Study of Dome Structure Using Finite Element-Based Software E-Tab for Dynamic Loading

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Study of Dome Structure Using Finite Element-Based Software E-Tab
for Dynamic Loading
(Ms.Anuradha Sontakke, Ms.Diksha Shinde, Ms.Vaishnavi Pioste, Mr.Rajkumar Naikwade,
Mr.Aniket)
----------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract—In recent years, there is been an increasing
number of structures using steel domes as it is one of the
most efficient shapes in the world. It covers maximum
volume with the minimum area with no interrupting
columns in the middle an efficient shape would be more
efficient and economic. Dome roofs are the lightest
structure to cover circular shapes. In this research paper,
the analysis of steel dome is examined using computer
software E-tabs. This paper conducts a deep study of major
features of structural analysis of E-tab software. E-tab
software has the analysis of its own features option, output
option, limitation, and advantages. Dome is one of the
powerful architectural representations. This element
resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere. In the age of
civilizations, the form of the dome was stuck in the public's
minds as an iconic sign of a sacred building, but in the
present time architects have built domes to achieve new
purposes using new building technologies. This paper,
therefore, investigates these technologies and outlines the
new role of domes following a scientific methodology. It is
an element of architecture that resembles the hollow
upper half of a sphere. The thickness of the dome is very
small compared to its other dimensions -it varies from
75mm to 150mm. A dome is a self-supporting structural
element that resembles the curved hollow upper half of a
sphere. A dome can rest directly upon walls, columns, a
drum, or a system of squinches or pendentives used to
support the transition of shape from a square
or rectangle to the round or polygonal base of the dome.
Keywords—Efficient shape, Economic, Lightweight
structure, E-tab
Introduction
Dome is one of the oldest and well established
structural forms and has been used in architecture since
ancient times. As the world's population is growing fast, it
is important to design urban living spaces according to the
needs of modern times. The main goal of this project is to
study the need for cheap housing in India, where the
maximum percentage of the population is still detained in
poverty. It also provides safety and is a cost-effective
shelter for middle-income people in households. To
achieve greater flexibility.
Dome structures have been proven to be long-lasting
efficient structures due to their capability to carry the
applied loads. The vertical loads will be resisted mainly by
the internal compression stresses and outer tension.
Importance of dome in the construction industry:
High strength: Dome structures are highly durable and
strong. If we talk about the strength and average building
life of dome structures, then their life is longer and
strength is more than only other types of structure in the
space frame industry.
Fireproof: After getting practical data from decades of
performing the firelighter test, it is concluded that domes
have more excellent fireproofing capability than other
similar structures.
Extremely energy efficient: Dome structure does not need
any interior support and thereby wide space inside them
cater them the advantage of more support.
Cost-effective & good structural integrity: Dome structure
comprises great structural tightness with minimal space
and structural components and its geometrical shape gives
an advantage to conserving energy in form of heat, which
makes the dome structure cost-effective.
Very Low Maintenance: Dome structures are
comparatively easier to maintain than any other building,
therefore the cost of maintenance on dome structures is
lesser.
Good Acoustic Quality: In Most places where sound needs
to travel continuously, dome structures are preferable to
other structures due to the good acoustic nature of dome
structures.
Resistant to adverse weather conditions: Due to their
hemispherical Structure and absence of angles, flat
surfaces make them highly resistant to adverse weather
conditions such as Storms, Hurricanes, etc.
Highly aesthetic and versatile: We at Hindustan are also
limited, one of the modern dome manufacturers uses the
combination of its basic features and the latest technology
to make the dome structure more appealing and highly
versatile in installation/reinstallation as well as in
maintenance.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Problem Statement
In real situations without calculation by software, it
might be difficult for the engineer to calculate all the
calculations starting from the foundation until the roof. The
calculation is consisting of long calculations to make sure
the design is safe and economical. Manual calculations can
cause a lot of mistakes. In this case, E-tab software is used
to analyze circular dome structures 50m in diameter. E-tab
is used to define the strength behavior of the element in the
dome structure by modeling and analyzing the dome
structure
The introduction of E-tab software has resulted in
considerable advanced in the analysis and design of any
structure. Therefore, it is a great encouragement to study
and understand the use and importance of software in
solving practical problems.
Literature Review
1) State of the Art Report – A Comparative Study of
Structural Analysis and Design Software – STAAD Pro,
SAP-2000 & ETABS Software.
Balwinder Lallotra #1, Dhirendra Singhal*2
(Professor and Chairperson, Department of Civil
Engineering, D.C.R. University of Science and Technology,
Murthal, India. April 2017)
This paper aims to conduct an in-depth study of the
major features of three structural analysis and design
software programs STAAD Pro, SAP-2000, and ETABS
software which are generally used. Each software program
has its features, analysis options, design and output options,
limitations, and advantages. The user must exploit all the
advantageous features of a particular software program but
also the software program should not be used beyond its
applicability to avoid any catastrophic failure. Therefore,
this paper discusses the main features of all these software
programs with an emphasis on the applicability and
limitations of this software. This will enable a designer to
choose the required software according to the
requirements of a structure with confidence.
2) Analysis and design of steel dome using the software.
Anju Chandivali
(Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
Chhotubai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology, Gujarat,
India-August 2016.)
In recent years, there have been an increasing
number of structures using steel domes of one of the most
efficient shapes in the world. It covers the maximum
volume with the minimum larger volumes with no
interrupting columns in the middle with efficient shapes
would be more efficient and economic. Dome roofs are the
lightest structure to cover circular shape
3) Structural Analysis of Dome Structure by STAAD Pro
Prof. Vishal Sapate1 and Gaurav Ghugare2
(Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering1P.G.
Student, Department of Civil Engineering2 G. H. Raisoni
University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India July-2021)
Dome is one of the oldest and most well-established
structural forms and has been used in architecture since
ancient times. They are of particular interest to engineers
because they cover the maximum amount of space with a
minimum surface and have proved to be very economical in
terms of the consumption of building materials. This paper
compares the dome with different spans and column
heights using STAAD-PRO software
4) An experimental and analytical study on dome forming
of seamless Al tube by spinning
N. Akkus a, M. Kawahara b.
(a Marmara University, Faculty of Technical Education,
Istanbul, Turkey Tokyo Metropolitan University, Graduate
School of Engineering, Tokyo, Japan Received 3 November
2004; accepted 3 November 2000)
The thickness distribution of a spin-formed dome in an Al-
pressure vessel was studied experimentally and a simple
formulation to predict the thickness distribution of the
dome was proposed. The thickness of the boss part of the
dome may not be sufficient after forming operations Thus,
a two-step spin forming of the Al tube end closure was
proposed to improve and thicken the boss. First, the boss
was deformed to a diameter smaller than the desired one.
Experimental work was carried out to compare the
thickness distribution obtained with the conventional
process and use the proposed two-step spin-forming
process. A simple analytical model, which was based on
geometrical shape changes and an assumption of material
constancy during forming, was formulated to predict the
final thickness distribution of the dome. The results
indicate that the proposed two-step spin forming provides
a greater boss thickness than that of conventional forming.
4) Finite element analysis of a geodesic dome structure
by using STAAD PRO software
Mohamad Aidil bin Abd Kasim
(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources
University Malaysia Pahang)
Finite element analysis (FEA) has become commonplace in
recent years and is now widely used in the construction
industry during the analysis and design of a structure.

Numerical solutions to very complicated stress problems
can now be obtained routinely using FEA. The Dome
structure is unique due to the ability to withstand a larger
span with minimum interference. Geodesic domes are
efficient structure because it consists of the triangular
element along the hemisphere to resist the load. The
Triangle element is the most effective shape in a truss and
the combination of the triangle element the and dome
makes a geodesic dome a strong structure to resist the
load. STAAD-Pro software is based on finite element
analysis and this software is widely used in industry
because it is accurate during the analysis of a structure by
using the finite element method (FEM). This study is about
analysis of the structural behavior of the Geodesic Dome
Structure by using STAAD-Pro Software to determine the
maximum deflection and all the reaction force on the
structure when the load is applied to the model
5) Analysis and design of steel dome using the software.
Anju Chandivali (Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering
Department, Chhotubai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of
Technology, Gujarat, India-August 2016.)
In recent years, there have been an increasing number of
structures using steel domes of oof of the most efficient
shapes in the world. It covers the maximum volume with
the minimum
larger volumes with no interrupting columns in the middle
with an efficient shape would be more efficient and
economic. Dome roofs are the lightest structure to cover
circular shapes. Dome can be used when the internal
pressure is higher; do not have problems with mounting an
internal floating of Supplementary foundations are not
necessary for dome roofs. In other words, always when it
is possible the dome roofs are recommended. In this
research paper, the analysis of steel ds was examined by
the use of the computer software STAAD-Pro. For the
analysis of different diameters of the steel tube member
and the behavior of the steel.
6) State of the Art Report – A Comparative Study of
SAP-2000 & ETABS Software.
Balwinder Lallotra 1, Dhirendra Singhal2
(Professor and Chairperson, Department of Civil
This paper aims to conduct an in-depth study of the major
features of three structural analysis and design software
programs STAAD Pro, SAP-2000, and ETABS software
which are generally used. Each software program has its
features, analysis options, design and output options,
limitations, and advantages. The user must exploit all the
advantageous features of a particular software program
but also the software program should not be used beyond
its applicability to avoid any catastrophic failure.
Therefore, this paper discusses the main features of all
these software programs with an emphasis on the
applicability and limitations of
this software. This will enable a designer to choose the
required software according to the requirements of a
structure with confidence.
7) Seismic response analysis of K8 pattern single-layer
reticulated Domes under vertical rare earthquakes
De-Min Weia, Sheng-Fu GAO b
(School of civil engineering and transportation, South
China University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of
Subtropical Building Science, Guangzhou and 510640,
China. December 2017)
The nonlinear response of K8 pattern single-layer
reticulated domes of different rise-span ratios under
vertical rare earthquakes are analyzed by using the
dynamic time-history analysis method and the pseudo-
static elasto-plastic analysis method. A comparison of these
analysis results indicates that the structural members
would be in different plastic deformation states under
vertical rare earthquakes because of different rise-span
ratios. The analysis results of the dynamic time-history
method indicates that the vertical displacement response
decreases with the increase of the rise-span ratio in the
condition of the same member section. Through the
comparison of the analytical results of the pseudo-static
elasto-plastic analysis with the analytical results of
dynamic time-history analysis, it is found that the
difference of plastic members and region and error of the
vertical displacement response, which may be a reference
for future vertical seismic study of single-layer reticulated
domes.
Methodology
The theoretical background discussed so far represents the
backbone of the methodology we have applied to some of
the relevant domed structures in the world.
As mentioned in the paper, domes are difficult to
investigate and analyze. Throughout history, many methods
have been applied to measure their surface and to assess
their geometry and shape. Whereas, domes are quite
difficult even to reach.
Step 1-Topic Name -Comparative Analysis of Dome
Structure using Finite Element based on Software E-tab
and Staad for Dynamic Analysis.
Step 2-What is Dome and its types?
Dome- Hemispherical structure evolved from the arch,
usually forming a ceiling /roof.

Types- Geodesic dome, Onion dome, Hemispherical
dome.
Step 3-Type of dome used in the project
Step 4- Hemispherical dome
Step 5-Design the dome using the software E-tab.
Step 6- Steps to design the dome-
Using AutoCAD to create the semicircle by providing
Coordinates.
Save the file in AutoCAD
Import it to E-tabs
Select the semicircle and edit
Extrude frame to the shell
Radial extrusion
Select angle midpoint
Apply
Step 7-applying dynamic load to the Dome
Step 8-To analyze the dome
Step 9- analyze and see what changes occur
Step 10- Final result
Conclusion
[1] The dome is one of the best architectural solutions to
cover universal space containing multi functions in
one enclosure.
[2] Now it has become easier to analyze the dome
structure Using ETABS software.
[3] In this study, we have created a dome model.
[4] ETABS is specialized in the analysis of the structure
[5] The dome structure allows for a wide variety of floor
plans design because it needs no interior support.
REFERENCES
[1] State of the Art Report – A Comparative Study of
SAP-2000 & ETABS Software.Balwinder Lallotra #1,
Dhirendra Singhal*2 (Professor and Chairperson,
Department of Civil Engineering, D.C.R. University of
Science and Technology, Murthal, India. April 2017)
[2]Study of Interior Beam-Column Joint under Seismic
Effect, International Journal for Scientific Research and
Development, IJSRDV8I100164 Vol.7, Issue 4,01/07/2019
[3] Presented paper on Performance of Beam-Column Joint
using Non-conventional Reinforcement Technique under
Cyclic load, International Conference on Innovative
Research in Mechanical, Electrical, Electronics, Civil,
Computer Science and Information Technology(MECIT-
2015),17-18 May 2015, Organized by Krishi Sanskriti,
Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi (with Dr. S. N.
Khante and Aniket V. Nemade)
[4] State of the Art Report - A Comparative Study of
Structural Analysis and Design Software - STAAD Pro, SAP-
2000 & ETABS Software. Balwinder Lallotra #1, Dhirendra
Singhal 2 (Professor and Chairperson, Department of Civil

[5] Comparative Study of Structural Software Sap2000 and
Staad Pro. Lelisa Nemo Nura, Jay Prakash Pandit (M.Tech
student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University (JNTUH), Hyderabad, India, April
2019)
[6] Dynamic Response Of Braced Domes Under Earthquake
Load. Ihab Sabri (International Journal of Scientific and
Engineering Research, April 2018.)

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