provides additional information about the
subject.
1.The book is on the table.
2.They were at the party last night.
3.The documents are in the drawer.
4.The cat is under the bed.
5.The cat is sleeping beside the fireplace.
7. Prepositional Predicates
Types of Predicates
Includes a verb along with any complements and
modifiers.
1. She gave him a gift.
2.The teacher explained the lesson
clearly.
3. We saw the movie last night.
8. Verbal Predicates
Types of Predicates
based on its structure
1.Simple
Predicate
2.Compound
Predicate
3.Complex
Predicate
5. Nominal
Predicate
6. Adjectival
Predicate
7. Prepositional
Predicate
Syntactic Structure of
Predicates
The basic structure of predication often follows the
Subject-Predicate order:
• Declarative Sentences: Typically follow the S-V
(Subject-Verb) pattern
e.g., The cat sleeps.
• Interrogative Sentences: Often invert this order to
form questions
e.g., Is the cat sleeping?
• Imperative Sentences: Sometimes omit the subject
entirely
e.g., Sit down.
Conclusion
The structure of predication is essential for
constructing meaningful sentences, involving
the interaction of subjects and predicates,
with various elements that provide depth and
clarity. Understanding this structure helps in
both comprehension and effective
communication.
Thank You

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Structure of Predication (A Report in Grammatical Structure of English).pptx

  • 1. Structure of Predication Reporter: EDmgt 604 Grammatical Structure of English subject professor:
  • 2. Definition of Predication Predication is a fundamental concept in linguistics that refers to the relationship between a subject and a predicate in a sentence. The subject is the entity about which something is said, and the predicate is what is said about the subject.
  • 3. Basic Structure of Predication The most basic structure of a predication is: Subject + Predicate The jet plane landed yesterday. Subject: The jet plane Predicate: landed yesterday
  • 4. Subject 1.The school implemented new teaching methods to enhance student engagement. 2. The professor who teaches English grammar and specializes in linguistics is known for her This is the noun, noun phrase, or pronoun that indicates what the sentence is about. It can be simple (a single noun) or complex (including modifiers). Components of Predication
  • 5. Components of Predication Predicate The predicate contains the verb and provides information about the subject. It typically includes: • Verb: The teacher explained the lesson. Verb: explained • Objects: The students completed their assignments. Object: their assignments (direct object) • Complements: She is a talented musician. Complement: a talented musician (noun complement) • Modifiers: The professor gave a detailed lecture on grammar. Modifier: detailed (modifies the noun "lecture")
  • 6. Components of Predication Predicate The professor assigned the students a challenging project with an encouraging deadline. • Verb: assigned • Object: the students • Complement: a challenging project • Modifier: challenging
  • 7. Types of Predicates A simple predicate consists of only the main verb or verb phrase in a sentence. It expresses the core action or state of being without any additional details, such as objects or modifiers. 1. The dog barks. 2. She studies. 3. They laughed. 4. Birds fly. 5. The sun shines. 1.Simple Predicates
  • 8. Types of Predicates A compound predicate contains two or more verbs or verb phrases that share the same subject, typically connected by coordinating conjunctions like "and," "or," or "but." 1.She sings and dances. 2. The children laughed and played in the park. 3. I will finish my homework and watch a movie. 4. She loves to read and often writes poetry. 2. Compound Predicates
  • 9. Types of Predicates Consists of a main verb and one or more auxiliary (helping) verbs. 1.She has been studying. 2. They are planning a surprise party. 3.The dog has been barking all night. 4. He will have completed the report by tomorrow. 5. I am learning to play the guitar. 3. Complex Predicates
  • 10. Types of Predicates A combination of a compound predicate and additional elements, such as objects or complements. 1.He ran and jumped over the fence. 2.She has finished her homework and is preparing for the exam." 3.They have been practicing every day, but they still feel nervous." 4. I will have cleaned the house and cooked dinner by 4. Compound - Complex Predicates
  • 11. Types of Predicates Involves a noun or noun phrase that provides information about or describes the subject 1.He is a doctor. 2.My brother is an engineer. 3. They are my friends. 4. The winner was Sarah. 5.Her favorite color is blue. 5. Nominal Predicates
  • 12. Types of Predicates Contains an adjective or adjective phrase that describes the subject. 1.The soup tastes delicious. 2.The test seems difficult. 3.The weather is getting colder. 4.The flowers are beautiful. 5. He is tired after the long day. 6. Adjectival Predicates
  • 13. Types of Predicates Involves a linking verb and a prepositional phrase that provides additional information about the subject. 1.The book is on the table. 2.They were at the party last night. 3.The documents are in the drawer. 4.The cat is under the bed. 5.The cat is sleeping beside the fireplace. 7. Prepositional Predicates
  • 14. Types of Predicates Includes a verb along with any complements and modifiers. 1. She gave him a gift. 2.The teacher explained the lesson clearly. 3. We saw the movie last night. 8. Verbal Predicates
  • 15. Types of Predicates based on its structure 1.Simple Predicate 2.Compound Predicate 3.Complex Predicate 5. Nominal Predicate 6. Adjectival Predicate 7. Prepositional Predicate
  • 16. Syntactic Structure of Predicates The basic structure of predication often follows the Subject-Predicate order: • Declarative Sentences: Typically follow the S-V (Subject-Verb) pattern e.g., The cat sleeps. • Interrogative Sentences: Often invert this order to form questions e.g., Is the cat sleeping? • Imperative Sentences: Sometimes omit the subject entirely e.g., Sit down.
  • 17. Conclusion The structure of predication is essential for constructing meaningful sentences, involving the interaction of subjects and predicates, with various elements that provide depth and clarity. Understanding this structure helps in both comprehension and effective communication.