Sulpahte resisting concrete ppt
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- 2. Sulphate Resistance Of Terinary Blended Fiber Reinforced concrete TEAM MEMBERS M.SANTHOSH (13831A0166) S.NIVEDITHA (13831A0197) S.MAHENDER (14835A0116) T.CHANTI ( 14835A0119) GUIDE: Mr.VENKATESH WADKI ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
- 3. ABSTRACT Higher concentration of sulphate in ground waters are generally due to the presence of magnesium and alkali sulphates. Sea water contains sodium, magnesium and calcium sulphate in the dissolved form. sulphate attack is a common occurrence in soil and sea water environments. Micro silica is used to improve the durability and strength characteristics of concrete. In this Project laboratory tests have been conducted to study durability and strength properties of concrete which contains ternary blends of Portland cement,silica fume,fly ash and recron fibers.After casting the cubes ,half of the cubes are have to be tested by without immersing in magnesium sulphate solution .and remaining half are tested after immersing in magnesium sulphate solution.
- 4. OBJECTIVE To Know the effect of replacement of cement with FLYASH AND MICROSILICA for SULPHATE RESISTANCE To study the effect of replacement of Sand with STONE DUST for SULPHATE RESISTANCE To evaluate Tensile strength of sulphate attacked concrete by adding Recron PolyPropylene Fiber To evaluate the compressive strength of high grade concrete by exposing it to magnesium sulphate environment for 8 weeks To study and evaluate the weight loss of concrete that contains terinary blends of Portland cement,microsilica and flyash and Recron fiber by immersing in magnesium sulphate solution about 8 weeks To evaluate the change in dimension of concrete by exposing it magnesium sulphate solution environment about 8 weeks
- 5. CONSTITUENTS OF PROJECT CEMENT FLYASH MICROSILICA SAND STONE DUST COARSE AGGREGATE RECRON POLYPROPYLENE FIBER
- 6. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT Concrete’s versatility, durability, sustainability, and economy have made it the world’s most widely used construction material. The term concrete refers to a mixture of aggregates, usually sand, and either gravel or crushed stone, held together by a binder of cementitious paste. The paste is typically made up of portland cement and water and may also contain supplementary cementing materials (SCMs), such as fly ash ,micro silica , slag cement, and chemical admixtures etc Understanding the fundamentals of concrete is necessary to produce quality concrete. This publication covers the materials used in concrete and the essentials required to design and control concrete mixtures for a wide variety of structures.
- 7. . Concrete is most used construction material because of ease of construction and its properties like compressive strength and durability. It is difficult to point out another material of construction which is versatile as concrete.it is well known that plain concrete is not good to sulphate resistance Most of the soils contain some sulphate in the form of calcium,sodium,potassium and magnesium.higher concentration of sulphate in ground water are generally due to the presence of magnesium and alkali sulphates. Sea water contains the sodium ,magnesium and calcium
- 8. . Several admixtures have been developed to improve the strength and workability properties of concrete. of all admixtures used in concrete micro silica occupies a special position for a quite reasons as follows: The improvement in durability resistance to chloride,sulphate,freezing and thawing ,alkali aggregate reaction ,frost attack ,increase in compressive strength, reduces the permeability and bleeding. Micro silica effectively improve the structure of interface eliminate the weakness of the interfacial zone.In the past, attempt has been made to improve sulphate resistance of concrete.
- 9. LITERATURE REVIEW Effect of replacement of Cement by Micro silica – in Sulphate resistance of concrete (WPFRC) Concrete – An experimental investigation-by Prahallada M. C1, Prakash K.B2. Conclusion: The maximum replacement of microsilica is of 10% for M30 grade Concrete Experimental -Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica Fume) and Fly Ash as Partial Cement Replacement of sulphate resistance Concrete –by-Magudeaswaran P1, Eswaramoorthi P2. Conclusion : Due to use of the micro silica in a OPC concrete the life of that Concrete is increase 4-5 times than the OPC concrete
- 10. . Dikeon JT, "Fly Ash Increases Resistance of Concrete to Sulphate Attack", United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation. Conclusion: Reduced expansion of concretes containing 30% fly ash and improved sulphate resistance afforded by fly ash use. Dunstan ER, "A Spec Odyssey – Sulphate Resistant Concrete for the 80's", United States Department of the Interior, Water and Power Resources Service, March, 1980. Conclusion :Flyash reduces the susceptibility of concrete to attack by Magnesium sulphate by removal of Ca(OH)2.
- 11. Franklin eric kujur, Vikas Srivastava, V.C. Agarwal, Denis and Ahsan Ali (2014) “Stone dust as partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete” Conclusion :Optimum replacement level of natural river sand with stone dust is 60%. However , strength of concrete made using stone dust is higher at every replacement level than the referral concrete. Suribabu, U.Rangaraju, M. Ravindra Krishna (2015) "Behaviour of Concrete on Replacement of Sand with Quaries Stone Dust as Fine Aggregate Conclusion: Concrete acquires maximum increase in compressive strength at 60% sand replacement. The percentage of increase in strength with respect to control concrete is 24.04 & 6.10 in M30 and M35 respectively
- 12. ACI Committee 544, State-of-The-Art Report on Fiber Reinforced Concrete, ACI 544 1.R-96 Conclusion: The compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity increase with the addition of fiber content as compared with conventional concrete. Peng Zhang and Qingfu Li (2013) ‘Fracture Properties of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Containing Fly Ash and Silica Fume Conclusion: The durability of concrete improves and addition of polypropylene fibers greatly improves the fracture parameters of concrete
- 14. METHODOLOGY Putting full stop to the conventional concerte by using different supplementary cementitious maerials like fly ash and microsilica and also with addition of fiber which helps in resisting sulphate attack on concrete Total 36 cubes(150*150*150 mm) of M30 and M35 are made and compressive strength is measured for 18 cubes at different ages of 3,7,28 days. Remaining 18 cubes are immersed in the 5% concentration of Magnesium Sulphate solution and calculate the weights , compressive strength and change in dimension of cubes And 21 rectangular prisms are made of dimension (50*10*10cm) and 3 prisms are tested against tensile strength at the age of 28 days of curing and remaining 18 are immersed in the 5%magnesium sulphate solution and evaluate the weight loss,change in dimension and tensile strength at age of 15 ,30, 60 days
- 15. APPLICATIONS FOUNDATIONS,PILES BASEMENTS AND UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES SEWAGE AND WATER TREATMENT PLANTS CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES COASTAL WORKS CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING ALONG THE COASTAL AREA WITHIN 50KM FROM SEA
- 16. , CONCRETE AFTER SULPHATE ATTACK The performance of a concrete specimen is determined by one or more of the following properties: expansion, mass loss or spalling, and the loss of compressive and flexural strength with time. The degradation indicators of failure would be that one or more of the above
- 17. . DURING SULPHATE ATTACK The timeline of the concrete degradation due to sulfate attack could be summarized in the following manner:• Penetration of the sulfate ions into the specimen, either by absorption or by diffusion, depending on the saturation level of the specimen. • Sulphate ions react with the cement hydration products to form gypsum and ettringite, or, in general, to modify the structure of C-S-H. This reaction leads to the destruction of the hydration products that constitute the backbone of the cement paste, which forms the matrix of the concrete.
- 18. REACTIONS OCCURRED DURING SULPHATE ATTACK IN CONCRETE Sulphate reacts with Calcium hyroxide and forms C3A and forms ETTRIGNITE and GYPSUM Ca(OH)2 + MgSO4 - CaSo4+Mg(OH)2 C3AH13 + 3CS- --C3A.3CS-3H+CH ETTRIGNITE occupies more volume lead in to disruption of concrete Magnesium sulphate reacts with ca(OH)2 forming CaSO4 &Mg(OH)2. CaSO4 Leads to FORMATION OF Ettringite C-S-H is unstable in Mg(OH)2 ,C-S-H decomposes and Mg-S-H formed has no binding property White crystals of gypsum and cracking, spalling of concrete
- 19. MIX DESIGNS OF CONCRETE WATER: CEMENT: FINE AGGREGATE: COARSE AGGREGATE M30=0.439: 1 : 1.13 :2.63 M35=0.38: 1 :1.03 :1.84
- 20. STUDY ON FOLLOWING CONCRETES CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE CEMENT SAND COARSE AGGREGATE 20mmpassing,12.5 retained(60%) 12.5mmpassing,10 retained(40%) CONCRETE WITH REPLACEMENT CEMENT SAND Coarse Aggregate FLYASH=30% STONE DUST=60% 20mmpassing,12.5 retained(60%) MICRO SILICA=10% 12.5mmpassing,10 retained(40%)
- 21. CONCRETE WITH REPLACEMENT BY ADDITION OF FIBERS CEMENT MICRO SILICA=10% FLYASH =30% FINE AGGREGATE STONE DUST =60% COARSE AGGREGATE POLYPROPYLENE FIBER 20mm passing,12.5 retained =60% 1M3 =900gr 12.5mm passing,10mm retained =40%
- 30. RESULTS OF MATERIALS TESTING CEMENT Specific gravity=2.9 Normal consistency=28% Initial setting time =30 min Final setting time=600 min FLYASH specific gravity =2.5 MICRO SILICA specific gravity =2.2 SAND specific gravity =2.6 COARSE AGGREGATE Specific gravity =2.7 crushing value of aggregate=30%
- 31. S.NO PROPERTY TEST RESULTS IS STANDARDS 1 Normal Consistency 27.5% 2 Initial Setting Time 50 min 30 min 3 Final Setting Time 250 min 600 min 4 Specific Gravity 2.95 3.15 5 Soundness(Le-Chateliers method) 3mm 10 mm Maximum S.NO PROPERTY TEST RESULTS IS STANDARDS 1 Normal Consistency 27.5% 2 Initial Setting Time 50 min 30 min 3 Final Setting Time 250 min 600 min 4 Specific Gravity 2.95 3.15 5 Soundness(Le-Chateliers method) 3mm 10 mm Maximum TEST RESULTS ON CEMENT:S.NO PROPERTY TEST RESULTS IS STANDARDS 1 Normal Consistency 27.5% 2 Initial Setting Time 50 min 30 min 3 Final Setting Time 250 min 600 min 4 Specific Gravity 2.95 3.15 5 Soundness(Le-Chateliers method) 3mm 10 mm Maximum S.NO PROPERTY TEST RESULTS IS STANDARDS 1 Normal Consistency 27.5% 2 Initial Setting Time 50 min 30 min 3 Final Setting Time 250 min 600 min 4 Specific Gravity 2.95 3.15 5 Soundness(Le-Chateliers method) 3mm 10 mm Maximum TEST RESULTS ON CEMENT:
- 32. S.NO PROPERTY TEST RESULTS IS STANDARDS 1 Normal consistency 31.5% 50% 2 Specific gravity 1.95 1.9-2.8 3 Fineness 6.5% TEST RESULTS OF FLYASH .
- 33. TEST RESULTS OF MICRO SILICA S.NO PROPERTY TEST RESULTS IS STANDARDS 1 Normal consistency 30.5% 32% 2 Specific gravity 2.2 2.2-2.3 3 Fineness 5.5
- 34. S.no Property Result 1 Crushing Strength 28% 2 Elongation Index 16% 3 Flakiness Index 18.01% 4 Impact Test 30% 6 Specific gravity 2.7
- 35. S.no Property Results 1 Sieve Analysis Zone III 2 Bulking of Sand by Volume Method 33.3% 3 Specific gravity 2.53 4 Bulk Density 1613 kg/m3 TEST RESULTS ON RIVER SAND
- 36. S.no Property Results 1 Sieve Analysis Zone III 2 Bulking of Sand by Volume Method 33.3% 3 Specific gravity 2.53 4 Bulk Density 1613 kg/m3 TEST RESULTS OF STONE DUST
- 37. M30 (0.43:1:13:2.63) Compressive strength (N/mm2) 3 Days 7 Days 28 Days Normal 15.12 26.46 37.8 Replacement of cement and sand 16.32 27.74 40.8 Replacement of cement and sand and addition of fiber 17.77 31.1 44.44 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF M30 GRADE BEFORE IMMERSING IN MgSO4 SOLUTION
- 38. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 normal replacement of cement and sand replacement of cement sand and fiber COMPRESSIVESTRENGTH(N/mm2) DAYS COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF VARIOUS M30 CONCRETE MIXES BEFORE IMMERSING IN MgSO4 SOLUTION 3 days 7 days 28 days
- 39. M35 (0.38:1:1.03:1.84) Compressive strength (N/mm2) 3 Days 7 Days 28 Days Normal 19.45 29.4 43.24 Replacement of cement and sand 20.99 30.82 46.66 Replacement of cement and sand and addition of fiber 22.85 34.55 50.82 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF M35 CUBES BEFORE IMMERSION IN MgSO4
- 40. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 NORMAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT AND SAND REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT,SAND AND ADDITION OF FIBER COMPRESSIVESTRENGTH(N/mm2) DAYS COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF VARIOUS M35 CONCRETE MIXES BEFORE IMMERSING IN MgSO4 SOLUTION 3 days 7 days 28 days
- 41. Grade of concrete Type Tensile strength at 28 days (N/mm2) M30 Normal 4.15 Replacement of cement and sand 4.7 Replacement of cement& sand and addition of Fiber 5.75 Tensile Strength Of Various Mixes Of M30 Rectangular Prisms Before immersion in MgSO4 Solution
- 42. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 NORMAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT AND SAND REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT,SAND AND ADDITION OF FIBER TENSILESTRENGTH(N/mm2) DAYS TENSILE STRENGTH OF VARIOUS M30 CONCRETE MIXES NORMAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT AND SAND
- 43. M30 (0.43:1:13:2.63) Compressive strength (N/mm2) 30Days 45Days 60 Days Normal 37.8 36.5 36 Replacement of cement and sand 40.8 40 39.8 Replacement of cement and sand and addition of fiber 44.4 44.4 44.3 Compressive strength of M30 various mixes after immersion in MgSO4Solution:
- 44. 36.5 36 36 40 39.8 39.8 44.4 44.3 44.3 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 30 days 45 days 60 days COMPRESSIVESTRENGTH(N/mm2) DAYS VARIATION IN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF M30 CUBES AFTER IMMERSION IN MGSO4 SOLUTION normal replacement of cement and sand replacement of cement sand and fiber
- 45. Variation of Compressive strength of M30 concrete cubes in terms of percentages after immersion in MgSO4 Solution Grade of Concrete Type of Concrete Compressive Strength in % 30 days 45 days 60 days M30 Normal -3.4% -4.7% -4.7% Replacement of cement and sand -1.96% -2.4% -2.4% Replacement of cement, sand and addition of fiber 0% -0.22% -0.22%
- 46. -3.4 -0.08 -4.7 -1.96 -2.4 -2.4 0 -0.22 -0.22 -5 -4.5 -4 -3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 30 days 45days 60 days COMPRESSIVESTRENGTHin% DAYS Variation interms of percentages of compressive strength of Various mixes of M30 after immersing in MgSO4 Solution Normal Replacement of cement and sand Replacement of cement,sand and addition of fiber
- 47. Grade of Concrete Type of Concrete Compressive strength in % 30 days 45 days 60 days M35 Normal -0.09% -4.7% -4.7% Replacement of cement and sand -1.4% -2.4% -2.4% Replacement of cement, sand and addition of fiber 0% -0.1% -0.1% Variation in compressive strength of M35 cubes of various mixes in terms of percentages:
- 48. -0.9 -0.08 -4.7 -1.4 -2.4 -2.4 0 -0.1 -0.22 -5 -4.5 -4 -3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 30 days 45days 60 days COMPRESSIVESTRENGTHin% DAYS Variation interms of percentages of compressive strength of Various mixes of M35 after immersion in MgSO4 solution Normal Replacement of cement and sand Replacement of cement,sand and addition of fiber
- 49. 4.15 4.1 4 4.7 4.7 4.69 5.75 5.75 5.7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 30 days 45 days 60 dayd COMPRESSIVESTRENGTH(N/mm2) DAYS VARIATION IN TENSILE STRENGTH OF M3O AFTER IMMERSION IN MGSO4 SOLUTION normal replacement of cement and sand replacement of cement sand and fiber
- 50. -1.2 -0.08 -3.6 0 -0.21 -0.21 0 -0.1 -0.17 -4 -3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 30 days 45days 60 days Tensilestrengthin% DAYS VARIATION INTERMS OF PERCENTAGES OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF VARIOUS MIXES OF M30 Normal Replacement of cement and sand Replacement of cement,sand and addition of fiber
- 51. 0 -0.08 -1.3 -0.12 -0.6 -0.8 0 0 -0.35 -1.4 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 30 days 45days 60 days WEIGHTSin% DAYS Change in Weights in Percentage of M30 cubes after immersion in MgSO4 Solution Normal Replacement of cement and sand Replacement of cement,sand and addition of fiber
- 52. -0.1 -0.08 -1.1 -0.25 -0.5 -0.75 0 -0.25 -0.35 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 30 days 45days 60 days WEIGHTSin% DAYS Change in Weights in percentage of M35 CUBES Normal Replacement of cement and sand Replacement of cement,sand and addition of fiber
- 53. 0 -0.08 -0.33 -0.083 -0.083 -0.24 0 -0.08 -0.16 -0.35 -0.3 -0.25 -0.2 -0.15 -0.1 -0.05 0 30 days 45days 60 days WEIGHTin% DAYS Change in Weights in Percentage of M30 Rectangular Prisms after immersion in MgSO4 solution Normal Replacement of cement and sand Replacement of cement,sand and addition of fiber
- 54. conclusion STRENGTH PROPERTIES: COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH: BEFORE IMMERSION: For both the grades of concrete (M30&M35) Compressive Strength increases from Normal,to Replacement Of Cement and Sand as 7.9%&7.9% respectively and for Replacement Of Cement and Sand and addition of Fibe as 17.4% &17.3% respectively. AFTER IMMERSION: For both the grades of concrete M30&M35 Compressive Strength variation declines from Normal to Replacement of Cement and Sand as 2.4%& 2.4% respectively and Replacement of Cement, Sand and addition of Fiber as 0.22 % & 0.1% respectively .
- 55. Tensile strength: BEFORE IMMERSION: For M30 grade of concrete tensile strength increases from Normal to Replacement of Cement and Sand as 13.2%, Replacement of Cement And Sand and addition of Fiber as 38.5%. AFTER IMMERSION: For M30 grade of concrete Tensile Strength variation declines from Normal, Replacement of Cement and Sand as 0.212% & Replacement of Cement, Sand addition of Fiber as 0.17%
- 56. DURABILITY Measured in terms of weight, for both the grades of concrete M30&M35 the percentage variation of weight loss decreased from Normal to Replacement of cement and sand as 0.8% & 0.38%,respectively and to Replacement of cement, sand and addition of Fiber as 0.75%&0.25% respectively.
- 57. COST For M30 grade of concrete the cost increment from normal to replacement of cement,sand and fiber as 3.1% only For M35 grade of concrete the cost increment from normal to replacement of cement,sand and fiber as 3.2% only. So it is Economical
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