![How to create a structure?
‘struct’ keyword is used to create a structure.
Following is an example.
struct address
{
char name[50];
char street[100];
char city[50];
char state[20];
int pin;
};](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/structuresinc-191209042542/85/Structures-in-c-4-320.jpg)
![What is an array of structures?
#include<stdio.h>
struct Point
{
int x, y;
};
int main()
{
struct Point arr[10]; // Create an Array of Structures
arr[0].x = 10; // Access Array Members
arr[0].y = 20;
printf("%d %d", arr[0].x, arr[0].y);
return 0;
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/structuresinc-191209042542/85/Structures-in-c-11-320.jpg)
Structures in c
- 1. Dr.J.Kalavathi.,M.Sc.,Ph.D., Assistant Professor Department of Information Technology V.V.Vanniaperumal College for Women, Virudhunagar.
- 2. What is a structure? A structure is a user defined data type. A structure creates a data type that can be used to group items of possibly different types into a single type. The variables are called members of the structure.
- 4. How to create a structure? ‘struct’ keyword is used to create a structure. Following is an example. struct address { char name[50]; char street[100]; char city[50]; char state[20]; int pin; };
- 5. How to declare structure variables? A structure variable can either be declared with structure declaration or as a separate declaration like basic types. // A variable declaration with structure declaration. struct Point { int x, y; } p1; // The variable p1 is declared with 'Point‘
- 6. How to declare structure variables? // A variable declaration like basic data types struct Point { int x, y; }; int main() { struct Point p1; // The variable p1 is declared like a normal variable }
- 7. How to initialize structure members? Structure members cannot be initialized with declaration. For example the following C program fails in compilation. struct Point { int x = 0; // COMPILER ERROR: cannot initialize members here int y = 0; // COMPILER ERROR: cannot initialize members here };
- 8. Structure members can be initialized using curly braces ‘{}’. For example, following is a valid initialization. struct Point { int x, y; }; int main() { // A valid initialization. member x gets value 0 and y // gets value 1. The order of declaration is followed. struct Point p1 = {0, 1}; }
- 9. How to access structure elements? Structure members are accessed using dot (.) operator. #include<stdio.h> struct Point { int x, y; }; int main() { struct Point p1 = {0, 1}; p1.x = 20; // Accessing members of point p1 printf ("x = %d, y = %d", p1.x, p1.y); return 0; }
- 10. Copying and Comparing Structure Variables Two variables of the same structure type can be copied in the same way as ordinary variables. If student1 and student2 belong to the same structure, then the following statements are valid: student1=student2; student2=student1; However, the statements such as: student1==student2 student1!=student2 are not permitted. • If we need to compare the structure variables, we may do so by comparing members individually.
- 11. What is an array of structures? #include<stdio.h> struct Point { int x, y; }; int main() { struct Point arr[10]; // Create an Array of Structures arr[0].x = 10; // Access Array Members arr[0].y = 20; printf("%d %d", arr[0].x, arr[0].y); return 0; }