![Initialization of structure at the time of declaration
Structure variables can also be initialized where they are
declared. The format used is as follows:
Eg.
struct book
{
char name[10] ;
float price ;
int pages ;
} ;
struct book b1 = { "Maths", 130.00, 550 } ;
struct book b2 = { "Physics", 150.80, 800 } ;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/structuresbmn-160405060746/85/Structures-bmn-4-320.jpg)
Structures bmn
- 1. Structures Definition: A structure is a collection of similar or different elements (data types) grouped together Structure Declaration: The general form of a structure declaration statement is given below: struct structure name { structure element 1 ; structure element 2 ; structure element 3 ; ...... ...... };
- 2. Structure variables: Once the structure is defined, structure variables can be declared as: struct structure_name variable 1, variable 2,……., variable n; E.g.: struct book { char name ; float price ; int pages ; }; struct book b1, b2, b3 ;
- 3. Rules of structure declaration • The closing brace in the structure type declaration must be followed by a semicolon. • It is important to understand that a structure type declaration does not tell the compiler to reserve any space in memory. All a structure declaration does is, it defines the ‘form’ of the structure. • Usually structure type declaration appears at the top of the source code file, before any variables or functions are defined.
- 4. Initialization of structure at the time of declaration Structure variables can also be initialized where they are declared. The format used is as follows: Eg. struct book { char name[10] ; float price ; int pages ; } ; struct book b1 = { "Maths", 130.00, 550 } ; struct book b2 = { "Physics", 150.80, 800 } ;
- 5. Accessing elements of structure Structures use a dot (.) operator to access individual elements. Eg: struct book { char name ; float price ; int pages ; } ; struct book b1, b2, b3 ; So to refer to pages of the structure defined we have to use, b1.pages Similarly, to refer to price we would use, b1.price Before the dot there must always be a structure variable and after the dot there must always be a structure element.
- 6. Storing Structure Elements Whatever be the elements of a structure, they are always stored in contiguous memory locations. Eg: struct book { char name; float price ; int pages ; } ; struct book b1 = { "C", 130.00, 550 } ; For the above structure, the elements are stored in memory as shown: Elements b1.name b1.price b1.pages Address 5001 5002 5006 C 130.00 550 C 130.00 550