subneting-cnnnnnnnnccccccccccccccccc.pdf

© 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Presentation_ID 1
8.2 IPv6 Network
Addresses

Presentation_ID 2
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address Representation
 128 bits in length and written as a string of hexadecimal values
 In IPv6, 4 bits represents a single hexadecimal digit, 32 hexadecimal
value = IPv6 address
2001:0DB8:0000:1111:0000:0000:0000:0200
FE80:0000:0000:0000:0123:4567:89AB:CDEF
 Hextet used to refer to a segment of 16 bits or four hexadecimals
 Can be written in either lowercase or uppercase

Presentation_ID 3
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address Representation (cont.)

Presentation_ID 4
IPv6 Addressing
Rule 1- Omitting Leading 0s
 The first rule to help reduce the notation of IPv6 addresses is any
leading 0s (zeros) in any 16-bit section or hextet can be omitted.
 01AB can be represented as 1AB.
 09F0 can be represented as 9F0.
 0A00 can be represented as A00.
 00AB can be represented as AB.

Presentation_ID 5
IPv6 Addressing
Rule 2 - Omitting All 0 Segments
 A double colon (::) can replace any single, contiguous string of one or
more 16-bit segments (hextets) consisting of all 0’s.
 Double colon (::) can only be used once within an address otherwise
the address will be ambiguous.
 Known as the compressed format.
 Incorrect address - 2001:0DB8::ABCD::1234.

Presentation_ID 6
IPv6 Addressing
Rule 2 - Omitting All 0 Segments (cont.)
Example #1
Example #2

Presentation_ID 7
Types of IPv6 Addresses
IPv6 Prefix Length
 IPv6 does not use the dotted-decimal subnet mask notation
 Prefix length indicates the network portion of an IPv6 address using
the following format:
 IPv6 address/prefix length
 Prefix length can range from 0 to 128
 Typical prefix length is /64

Presentation_ID 8
IPv6 Address Types
There are three types of IPv6 addresses:
 Unicast
 Multicast
 Anycast.
Note: IPv6 does not have broadcast addresses.

Presentation_ID 9
IPv6 Unicast Addresses
Unicast
 Uniquely identifies
an interface on an
IPv6-enabled
device.
 A packet sent to a
unicast address is
received by the
interface that is
assigned that
address.

Presentation_ID 10
IPv6 Unicast Addresses (cont.)

Presentation_ID 11
Global Unicast
 Similar to a public IPv4 address
 Globally unique
 Internet routable addresses
 Can be configured statically or assigned dynamically
Link-local
 Used to communicate with other devices on the same local link
 Confined to a single link; not routable beyond the link

Presentation_ID 12
Loopback
 Used by a host to send a packet to itself and cannot be assigned to a
physical interface.
 Ping an IPv6 loopback address to test the configuration of TCP/IP on
the local host.
 All-0s except for the last bit, represented as ::1/128 or just ::1.
Unspecified Address
 All-0’s address represented as ::/128 or just ::
 Cannot be assigned to an interface and is only used as a source
address.
 An unspecified address is used as a source address when the device
does not yet have a permanent IPv6 address or when the source of
the packet is irrelevant to the destination.

Presentation_ID 13
Unique Local
 Similar to private addresses for IPv4.
 Used for local addressing within a site or between a limited
number of sites.
 In the range of FC00::/7 to FDFF::/7.
IPv4 Embedded (not covered in this course)
 Used to help transition from IPv4 to IPv6.

Presentation_ID 14
IPv6 Link-Local Unicast Addresses
 Every IPv6-enabled network interface is REQUIRED to have a link-
local address
 Enables a device to communicate with other IPv6-enabled devices
on the same link and only on that link (subnet)
 FE80::/10 range, first 10 bits are 1111 1110 10xx xxxx
 1111 1110 1000 0000 (FE80) - 1111 1110 1011 1111 (FEBF)

Presentation_ID 15
IPv6 Link-Local Unicast Addresses (cont.)
Packets with a
source or
destination link-local
address cannot be
routed beyond the
link from where the
packet originated.

Presentation_ID 16
Structure of an IPv6 Global Unicast Address
 IPv6 global unicast addresses are globally unique and routable on the
IPv6 Internet
 Equivalent to public IPv4 addresses
 ICANN allocates IPv6 address blocks to the five RIRs

Presentation_ID 17
Structure of an IPv6 Global Unicast Address (cont.)
Currently, only global unicast addresses with the first three bits of 001 or
2000::/3 are being assigned

Presentation_ID 18
A global unicast address has three parts: Global Routing Prefix, Subnet
ID, and Interface ID.
 Global Routing Prefix is the prefix or network portion of the address
assigned by the provider, such as an ISP, to a customer or site,
currently, RIR’s assign a /48 global routing prefix to customers.
 2001:0DB8:ACAD::/48 has a prefix that indicates that the first 48 bits
(2001:0DB8:ACAD) is the prefix or network portion.

Presentation_ID 19
 Subnet ID is used by an organization to identify subnets within its site
 Interface ID
 Equivalent to the host portion of an IPv4 address.
 Used because a single host may have multiple interfaces, each
having one or more IPv6 addresses.

Presentation_ID 20
Static Configuration of a Global Unicast Address

Presentation_ID 21
Static Configuration of an IPv6 Global Unicast Address
(cont.)
Windows
IPv6
Setup

Presentation_ID 22
IPv6 Global Unicast Addresses
Verifying IPv6 Address Configuration (cont.)

Presentation_ID 23

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